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Topic: Ethnonym

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	Welcome to tatarworld.com !
		Bulgars are a Russian pronunciation of an ethnonym of the self-name the Bulgar.
		Ethymologies according to which an ethnonym the Bulgar (in) occurs on behalf of the bible or historical person (eponimnye ethymologies): the word the Bulgar ascends to a name of son Jafeta, son Noja; the word the Bulgar occurs on behalf of the leader the Khazar and Kumans Bulgariosa [Ibid.
		As to connection of this ethnonym with gidronimom Volga it is possible to tell with confidence, what not a word the Bulgar proihodit from Volga, and on the contrary, gidronim Volga (former names Bolga) occurs from an ethnonym the Bulgar: Russian represented, that a word the Bulgar designates the inhabitants located on the river Bolga/Volga.
	tatarworld.com /news_en_archive/news_dec14_2_2004.htm (10417 words)

	Emerging Ethnonyms, Ethnicity and Archaeology
		The ethnonym was used by Tacitus in 98 A.D. while the geographical designations came in to use during the second part of the first millennium A.D. The use of the prefix "Finn" signals that all of these geographical terms have something in common with the ethnonym when they appear in written sources.
		Ethnonyms are often regarded as the ”automatic” or ”self-evident” analytical unit in the study of bygone times.
		The life of this ethnonym started amongst neighbouring groups or were coined by external visitors, strangers impressed by the predominant way of life at the northern fringe of Europe.
	www.cr.nps.gov /seac/wallerstrom/wallerstrom1.htm (4797 words)

	TATAR ROOTS
		In Turkic: saga - Turkic ethnonym, -dar-lar is the plural affix; Sagadar is ‘Sags’.
		Judging by the semantics of the ethnonym and by the Mishar’s pronunciation of the root Agach as Akats, the Mishars historically originate from Akatsirs (Agathirs, in Russian depicted as Akafirs), which were in Scythian times quite noted tribes in the Northern Black Sea area.
		Ethnonym Kushan, found in Central Asia, and ethnotoponym Kashan (a perished city on Kama river) is the same word: Kashan~Koshan is the pronunciation of Volga Türks, Kushan - is the pronunciation of Central Asian Türks.
	www.hunmagyar.org /turan/tatar/tatar-origin.html (9947 words)

	Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura
		Ethnonyms can be split up ethnically and geographically on a semantic basis, the former referring to a people and population, the latter to a geographical object.
		Finnic ethnonyms usually signify both the speakers of a language and the area inhabited by an ethnic group, although even a superficial analysis will reveal that either the ethnic or the geographic denotation was created by means of derivation or arose from a secondary meaning.
		Primarily it was an ethnic ethnonym, although in Tacitus' text it is apparently connected geographically with the south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea.
	www.sgr.fi /ct/ct51.html (3001 words)

	«THE TATAR GAZETTE»
		Ethnonym Türk by itself is known in history only from the 5-8 c.
		Melankhlen is ethnonym translated to Greek, apparently, from Türkic, for only Türks have Black Hats (Karakalpaks), who explained to Herodotus their ethnonym as Black Hatters, but Herodotus has understood it as ‘Black Coaters’ and has translated to Greek as Melankhlen.
		Judging by the semantics of the ethnonym and by the Mishar’s pronunciation of the root Agach as Akats, the Mishars historically ascend to Akatsirs (Agathirs, in Russian depicted as Akafirs), which were in Scythian time quite noted tribes in the Northern Black Sea area.
	tatar.yuldash.com /eng_173.html (9866 words)

	Foibles And Follies Of The English Language: Part 7
		Ethnonyms, demonyms and similar words are a mess in the English language.
		An ‘ethnonym’ is a noun or adjective denoting the people of a given ethnic group.
		In many cases, an ethnonym or demonym may be used as either an adjective or a noun: American, Mexican, Brazilian, German and Greek.
	www.useless-knowledge.com /1234/06dec/article007.html (635 words)

	TürkicWorld - White Huns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		As definitives of the secondary Türkic ethnonyms are the words expressing "mountain or wooded mountains" tau (with variations: tu, tuu, dag, tag).
		In the ethnonyms Tagar (Tochar), Dagar, Dagarma (-ма is Hebrew plural affix), Taulas (Tauly As) the definitions of the primary ethnonyms Ar and As serve the words tau, dag "mountain", tauly "mountainous".
		That k'u in the ethnonym of the K'uchak/Kypchak (K'uman) has a meaning ‘white, reddish, blond-haired’, is also evidenced by the white (yellow) and non-white (not yellow) peoples we observe among the multitude of the Türkic peoples.
	s155239215.onlinehome.us /turkic/23Avars/AvarEthnonymEn.htm (1491 words)

	Yugur Ethnonyms
		The ethnonyms Yoghïr and Yoghor derive from Uygur, the name of a Turkic speaking people that is already attested in ancient Turkic documents.
		Sometimes the colours refer to a specific dress code, as for instance with the ethnonym Karakalpak or Black Cap(s); and sometimes the colour may be taken symbolically, as for instance with the dynastic name Kök Turks or Celestial Turks (kök meaning blue, and by extension, sky).
		This ethnonym is already attested in ancient Turkic writings, meaning merchant and later on town dweller, and is ultimately a loanword from Sanskrit.
	www.lahana.org /blog/Uygur.htm (929 words)

	[No title]
		Due to the specificity of the Crimean Tatar ethnic genesis, other ethnonyms arc also in use; they have now lost their concrete ethnic content and are, rather, a memory, perception, pejorative name, a supplementary term and, very rarely, a group indicator: Nogay, Tat, Kazan, Kipchak, Liz, Kazakh.
		As regards the ethnonym as a marker of ethnicity, there are traces of internal ethnic differentiation among the Tatars as part of - and, at the same time, in opposition to their collective identity.
		This is a classical case of the adoption of an ethnonym as a name of a profession.
	members.fortunecity.com /timurberk/kirim/ttrbg/tammakale.doc (4674 words)

	Ethnological Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The situation is different for the Nu Nationality of China, which is in fact made up of different groups, each having their own ethnonym and exhibiting important linguistic and cultural differences.
		In these two cases, ethnonyms appear to have an existence through time and despite migrations to an area other than that designated by the name itself.
		However, the common feature is still that such ethnonyms are in fact names of valleys they have inhabited.
	victoria.linguistlist.org /~lapolla/rda/EO.htm (3631 words)

	ETHNOGENESIS OF THE SLAVS IN THE LIGHT OF LINGUISTIC STUDIES
		Given that the majority of names of major rivers found in the areas at present settled by Slavs are not directly Slavic in origin the value of hydronymic material is much less appreciated than in the past.
		In such case the original ethnonym Slovene would have been understood as the people speaking in a language which can be understood.
		Under this interpretation it bas to be assumed that the ethnonym developed in an environment of long-lived linguistic proximity of all Slavs and ease of communication between various tribes.
	www.rkp-montreal.org /en/03halina.html (758 words)

	ethn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In the opinion of G. Tsereteli, the similarity between Georgian (Iberian) and Gurganian (the south-east Caspian region) ethnonyms must not be considered as a mere coincidence (46, 102f.).
		The substitution between k and s is known in Georgian phonetics, and therefore the ethnonym somekhi is thought to be the later form of komekhi (49, 44).
		Anyway, the Anatolian descendance of the Armenian and Georgian ethnonyms which were many centuries used by them to designate each other, are the evidence of the long, but vanished, Anatolian past of these two nowadays Transcaucasian nations.
	www.geocities.com /komblege/ethn.htm (3683 words)

	A. Rorlich - Origin of the Volga Tatars
		In addition to this, however, they used such ethnonyms as Kazanis (Kazanli), Bulgars, and Mishars, as well as Tatars, and were identified as such by Russians and other peoples.
		Preference for ethnonyms other than Tatar may have represented a reaction to the popular, as well as scholarly and official, identification of the Volga Tatars with the Mongol Tatars of the thirteenth century.
		Although there is no consensus on this issue among scholars, little has changed in their positions since the nineteenth century, which makes the task of identifying the basic theses less forbidding than the task of determining the ethnogenesis itself.
	members.tripod.com /~Groznijat/fadlan/rorlich1.html (2937 words)

	Uyghur - China-related Topics UU-UZ - China-Related Topics
		Their ethnonym Huihu is the origin of the term Huihui (回回) used for Muslims which is now used for the Hui nationality in China.
		With conversion to Islam the traditional ethnonym Uyghur was dropped and the ancestors of modern Uyghurs identified themselves by the terms Turki and Musulman.
		Modern usage of the Uyghur ethnonym as refering to the descendant settled Turkic urban oasis-dwelling and agricultural population of Xinjiang is widely credited as having first occured in 1921 with the establishment of the Organization of Revolutionary Uyghur (Inqilawi Uyghur Itipaqi), a Communist nationalist movement with intellectual and organizational ties to the Soviet Union.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Uyghur (720 words)

	LINGUIST List 8.863: Postdoc, Journal, Shor
		The ethnonym was introduced by the academician V. Radlov at the end of the nineteenth century.
		The ethnonym, which came to be used officially, was originally the name of one of the Turkic family clans or tribes (sooks) who spoke rather similar Turkic dialects.
		As the official and native name oftthis ethnos, the ethnonym spread in the mid-1^30's, during the beginning of the national cansolidation of the Turkic Sayan-Altay ethnic groups.
	www.linguistlist.org /issues/8/8-863.html (2084 words)

	[No title]
		Old Rus?ian chroniclers did not apply the ethnonym Jas with regard to the inhabitants of Eastern Europe in the second half of the 12th — beginning of the 13th century.
		Therefore the ethnogeny of the Jases of the Eastern European steppes in the 10th-12th centuries should be associated first of all with the descendants of Sarmatians-Alans and not with the early Medieval Alans of the Northern Caucasus.
		He considers that the term "Jas" is the Huno-Bulgarian variant of the ethnonym "As".
	www.kroraina.com /alan/gilan_uar_net_nasu_ios_summary1.html (4384 words)

	EJAB 10: Central and East Africa
		The ethnonym Ngombe designates an ethnic group living in the equatorial region of the Democratique Republic of Congo (former Zaire) as well as the language spoken by that group.
		The main objective of the author of this article is to demonstrate that these ethnonyms are two variants of the same ethnonym and designate, eo facto, the same ethnic group of the former Kongo kingdom.
		The starting point of Van Bulck’s two-part study is the observation formulated in the introduction that ethnonyms and linguonyms are subject to various spelling systems; some variations are due to differences in spelling and some others to the variability of the names themselves.
	sdrc.lib.uiowa.edu /ejab/10/ccentralandeast.html (3827 words)

	Turkic World - KIPCHAKS - Table of Contents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In Russian studies of the Eastern geographical sources of Middle Ages, the ethnonym Sakaliba is not mentioned at all, it is translated by the word "Slavs".
		Thus, in the Arabian and Persian sources the ethnonym Sakaliba is the Arabian copy of the ethnonym Kuman or Kipchak (Kuchak).
		There was no change of the peoples, varied only the ethnonyms, for in the different periods of history the ruling group among a multitude of Türkic peoples was at times one, at times another group.
	s155239215.onlinehome.us /turkic/26Kipchaks/SakalibaEn.htm (5472 words)

	BEST - Black European Studies - - Database - Empirical Research: Subjects and Objects - A language behaviour as a ...
		study, the important role played by the generic designations or ethnonyms (White, Black,...) in defining of individuals or groups and in the identification to those groups is undeniable; they truly represent identity markers.
		The sociocultural and historical context (relations to fl people and to the fl colour in the French culture) also justifies our approach; this context leading globally to put fl people down and to depreciate what is fl.
		In the approach of the social identity, putting the emphasis on the contents of representation in addition to the several process in the definition of individuals and groups, we show that ethnonyms show to be inductors of the specific representations universe linked to the groups they refer to.
	www.best.uni-mainz.de /modules/AMS/article.php?storyid=115 (380 words)

	The Ingush People
		The term "Chechén" is a Russian ethnonym taken from the name of a lowlands Chechen village; "Chechnyá" is derived from that.
		Similarly, "Ingush" is not the self-designation but a Russian ethnonym based on the name of the village Angusht; the Ingush call themselves Ghalghaaj (historically the name of a clan confederation, see below).
		These various groups that call themselves vaj naax are united by a common language family and many common customs, but this overarching ethnic identity is not quite the same thing as a national identity; the traditional notions of Ghalghaaj (Ingush) and Noxchuo (Chechen) correspond remarkably closely to the modern notion of national identity.
	ingush.berkeley.edu:7012 /ingush_people.html (3730 words)

	Wikinfo \| Avars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Excavations of their graves have yielded evidence that they were a mongolian people who carried objects usually associated with Hebraic culture and it has been suggested that their center of control was actually in Khazaria rather than the Ukraine or Pannonia.
		As Kabarids (or Kavarites) they also seem to have left their ethnonym in certain towns they founded like for example the Kopyrev Konets district of Kiev in the Ukraine which has been explained from their ethnonym.
		The so-called Avar Ring was defeated by Franks led by Charlemagne in the 9th century whereupon the three major tribes invited the Magyar seven-tribe confederacy to liberate them.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Avar (1456 words)

	Ethnologue report for ISO 639 code: kac
		It is an ethnonym (that is, an ethnic cover term) that refers to a collective sense of identity that crosses linguistic boundaries.
		The identity is based on historic and cultural affiliation and not on linguistic genetic relationship.
		The label, however, should be changed to "Jingpho"; if the label includes "Kachin", then clarification is needed so that users do not confuse "Kachin" as a language name with "Kachin" as an ethnonym.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_iso639.asp?code=kac (302 words)

	Anishinaabe or Anishnawbe: Origin of an Ethnonym from Bill Casselman's Canadian Word of the Day
		The Ojibwe root stems of this mighty name are fascinating, especially as they relate this ethnonym to worldwide creation myths.
		An ethnonym is the proper name a people or ethnic group call themselves.
		The changes that may befall a human uttered sound are manifold but finite and studiable, whether one speak Hawaiian or Hittite; and the vowel gradations necessary in Ojibwe to countenance the ‘man-lowered’ etymology are--not to put too fine a point upon the matter--impossible.
	www.billcasselman.com /unpublished_works/anishinaabe.htm (1086 words)

	ethnonym - OneLook Dictionary Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		We found 4 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word ethnonym:
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "ethnonym" is defined.
		ethnonym : The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=ethnonym (80 words)

	Wikinfo \| Han Chinese
		The name comes from the Han Dynasty which ruled the parts of China where Han Chinese originate.
		Many Uighurs, either disparagingly call the Han Chinese Anangga ski Hanzular or apply on them the historical ethnonym of Hitay (Khitan), originally belonging to a Confucian, but Mongolic state that once lorded over the Turkic Kara-Khanids.
		It is interesting the note that the designations for the Chinese in the Russian and Mongol languages today, Kitaj and Khyatad, respectively, derives from the original Mongolic ethnonym, yielding these nations' perception of the Chinese State's northern nomad, Altaic origin.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Han_Chinese (793 words)

	Chechen Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The term "Chechen" is a Russian ethnonym taken from the name of a lowlands Chechen village; "Chechnya" is derived from that.
		Similarly, "Ingush" is not the self-designation but a Russian ethnonym based on a village name; the Ingush call themselves Ghalghay.
		The Chechens are the largest North Caucasian group and the second largest Caucasian group (after the Georgians).
	www.naqshbandi.net /haqqani/sufi/chechen_socity.html (1486 words)

	Iranica.com - LULUBI
		Apart from the above-mentioned form, there is also a shorter form of this ethnonym from the second millennium BCE onwards, namely Lullu, Lullim (for spellings and variants see Fincke, 1993, pp.
		of the ethnonym (whose function, if any, eludes us) is identical with the animate plural marker /p/ in Elamite.
		On a purely descriptive level, the segmentation of the ethnonym into Lullu- and -bi is defensible, in view of the synchronic occurrences of forms with and without the second component.
	www.iranica.com /newsite/articles/ot_grp9/ot_lulubi_20051223.html (2390 words)

	Web Guide for Native American Religions
		A good first place to start is to identify possible culture group names for your search, using an ethnonym index.
		The index that appears is an Ethnonym index, which should allow you to identify various names for tribal and cultural groups.
		A paper-based Ethnonym Index can be found in volume 10 of the Encyclopedia of World Cultures, which is listed below.
	www.library.uiuc.edu /edx/natamreligion/nar.htm (2418 words)

	the bashkir language.
		Since that time the ethnonym Bashkort has become unanimously accepted.
		There exist a great many hypotheses on the origin of the ethnonym Bashkort, the most accepted being the following versions: a) Bas+kor+t "principal tribe, people; b)"Bash+ qOrd "Head Order".
		The ferst written language based upon the Runic.
	members.lycos.nl /bashkort/tele/bashlaung.htm (746 words)

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