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Topic: Ethiopic

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	ETHIOPIC. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ethiopic (also called Geez or classical Ethiopic) ceased to be a spoken tongue in Ethiopia some time before the 14th cent.
		B.C. The native Cushitic tongues of Ethiopia (which were of the Hamitic subfamily of Hamito-Semitic languages) exerted a degree of influence on the newly arrived Semitic language or languages with respect to grammar, vocabulary, and phonology.
		Although the script used for Ethiopic and other Semitic tongues of Ethiopia is syllabic rather than alphabetic, it seems to be derived from the alphabetic South Semitic writing of the South Arabic inscriptions, to which it shows many similarities.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/et/Ethiopic.html (269 words)

	Simplified Spelling Society : Ethiopic writing system. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Ethiopic [2] writing system has its origins in the same ancestral writing systems as those of European alphabets, namely the Semitic scripts that proliferated in the Middle East more than three thousand years ago (Coulmas 1989).
		The Ethiopic system is used on a large scale in the representation of three Semitic languages, all confined to Ethiopia and Eritrea (the latter being formerly part of Ethiopia but now an independent state).
		Giiz inscriptions in the Ethiopic script can be traced back to the 4th century AD when Giiz was the language of the empire of Aksum, a flourishing Semitic civilization based in what is now northern Ethiopia, but with wide military and trading contacts in the neighbouring territories and far beyond.
	www.spellingsociety.org /journals/j19/ethiopic.php (4950 words)

	Ancient Scripts: Ethiopic
		The elegant Ethiopic script is another interesting story in the family tree of Proto-Sinaitic script.
		Ethiopic is an offshoot of the South Arabian script.
		The Ethiopic script was used for the liturgical language Ge'ez as well as modern languages like Amharic (the official language of Ethiopia), Tigre, Tigrinya, and other languages of Ethiopia.
	www.ancientscripts.com /ethiopic.html (237 words)

	AllRefer.com - Ethiopic (Language And Linguistics) - Encyclopedia
		Ethiopic[EthEop´ik] Pronunciation Key, extinct language of Ethiopia belonging to the North Ethiopic group of the South Semitic (or Ethiopic) languages, which, in turn, belong to the Semitic subfamily of the Afroasiatic family of languages (see Afroasiatic languages).
		Because Ethiopic is close to Old South Arabian lexically and grammatically, it has been suggested that its speakers originally came from S Arabia, whence they apparently began to migrate to Ethiopia in the first millennium
		B.C. The native Cushitic tongues of Ethiopia (which are also Afroasiatic languages) exerted a degree of influence on the newly arrived Semitic language or languages with respect to grammar, vocabulary, and phonology.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/E/Ethiopic.html (377 words)

	Ethiopic - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		ETHIOPIC [Ethiopic], extinct language of Ethiopia belonging to the North Ethiopic group of the South Semitic (or Ethiopic) languages, which, in turn, belong to the Semitic subfamily of the Afroasiatic family of languages (see Afroasiatic languages).
		Although the script used for Ethiopic and other Semitic tongues of Ethiopia is syllabic rather than alphabetic, it seems to be derived from the alphabetic South Semitic writing of the Old South Arabian inscriptions, to which it shows many similarities.
		1907); A. Mercer, Ethiopic Grammar with Chrestomathy and Glossary (rev. ed.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-ethiopic.html (323 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - ENOCH, BOOKS OF (Ethiopic and Slavonic): (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Of this literature a collection of fragments or single, independent pieces has come down to us in the socalled "Ethiopic Enoch," whereas the Slavonic Book of Enoch gives, as it were, a résumé of most of the current oral or literary traditions about its hero, which it brings into a certain system of its own.
		Almost from the beginning it was recognized that Ethiopic Enoch was composed of various independent works, and it was assumed that three sources were to be distinguished: (1) the "groundwork," i.-xxxvi., lxxii.-civ.; (2) the similitudes, xxxvii.-lxxi.; (3) Noachian interpolations, chiefly to be found in the similitudes.
		A.D. ; the first date is given by the fact that Ethiopic Enoch, Ecclesiasticus, and Wisdom of Solomon are used; the second by the fact that the destruction of the Temple is not mentioned at all.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=384&letter=E (2875 words)

	J. M. Harden, An introduction to Ethiopic Christian Literature (1926)
		In Ethiopic, on the other hand, the form of the consonant itself is slightly modified according to the vowel with which it is to be sounded.
		Ethiopic Literature also decayed, as we shall see, and nothing new was written 17 but the annals of the successive kings.
		Nearly every Ethiopic manuscript, whether it be biblical, or liturgical, or theological, or historical, or philosophical, or even but a magic scroll, begins with 'In the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, One God,' or some similar words.
	www.tertullian.org /fathers/harden_ethiopic_literature.htm (20075 words)

	Showcases :: Ethiopic Gospels
		The Ethiopic Church was able to maintain only tenuous links with the rest of Christianity through the Coptic Church in Egypt, which managed to survive under its country’s Islamic rulers.
		This copy of the Ethiopic Gospels is a replica of a precious illuminated manuscript from the early 15th century.
		The text is in Classical Ethiopic, or Ge’ez, the language of the Ethiopian Church.
	www.bl.uk /onlinegallery/themes/asianafricanman/ethiopic.html (791 words)

	nt-text.net - The Bible of the Ethiopians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		It has been theorized that the Ethiopic alphabet is actually derived from the Old Hebrew alphabet, abandoned by the Jews themselves in the post-Exilic period.
		Ethiopic, however, added vowel symbols at a very early date -- not as extra letters but as tags attached to letters.
		Nor are the dates of the earliest manuscripts much help, since all Ethiopic manuscripts are of the eleventh century or later and the vast majority are of the fourteenth century or later.
	www.nt-text.net /eth/eth_index.htm (482 words)

	Notes on Ethiopic Localization
		Ethiopic follows similar rules to English where a word may be split over two lines at a syllable.
		Ethiopic semicolon and colon may also be found in use as a list separator.
		Ethiopic preface colon is most commonly found in interviews at the end of the presenters name before the dialogue passage is given:
	www.abyssiniacybergateway.net /fidel/l10n (2249 words)

	Senamirmir Project: Ethiopic
		Ethiopic refers to Ge'ez or Classic Ge'ez, one of the ancient languages of Ethiopia which is now mainly used in Ethiopian Orthodox Church as liturgical language.
		Ethiopic Script is syllabic, that is each character embodies "consonant+vowel" characteristics.
		The Unicode Ethiopic standard is by far a promising one.
	www.senamirmir.com /projects/ethiopic/ethiopic_proj.html (568 words)

	The Ethiopic Calendar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Ethiopic and Coptic calendars have 13 months, 12 of 30 days each and an intercalary month at the end of the year of 5 or 6 days depending whether the year is a leap year or not.
		In spite of this, the Ethiopic Calendar is closely associated with the rules and the different calculations influenced by the Coptic Church and the Ethiopian
		Ethiopic uses the 5500 E.B.C. years in proleptic as well as modern calendrical calculations.
	www.ethiopic.com /calendar/ethiopic.htm (2664 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Book of Enoch
		The canonical Epistle of St. Jude, in verses 14, 15, explicitly quotes from the Book of Henoch; the citation is found in the Ethiopic version in verses 9 and 4 of the first chapter.
		The complete text was thought to have perished when it was discovered in two Ethiopic manuscripts in Abyssinia, by the traveler Bruce in 1773.
		A comparison of the Ethiopic text with the Akhmîn Greek fragment proves that the former is in general a trustworthy translation.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01602a.htm (1082 words)

	Ethiopic - OLPCWiki
		The Ethiopic syllabary is is the writing system used for several languages of Ethiopia and Eritrea, including Amharic, Tigrinya, and the liturgical language Ge'ez.
		Please note that there may be additions to the Ethiopic characters in the Unicode standard in the coming years, as more linguistic work is done.
		There is a mention of Ethiopic on pages 4 and 5 of this document.
	wiki.laptop.org /index.php/Ethiopic (124 words)

	1 Enoch
		The Ethiopic text was published first by Laurence in 1838, and subsequently by Dillmann in 1851, after having collated it with five manuscripts.
		The indications are that these parts of 1 Enoch, together with a work known as the book of Giants, circulated at Qumran as separate writings and were also copied out in combination—with the book of Giants apparently as the second of the four elements—to form a four-part corpus of Enochic writings, a tetrateuch.
		It is a matter of debate whether the Parables, a Jewish work, might have exercised some limited influence on the gospel traditions; but their real importance—in the writer's opinion from towards the end of that century.
	www.earlyjewishwritings.com /1enoch.html (3742 words)

	A Look at Ethiopic Numerals
		Ethiopic numerals have a familiar quality about them that seems to catch the eye and pique the imagination of the first-time viewer.
		The Ethiopic numerals are said to have come from the interpretation of the Milesian system by Ethiopia's Nile brethren the Egyptian Copts.
		Ilf, the final Ethiopic numeral, `á¼', is often confused as the representation of 1,000.
	www.geez.org /Numerals (749 words)

	Ethiopic Computing Information (Penn State)
		Ethiopic is a syllabary originally developed for Classical Ge'ez (Ethiopia), the South Semitic language of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, but is now used for several languages of northeastern African including Amharic (modern Ethiopian), Tigrinya and others.
		Oromo was once written in the Ethiopic script, but has been written in the Roman alphabet since 1991.
		Ethiopic numeric Unicode entity codes can be used for small pieces of text when other methods to not work.
	tlt.its.psu.edu /suggestions/international/bylanguage/ethiopic.html (640 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Ethiopic
		Ethiopic at Amazon.com Buy books at Amazon.com and save.
		Ethiopic ETHIOPIC [Ethiopic], extinct language of Ethiopia belonging to the North Ethiopic group of the South Semitic (or Ethiopic) languages, which, in turn, belong to the Semitic subfamily of the Afroasiatic family of languages (see Afroasiatic languages).
		Amharic AMHARIC [Amharic], language of Ethiopia belonging to the South Ethiopic group of South Semitic languages, which, in turn, belong to the Semitic subfamily of the Afroasiatic family of languages (see Afroasiatic languages).
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Ethiopic (595 words)

	Major Concepts of the Ethiopic Liturgy
		The Ethiopic Liturgy in the early Ethiopic Church in the old Ethiopic Language, the Ge’ez, in the land of Ethiopia dates back to the 5th Century A.D. The Ethiopic Liturgy likely dates back to an Ethiopic translation of a Greek original from the Coptic Church and is expanded in subsequent centuries.
		Furthermore, the Ethiopic Church through the centuries has been loosely tied to the Egyptian or Coptic Church, with the Ethiopic patriarch presumably appointed by the Egyptian or Coptic patriarch.
		The ethics of the Ethiopic Liturgy is the ethics of particularity.
	www.glendale.edu /philosophy/ethiopic.htm (1995 words)

	Ethiopic - Test for Unicode support in Web browsers
		The Ethiopic script is used for several related Semitic languages that are or were spoken in Ethiopia and Eritrea, including Amharic (the national language of Ethiopia), classical Ethiopic, Harari, Gurage, Tigre and Tigrinya.
		Ethiopic, which is also known as Ge'ez, is the traditional language of the Christian church in Ethiopia.
		Ethiopic is written left to right, which is unusual for a Semitic language.
	www.alanwood.net /unicode/ethiopic.html (358 words)

	Ethiopic Writing System (Geez) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ethiopic is an African Writing System designed as a meaningful and graphic representation of knowledge.
		It is a component of the African Knowledge Systems and one of the signal contributions made by Africans to the world history and cultures.
		Ethiopic is a knowledge system because it is brilliantly organized to represent philosophical features, such as ideography, mnumonics, syllography, astronomy, and grammatology.
	www.library.cornell.edu /africana/Writing_Systems/Geez.html (101 words)

	Ethiopic Language - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
		The language commonly called Ethiopic is the language in which the inscriptions of the kings of the ancient Aksumitic (Axumite) empire and most of the literature of Christian Abyssinia are written.
		An outline of the history of the Ethiopic language is as follows: Its oldest monument known so far is the Semitic part of the bilingual inscription of King `Ezana, which dates from the first half of the 4th century AD.
		Amharic was derived from a sister language of the Ethiopic; the direct descendant of the Ethiopic language is modern Tigrina; a language derived from a dialect very closely related to Ge`ez is modern Tigre.
	www.searchgodsword.org /enc/isb/view.cgi?number=T3236 (1513 words)

	Typesetting Ethiopic
		Remarks on the typesetting of Ethiopic using a TeX variant.
		Not having a keyboard with Arabic / Hebrew / Ethiopic keys, it is easiest to type a transliteration of the required text, where the language support package transforms the transliteration into the correct symbols.
		When no written consonant precedes, that is, for U+12A5, the ETHIOPIC SYLLABLE GLOTTAL E, the SERA system uses I. The vowels of the syllables in a series of length 12 are indicated by A, U, I, AA, EE, E, O, WA, WI, WAA, WEE, WE in the Unicode names.
	www.win.tue.nl /~aeb/natlang/ethiopic/ethiopic.html (729 words)

	LaserAmharic in Unicode
		LaserAmharic in Unicode provides 6 high-quality, Unicode-encoded Amharic (or Ethiopic) TrueType® fonts in two typestyles (EthiopicU and AmharicU) for typing at least 26 languages in the Hamito-Semitic family of languages which use the Ge'ez script.
		In addition, modern and ancient Ethiopic text may differ in the width of the other punctuation (either narrow or wide).
		As described above, in order to support both ancient and modern Ethiopic texts plus English, we provide the narrow (English-sized) blank space, the wide (Ethiopic-sized) blank wordspace (which is not yet in the Unicode standard), and the wide space with dots (which is part of the Unicode standard).
	www.linguistsoftware.com /lamu.htm (1589 words)

	Ethiopic Unicode Fonts
		The Ethiopic syllabary is used in central east Africa for Amharic, Bilen, Oromo, Tigré, Tigrinya, and other languages.
		The Unicode implementation of Ethiopic is described in chapter 12 (Additional Modern Scripts) of The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0.
		Names, images, properties and additional background/non-technical information about the Ethiopic Unicode block and its characters can be found on decodeunicode's Ethiopic block page (in English and German/Deutsch).
	www.wazu.jp /gallery/Fonts_Ethiopic.html (841 words)

	Ethiopic Extended - Test for Unicode support in Web browsers
		The Ethiopic Extended range was introduced with version 4.1 of the Unicode Standard, and is located in Plane 0, the Basic Multilingual Plane.
		These characters are used with those in the Ethiopic and Ethiopic Supplement ranges.
		The characters that appear in the “Character” columns of the following table depend on the browser that you are using, the fonts installed on your computer, and the browser options you have chosen that determine the fonts used to display particular character sets, encodings or languages.
	www.alanwood.net /unicode/ethiopic-extended.html (177 words)

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