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Topic: Ethiopian Democratic League

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	Map & Graph: Countries by Background: Background
		Democratic rule was interrupted by two military coups in 1987, caused by concern over a government perceived as dominated by the Indian community (descendants of contract laborers brought to the islands by the British in the 19th century).
		Democratic elections in 1974 and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy; Greece joined the European Community or EC in 1981 (which became the EU in 1992).
		The democratic FRG embedded itself in key Western economic and security organizations, the EC, which became the EU, and NATO, while the Communist GDR was on the front line of the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact.
	www.nationmaster.com /graph-T/bac_bac (11721 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Oromo in Ethiopia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Ethiopian authorities ordered rival Muslim groups to stop fighting after 9 people were killed and 130 wounded in the Great Anwar mosque, the largest mosque in Addis Ababa.
		The state-run Ethiopian News Agency (ENA) reported that the Oromo People’s Democratic Organization (OPDO) took 18 of the 20 constituencies for the federal parliament and regional council in the southern region of Bale and the western region of Illibabor, both Oromo strongholds.
		The ONLF and Ethiopian Somali Democratic League agreed to set up a joint committee to prepare the merger and administer the State until the merge is complete.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=53004 (5535 words)

	Update on the Situation in Region 5 (Somali) of Ethiopia
		League supporters tend to assume that the Ogadeni, though large (perhaps the single largest group) make up less than half of the Region_s inhabitants and that the ESDL has managed to cobble together a substantially larger group from among other clans.
		Though a number of League supporters cite the 1994 (Ethiopian 1987) census as a basis for population figures, these statistics have yet to be officially released and there is anyway reason to doubt the precision of the count in Region 5, given the multifarious problems encountered by census teams.
		Victory, democratic or otherwise, of either group in the upcoming elections will undoubtedly be received as blatantly unjust by their political opponents and, under certain circumstances, could lead to a manifest deterioration in the prospects for stability and security throughout the region.
	www.africa.upenn.edu /EUE/regionb.html (2026 words)

	League of Nations
		Although Woodrow Wilson is often viewed as the sole "father" of the League of Nations, especially by U.S. historians, he was not the first to propose its creation officially, but instead elaborated on, and added to, ideas propounded on the subject by others.
		Even his famous Fourteen Points—some of which were incorporated into the League Covenant—were only the barest outline of what the League later comprised, and did not represent a functional organizational scheme, even in part.
		In the early summer of 1935, a "Peace Ballot," sponsored by the British League of Nations Union and organized by Lord Cecil, was distributed to voters throughout Great Britain soliciting their opinions regarding British membership of the League, including the use of economic and military sanctions against aggressor nations.
	odur.let.rug.nl /usa.990917/E/league/leaguenn.htm (1884 words)

	Coalition for Unity and Democracy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Coalition for Unity and Democracy (commonly referred to as CUD, or occasionally as CDU) is a coalition of four existing political parties of Ethiopia which combined to compete for seats in the Ethiopian General Elections held on May 15, 2005.
		The four parties that combined to form the CUD are: All Ethiopia Unity Party (AEUP), the Ethiopian Democratic Union Party-Medhin (EDUP-Medhin), the Rainbow Party, and the Ethiopian Democratic League (EDL).
		Shawul was placed under house arrest in early June 2005 after the government accused the CUD of sponsoring street protests in which over twenty were killed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Coalition_for_Unity_and_Democracy (141 words)

	Welcome to Tigrai_net (www.tigrai.org, www.tigray.net: an Ethiopian News and Information site focusing on Educational ...
		Ethiopian Army General Resigns Over Political Row Ethiopia's Defense Ministry administration chief, General Tadesse Berhe, abstained himself from attending a meeting called by Prime Minister Meles Zenawi saying the meeting was an act that violates the constitution which exempts the army from political matters.
		Blockade of the Ethiopian Embassy in Washington, DC Ethiopian Democratic Action League
		The Ethiopian people in general, the CC members in particular, should ask PM Meles to resign immediately.
	www.tigrai.org /News/Jan-Mar-2001.html (758 words)

	Ethiopian Review, Jul-Oct 2001, Tegbar League General Assembly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The League's Spokesperson, Dr Gashu Habte, opened the General Assembly at 11 AM with a silent prayer and brief remarks.
		The Executive Committee report indicated that the League has doubled its membership and quadrupled its registered supporters in the past twelve months which enabled it to carry out more and stronger activities than the previous year to help advance the struggle for human rights, democratic governance, and socioeconomic developments in Ethiopia.
		The Assembly has also decided to streamline the League's activities to focus on demanding the immediate resignation of the Meles Regime and calling for the formation of an all-inclusive transitional government of national unity.
	ethiopianreview.homestead.com /002NewsSep3_2001~ns4.html (704 words)

	SudanTribune article : A critical look into the Ethiopian elections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Formed by Marxist Tigrayan students who split from the civilian left during the Ethiopian revolution of the early 70s and launched a rural-based struggle against the state from Tigray, the TPLF mobilized non-Tigrayan groups after the movement decided to be pan Ethiopian, when military victory against the Mengistu dictatorship became imminent.
		Its minor ally, the Ethiopian Peoples’ Democratic Movement (EPDM), was later transformed into an explicitly Amhara group to match the country’s new ethno-political template, and in most regions the EPRDF fostered surrogate people’s democratic organizations (PDOs), the largest of which is the Oromo People’s Democratic Organization (OPDO).
		The primary beneficiaries from the excesses of the regime have become a hastily organized coalition of four Ethiopian opposition parties known by the acronym as CUD (Coalition for Unity and Democracy [2]) that swept all 23 parliamentary seats in the capital, Addis Ababa.
	www.sudantribune.com /article.php3?id_article=9931 (2472 words)

	OGADEN ONLINE
		At that time peaceful demonstrations against the cession of the land to the Ethiopians were brutally suppressed by Ethiopian occupation forces.
		In 1991, when the ruling Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front(EPRDF), which is dominated by the Tigray People’s Liberation Front(TPLF) came to power, after the defeat of former government, the EPRDF presented a new charter.
		According to the Transitional Charter, which was adopted on 22 July 1991, among other things all democratic principles, human rights and right to self-determination of all nations in the empire-state of Ethiopia, should be recognized and fully respected.
	www.ogaden.com /Background.htm (1277 words)

	[No title]
		The military airfield is presently used by Ethiopian Airlines for civilian flights three times a week to move people and supplies between Gode and the urban centres of Dire Dawa and Addis Ababa.
		The formation of this party followed the establishment of the Ethiopian Somali Democratic League at the beginning 1994, which consolidated the factional political association and also ended ONLF's domination of the regional administration.
		As in other parts of the Ethiopian Somali Region, distribution of goods between the Gode area and highland regions of the country is relatively limited in scope.
	www.africa.upenn.edu /EUE/gode1195.html (5784 words)

	The Ogaden People: Past and Present
		At first, the new Ethiopian rulers, feeling weak and aware of the international climate and the demise of totalitarian regimes, forwarded a reasonable and plausible programme for addressing the burning issue of Ethiopian colonialism and its solution through recognising and granting the right of nations to self-determination through peaceful process.
		Since 20 April 1994, the combatants of the ONLF and Ethiopian forces are fighting bloody battles and Ethiopia is vehemently denying the engagements with the liberation forces.
		Moreover in the Ogaden, the EPRDF forces and Tigrean dealers who have been given concessions and licences by the Ethiopian government dominated by ethnic Tigreans, are devastating the poor and the fragile ecological balance by widespread exploitation and depletion of forests for military purposes, firewood and charcoal.
	www.sidamaconcern.com /articles/ogaden_past_present.htm (3133 words)

	The Official Web Site of Rainbow Ethiopia: Movement for Democracy and Social Justice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Ethiopians also contributed funds for the families of the Agazee and Government victims and also agreed to continue the struggle until the regime in Ethiopia is replaced with a democratic system.
		The Ethiopian people have, during their long and distinguished history, lived as brothers and sisters, notwithstanding their ethnic and religious diversity.
		While the CUD has been doing everything possible to ensure that all human and democratic rights of the people are unconditionally respected by the ruling party and the government in a responsible manner, there has been a call for a national strike from unknown sources.
	www.kestedemena.org (2645 words)

	Washingtonpost.com: Live Online
		In addition to the violations of the basic human rights of the Ethiopian people, the Meles regime seem to arrogantly consign to the dust bin, the most dangeroug practice, it seems to me, is their conscious effort to institute ethnic division in the Ethiopian psyche.
		The Ethiopian Democratic Action League (EDAL) calls on concerned Ethiopians, and civic and political organizations to resist the economic and political strangulation of Ethiopia.
		Ethiopians inside the country and around the world need to mobilize around these opposition parties and help bring an end to the fascistic regime of Meles Zenawi.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/liveonline/01/world/kifle0606.htm (6161 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Ethiopian National Democratic Movement (ENDM) was the largest opposition party which participated in the election but it failed to win any of the 80 seats it contested.
		The Ethiopian Government was urged to ensure that detention and interrogation practices of the military when engaged in counter-insurgency operations met minimum international standards.
		Ethiopian passports of people of Eritrean origin have been routinely confiscated and by the end of 1998 an estimated 45,000 people of Eritrean origin had been deported from Ethiopia to Eritrea.
	www.asylumlaw.org /docs/ethiopia/ind99b_ethiopia_ca.htm (15629 words)

	[No title]
		An announcement was made to the Ethiopian News Agency that the incumbent Regional Executive Committee had been removed from office for neglect of their duties and financial irregularities.
		The result was the formation of the Ethiopian Somali Democratic League, led by Dr Abdul-Mejid Hussein, Minister for External Economic Cooperation in Addis Ababa in early February.
		Previous pacts among Ethiopian Somali parties have dissolved almost as soon as the ink dried on the agreement, but then again, they never had a government Minister for a leader before.
	www.etext.org /Politics/Somalia.News.Update/Volume.3/snu-03.012 (1209 words)

	Ethiopian Review, Jul-Oct 2001, EDP delegation's USA tour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		A high-level delegation of Ethiopian Democratic Party (EDP) traveled to several cities in the USA on a working visit in July and August this year.
		The meeting was organized by Tegbar League and was chaired by Ato Tesfaye Mengistu, a prominent member of the Chicago Ethiopian community.
		Before heading back to Ethiopia, the EDP delegation attended as guests of honor Tegbar League's dinner program on Sunday, September 2, 2001, which was held at the conclusion of its annual General Assembly session.
	ethiopianreview.homestead.com /Article_EDPUSATourJulOct01.html (333 words)

	Region 5 (Somali) Ethiopia Political Conference in Feb 1995
		Exponents of the League tend to argue that although the Ogaden clan is clearly the largest single community within the region, it constitutes less than half the total population of the Killil and cannot claim to solely represent Somali interests.
		The ex-President is convinced that the proposed arrangements weight the odds in favour of a non-Ogadeni majority in the next regional government (League supporters assert that such a result would be borne out by demographics, since the Ogaden are in any case a minority clan).
		He argues that in the absence of solid statistical data, such arrangements are unacceptable to the majority of the Ogadenis, and he is afraid that the Ogaden are not ready (or politically mature enough) tofind themselves in a subordinate position following an ESDL electoral victory, fair or otherwise.
	www.sas.upenn.edu /African_Studies/Hornet/rgion5.html (3177 words)

	COMMENTARY Gebru Asrat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In an utterly exhausted state after more than a decade in power, the regime of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) is looking for a second wind, which Prime Minister Meles Zenawi hopes to find in pushing an audacious political and institutional reform before the 2005 general elections.
		In addition, the cabinet just accepted a request from the minister of federal affairs, Abay Tsehaye (former TPLF dissident who become a Zenawi partisan) asking for the Addis Ababa government's right to intervene in the affairs of regional states in case of flagrant human rights violations, insecurity, or when the constitution is in danger.
		The party could come from reconstructions at work in the Ethiopian Democratic Party (EDP) or the Ethiopian Democratic League (EDL), recently formed with the discreet support of Berhanu Nega, Mesfin Weldemariam, Endrias Eshete and a few other pro-Zenawi intellectuals.
	www.tisjd.net /wind.htm (639 words)

	SudanTribune article : Ethiopian opposition vows to change constitution if elected (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		ADDIS ABABA, Apr 9, 2005 — The opposition Coalition for Unity and Democracy (CUD), the umbrella organization of four multinational opposition parties, has proposed sweeping changes to the constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) as one element of its election platform in the Election Manifesto it released on Wednesday April 6, 2005.
		The proposed changes are said to have been made with the view to making the constitution more friendly to human and democratic rights, curbing the powers of the executive and ensuring the independence of the judiciary.
		Ethiopian election demonstrate advances in democratization process: Carter
	www.sudantribune.com /article.php3?id_article=8996 (423 words)

	Berhanu Nega (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		EDL is a political party that has applied for legal recognition.
		EDL has stated that Berhanu and Professor Mesfin are not its members.
		On May 8, 2001, Ethiopian economist and human rights activist Dr. Berhanu Nega was arrested by the Ethiopian government on charges of inciting students at Addis Ababa University to riot.
	www.facstaff.bucknell.edu /rickard/berhanu.html (1288 words)

	SOmali Zone ONLINE-Background Information
		In 1996 statements by Dr Abdul-Mejid Hussein of the Ethiopian Somali Democratic League have tried to lump the Ogadeni National Liberation Front (ONLF) and the extreme Al-Itihad together, although they have significant differences in policy.
		In Jijiga, the head of the Ogaden relief, is held in prison under suspicion of assisting political groups such as the ONLF and Al-itihad.
		Some members of the association who attended the meeting said that they will make efforts to do away with some of the problems witnessed earlier, and would do all in their capacity for the success of the telethons programme.
	www.angelfire.com /bc/snrs/headline_mr03.html (2061 words)

	Somaliland.Org
		Ethiopian Ambassador To The United Nations Dr. Abdulmejid Hussein Dies...
		Ethiopian Ambassador to the United Nations Dr. Abdulmejid Hussein Dies in Dira Dawa, Ethiopia.
		The British Ambassador to the United Nations Sir Emyr Jones Parry, KCMG visits with Dr. Abdul Mejid Hussein, Ambassador of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia to the U.N., at the Mission Thursday, afternoon August 14th.
	www.somaliland.org /ns.asp?ID=04032904 (853 words)

	E T H I O P I A
		Recalling that Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front had gained about 98.6 percent of seats in the federal assembly, the report says that the ballot was carried out "calmly but in relative indifference".
		The report on the budget indicated that 62m birr of the annual budget would be secured from various revenue sources in the region, while the balance is expected from the central government and donors.
		On discussion of the article on equal rights for women, the Ethiopian News Agency reported that the view that women should be freed from traditional Afar pressures and have equal rights to men in government was adopted by 39 votes.
	www.sas.upenn.edu /African_Studies/Newsletters/HB7895_ETH.html (4319 words)

	Welcome to Tigrai_net (www.tigrai.org, www.tigray.net: an Ethiopian News and Information site focusing on Educational ...
		Badme and the Dilemma of the Ethiopian Government Addis Tribune: "It is a sad affair to see the Ethiopian government's attempt to conceal the truth from the Ethiopian public about the ownership of Badme.
		The Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary decision regarding delimitation of the border between the two states given by the neutral Boundary commission on the 13th of April continues to be the subject of endless argument and dispute.
		Ethiopians' Democratic Party (EDP) held public meetings in Mekele, the capital of Tigray province, and Harer in southern Ethiopia yesterday, April 7.
	www.tigrai.org /News/April2002.html (2691 words)

	Respect Ethiopia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Today, a group of Ethiopians held a peaceful demonstration in Washington DC in support of the demonstration that was held yesterday in Addis Abeba and also to appeal to the U.S. Government not to support the U.N. Border Commission's ruling that will make Ethiopia landlocked and her people divided.
		In a brief speech in front of the White House, the representative of the United Ethiopian Civic Organizations, Dr Mankelklot Haileselassie, expressed admiration for and solidarity with the Ethiopian Democratic Party for organizing yesterday's protest rally at Mesqel Square in Addis Abeba in the face of ominous threats from the dictatorial regime of Meles Zenawi.
		Democracy, and the Ethiopian Democratic Party Washington DC Support Group will travel to New York to deliver petition letters, resolutions, statements and other documents to the United Nations Security Council.
	www.tisjd.net /respect_ethiopia.htm (304 words)

	[No title]
		In introducing the programme, Ato [Mr] Elias Kifle, Secretary of [opposition] Ethiopian Democratic Action League and chairman of the Voice of Ethiopian Unity, stated that the civic coalition is launching the radio programme, which is a result of the civic groups' united effort, with great pleasure and bright hope.
		The first programme presented representatives of the UECO, Dr Mankelklot Haile Selasie from Ethiopian Democratic Action League, Gen Abay Yemanu from [opposition] Moa Anbesa, and Dr Bekele Mola from the Council of Concerned Nationals for Ethiopian Security, who explained the mission and objectives of the radio programme.
		They said that the main purpose of the radio programme is to inform the Ethiopian community about the struggle being waged in Ethiopia for democracy, human rights, peace and socioeconomic development.
	www.angelfire.com /ok/worldofradio/dxld1205.txt (3883 words)

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