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Topic: Ethnic stereotype

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	Ethnic stereotype - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An ethnic stereotype is a generalized representation of an ethnic group, composed of what are thought to be typical characteristics of members of the group.
		The use of ethnic stereotypes is usually demeaning even when the characteristics might be considered positive because it tends to discount the importance and uniqueness of the individual.
		Many modern ethnic stereotypes can be described as accurate representations of social norms within a given ethnicity and may reflect what a large portion of the living population is, in fact, doing.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ethnic_stereotype (261 words)

	Ethnic stereotype - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		An ethnic stereotype is a simplified and generalized representation of the of what are thought to be typical characteristics of an ethnic group, and may be accurate or inaccurate.
		Ethnic stereotypes are often described as either positive or negative.
		As for the Asians, their positive intellectual stereotype is often associated with the socially awkward nerd image, a negative stereotype in Western society.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Ethnic_stereotype (444 words)

	Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, Unit 15, Chapter 3
		Stereotype consensus refers to the extent to which similar traits or descriptors are used to describe a group.
		Because the stereotype is the underlying force behind the differences in performance, then changing the content of the stereotypes should lessen some of the differences in performance that vary across different ethnicities and gender.
		Her goal is to gain a comprehensive view of stereotyping by examining the process from the perspective of the perceiver, as well as the target (i.e., the individual belonging to the stereotyped group).
	www.ac.wwu.edu /~culture/Khan.htm (4043 words)

	[No title]
		Resolution B-7’s aim is to eliminate all forms of discrimination and stereotyping as it relates to (a) race, (b) gender, (c) immigration status, (d) physical disability, (e) ethnicity, (f) occupation, and (g) sexual orientation.
		Ethnic minorities in America are just as concerned as white Americans with the quality of education their children are receiving (Stames, 2003; Thomas, 2002; Watson, 2002).
		Ethnic diversity is only one of many related desires parents can choose to incorporate into their children’s education.
	www.geocities.com /hkraychir/101.doc (17294 words)

	Stereotype
		Stereotypes are common in the world of drama, where they are often used as a form of dramatic shorthand.
		Ethnic stereotypes in popular culture involve an overly-simplified, stereotypical or false representation of the typical characteristics of a members of an ethnic group in music, literature, print media, film and the performing arts.
		An ethnic stereotype may be either an overly-simplified representation of the typical characteristics of members of an ethnic group or a falsehood that has been repeated so many times that is accepted by many people as generally true.
	www.jahsonic.com /Stereotype.html (2218 words)

	Origins of Contemporary Russian Ethnic Stereotypes for Ukrainians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The stereotype of “Little Russia” and “Little Russians” or “Malorosy” is a huge source of the reproduction of the old and development of new stereotypes and prejudices in itself.
		According to the ethnic competition theory that is a synthesis of the social identity and the realistic conflict theories, the socio-economic, cultural and historical circumstances stimulate the inter-group ethnic competition and the feeling of threat in the interpersonal communication.
		However, their role in the stereotyping process as well as to the cognitive, psychodynamic and sociocultural origins of ethnic stereotypes has to be studied closer.
	www.personal.ceu.hu /students/02/Kateryna_Novikova/papers_stereotypes_prejudice.htm (3511 words)

	Crisp Volume 7 No 2
		Although the content of ethnic stereotypes depend on realistic differences between groups on economic, political, cultural, or relational aspects (Peabody 1985, Pope and Linssen 1999), the manner Romanians and Hungarians perceive each other also seem to depend on their beliefs about the history of Transylvania.
		Because stereotypes and attitudes are commonly perceived as strongly associated to the current relations between groups, it seems unlikely that intergroup perception and evaluation could be altered by reminding people of events that happened centuries ago.
		Stereotypes dimensions were assessed using the percentage of shared attribute method, and positive and negative attitudes using 7-point scales that ranged from1-to a small extent to7- to a large extent (see the Appendix).
	www.uiowa.edu /~grpproc/crisp/crisp.7.2.htm (3464 words)

	Folklore
		Collecting ethnic lore often proceeds on the assumption that the songs, stories, proverbs, superstitions and other practices of the homeland will somehow be lost as soon as linguistic acculturation has taken place -- an assumption not without foundation, even with English-speaking immigrants who are simply adapting to the American varieties of their tongue.
		Such practices often draw upon an ethnic stereotype and turn it into a kind of self-conscious performance; that is, one’s identity changes with the role and the relationships one takes on (whether willingly or not).
		Looking at the coexistence of the many ethnic groups in the United States from outside these groups, however, presents a very different perspective, for the outsider is made especially aware of his nonstatus within the community, and of the difference between his or her traditions and those of the group.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /storytelling/Folklore.html (8599 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Stereotype confirmation concern is defined as chronic apprehension about appearing to confirm an ethnic stereotype.
		It differs from ethnic discrimination in that it need not involve overt actions of others, but may instead arise in certain social situations (e.g., when standardized exams are administered to African Americans).
		Ethnic group differences for mean scores demonstrated the measures' known-groups validity, with fls reporting the highest level of ethnicity-related stress, whites the lowest, and other groups falling in between.
	www.rci.rutgers.edu /~contrada/ethnicity.html (369 words)

	Journal of American Indian Education-Arizona State University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		STEREOTYPES, while not attitudinally intrinsic, are beliefs regarding "traits and attributes assumed to be characteristic of certain kinds of individuals" (see Note 5) and often serve as the base for attitude formulation.
		Since stereotypes are beliefs, their identification and analysis are important factors in attitudinal research for "it appears that we now have fairly conclusive evidence that a person’s attitude toward any object can he seen as a function of his beliefs about the object (see Note 4).
		Other commonly held stereotypes she discussed were "the heathen war-like savage," created (according to Stensland) by the frontiersmen who had to justify taking land from the Indians, and "the cigarstore Indian," characterized by the "granite-faced, humorless TV Indian who answers ‘ugh’ to everything" (see Note 14).
	jaie.asu.edu /v17/V17S2whi.html (1794 words)

	P A R T IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		An ethnic group is a social group that unites individuals on the grounds of their ethnic provenance, so that a person can regard him- or herself as a member of a concrete ethnic group.
		The ethnic Armenian population of the area under study displays a well-expressed hyperidentic consciousness which is nothing short of an utmost form of one’s ethnic origin when it becomes an object of worship and a point of extreme pride and presupposes superiority of one’s “own” ethnic group to all other ethnic formations.
		For instance, inappropriate behaviour of a member of one’s own ethnic group is, as a rule, assessed from the ethnic or national standpoints and is attributed to the situation, whereas the very same inappropriate behaviour is assessed by an “alien” or another ethnic group as that particular person’s fault.
	www.cipdd.org /cipdd/_MELIKISHVILI/part4.htm (6099 words)

	Stephanie Sienkiewicz Thesis: Conclusion
		Pacific scholars have explored the formation of ethnic identity in the Pacific, and especially, the formation of identity during the colonial encounter.
		The ethnic groups have not, however, just adopted these viewpoints because the colonial belief system was so firmly entrenched in government officials and intellectuals that people were incapable of seeing things in other ways.
		The ethnic stereotypes, about one's own ethnic group and about the opposing ethnic group were acceptable because they worked well in a particular situation — which is that Fijian land had been leased out to Indian tenants for almost an entire century.
	www.union.edu /PUBLIC/ANTDEPT/fiji99/sienkiewicz/ssind8.htm (1527 words)

	New ethnic-minority senator position lacks clear definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The major weakness of a position based primarily on ethnic origin is that it is not clearly defined.
		Ethnic minority students have been elected and have represented their peers, not as a member of their race, but as a resident of their dorm or as a fellow SPU student.
		I am by no means denying that ethnic discrimination does occur in America today, and I'm certainly not going to say that SPU is a utopian bubble of racial harmony.
	www.spu.edu /depts/falcon/archive/Nov20/eds/ethnic.html (951 words)

	Nationalism .... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Eastern countries purportedly employed the illiberal, “ethnic” model of nationalism and sought to build their nations around “the common heritage of a people instead of around the notion of citizenship” (Shulman 556).
		Ethnic states, therefore, clearly fall at the more illiberal end of the political spectrum as they obviously favor individuals of the same race and/or culture.
		As Snyder states, “Ethnic nationalism is the default option: It predominates when institutions collapse, when existing institutions are not fulfilling people’s basic needs, and when satisfactory alternative structures are not readily available” (Shulman 557).
	www.nathancrooks.com /POL366-1.htm (1618 words)

	HU 1115 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Comprehensive surveys of the ethnic stereotype literature to date suggest that that definitions of the stereotype disagree on at least one point, on the value judgments of stereotypes as negative.
		1) a stereotype seen as a set of beliefs that is incorrectly learned, overgeneralized, factually incorrect, or rigid and bad-- results in overlooking that while so much of this is true and specifies what a stereotype constitutes, adding a value judgment (as "bad") tends to negate the definition entirely;
		A core definition consists of the following: A stereotype is a structured set of beliefs about the personal attributes of a group of individuals or a group of people.
	faculty.weber.edu /eszalay/Humanities_Sept_20.htm (408 words)

	Article by JD
		Stereotypes, of course, come in both positive and negative varieties, with a single group often being the subject of both simultaneously.
		Pure logic suggests that stereotypes fall into four classes (any one of which might, of course, after careful research, turn out to be empty): positive and accurate, positive and inaccurate, negative and accurate, negative and inaccurate.
		Stereotypes are, in fact, merely one aspect of the mind's ability to make generalizations, without which science and mathematics, not to mention much of everyday life, would be impossible.
	olimu.com /WebJournalism/Texts/Commentary/Stereotypes.htm (1681 words)

	Ethnic Prejudice, Stereotypes, Discrimination, and the Free Market
		That prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination, against anyone for any reason, but especially concerning ethnic groups, races, or the sexes, are bad things is today a truth of public discourse that is never questioned by anyone considered socially, morally, or politically responsible.
		Perhaps the most irrepressible manifestation of that guilty secret may found in the ethnic, racial, or sexual jokes that regularly surface, like a trickster god, to embarrass indiscreet politicians and to offend those at whose expense the jokes are made.
		Ethnic stereotypes that are not based on any experience or real knowledge of their subjects are mere bigotry, and there is plenty of that in every human community.
	www.friesian.com /discrim.htm (3837 words)

	The Jakarta Post - The Journal of Indonesia Today
		An ethnic stereotype may produce an ethnic prejudice, an erroneous concept of a particular ethnic group.
		The research looked at the perception of ethnic stereotypes prevailing in each ethnic group by studying characteristic labeling of one ethnic group by the others, and also by examining the effect of interethnic contact.
		On the other hand, if the stereotypical content of two ethnic groups has a lot in common, they will hardly perceive their differences and tend to consider themselves as belonging to one group.
	www.thejakartapost.com /yesterdaydetail.asp?fileid=20020428.N09 (465 words)

	Classnotes #21 Oct 15
		In this way, the content of ethnic identity is defined not by the cultural history of the group so much as by the specific circumstances in which they compete with other groups in the locality; the values and traditions of an ethnic group are not the thing that "causes" ethnic identification.
		The problem with this way of thinking about ethnicity is that throughout the world ethnic identity is asserting itself as an important focus of personal identity and a source of lethal conflict and violence.
		It seems that many societies went through a period between 1950 and 1970 when ethnic identities were eroded and people became immersed in urban and new national cultures.
	www.facstaff.bucknell.edu /milofsky/Intro/Classnotes/21ethnicity1015.htm (534 words)

	AEQ Summary
		Although they were attempting to be 'nonjudgmental,' these teachers interpreted 'suggestive' ethnic dance moves and younger marriage ages as inappropriate cultural endorsements of adolescent sexual activity.
		Yet, the girls' defenses of their right to wear 'hoochey' clothes as a mode of self-expression endorsed the objectification of women while it reinforced the ethnic stereotype of the hypersexual Puerto Rican girl.
		To ensure that teachers understand the impact that their internal stereotypes have on the development of their students' identities, Rolón-Dow suggests that teachers and students should engage in 'inquiries' to examine how ethnic/cultural roles operate in students' every day lives.
	www.aaanet.org /press/summ_schools_perpetuate_stereotypes.htm (674 words)

	Ethnic Stereotype (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		An ethnic stereotype may be either an overly-simplified representation of the typical characteristics of members of an ethnic group or a...
		ETHNIC STEREOTYPES IN THE UNITED STATES: 1990, 1994, and 2000 Average (mean) scores on perceived personal attributes.
		This stereotype is found very often in history books too.
	www.ethnicstereotype.info (494 words)

	Ethics Case Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The potential pressure from his own ethnic group -- especially on the assumption that his family might be affiliated with the white landowners -- might be brought to bear to bend his value to the will of the majority side, much probably resulting in unfair reporting and the other side’s disaffection.
		While he was reporting the story, therefore, he faced a dilemma: either yielding himself to his inside ethnic demand and the pressure to confirm from his own fellows -- no matter it is conscious or unintentional, or respecting the feelings of both sides and upholding the newspaper credibility and the image of fairness.
		Because such degrading terms and stereotypes are unfair and offensive to Native Americans from their view, they must be rejected as harmful to the self-image of the Indians.
	web.utk.edu /~xzhou1/J433/ethics.htm (4079 words)

	Dispelling the Stereotype of Ethnic Prejudice in Homeschooling - A to Z Home's Cool Homeschooling - 7/10/03
		Dispelling the Stereotype of Ethnic Prejudice in Homeschooling
		There is a prevailing stereotype in the United States that homeschool education is racially prejudice (Butz, 2001; Danehy, 1999); that is, that white parents decide to homeschool their children because of their discriminatory opinions of other races.
		Therefore, this research demonstrates that 25 percent of all homeschooled pupils are ethnic minorities (Bielick, Chandler, and Broughman, 1999).
	homeschooling.gomilpitas.com /articles/071003.htm (10776 words)

	Multicultural Guidelines
		Brewer and Miller delineate the factors that have been found to be successful in facilitating prejudice reduction through contact among groups: social and institutional support, sufficient frequency and duration for relationships to occur, equal status among participants, and cooperation.
		Concomitantly, psychologists are encouraged to understand the impact of the dismantling of Affirmative Action and anti–bilingual education legislation on the lives of ethnic and racial minority groups (Fine, Weis, Powell, and Wong, 1997; Glasser, 1988).
		These models propose that members of racial/ethnic minority groups initially value the other group (dominant culture) and devalue their own culture, move to valuing their own group and devalue the dominant culture, and integrate a value for both groups in a final stage.
	www.apa.org /pi/multiculturalguidelines/guideline2.html (905 words)

	Drawn from the same inkwells (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Racial and ethnic difference, as well as national attributes were gradually believed to be the unchanging legacy of blood.
		To these were added new stereotypes of the recently arrived Jews, Italians, and Eastern Europeans, as well as new imagery for those whose reputation had been tarnished by world events, such as the Germans, Mexicans, and Latin Americans.
		Uncle Sam and ethnic stereotypes continue to be drawn from the same inkwells.
	www2.uah.es /asi/stereo/hays.htm (3171 words)

	Culturalpartnerships.org - Language
		Explore the concept of ethnic humor with your students.
		Ask them to describe what ethnic humor is and what all ethnic jokes have in common.
		Ask students to work in pairs and make a list that includes groups about whom jokes are made, what the stereotype of the group is, where they hear the stereotype perpetuated and if it is true or false.
	www.culturalpartnerships.org /productspubs/language.asp (162 words)

	Results in (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		So it was in no sense an attack on Asians or Asian-Americans unless you think that equating a social or ethnic group with the President constitutes an attack on it.
		The second charge is that the caricaturist dabbled in ethnic stereotypes.
		Gore in robes with begging bowl), and one political stereotype (Mrs.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n6_v49/ai_19298046 (501 words)

	Althouse: At the theater.
		And, perhaps, if you've got a big ethnic stereotype in your play, you might as well play it broadly, the way it would have been played 60 years ago.
		P.S., I'm assuming that since the ethnic stereotype was played straight, the rest of the musical was also played straight--I could be wrong about that.
		On the ethnic stereotype, another way to play it is as an obvious fake, just another white settler who's playing dress up.
	althouse.blogspot.com /2006/03/at-theater.html (2801 words)

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