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Topic: Ethylene glycol

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	ATSDR - MMG: Ethylene Glycol
		Ethylene glycol is produced commercially in large amounts and widely used as an antifreeze and de-icer.
		Ethylene glycol is a dehydrating agent and is mildly irritating to the skin and mucous membranes after prolonged contact.
		Ethylene glycol is a mild respiratory tract irritant.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /MHMI/mmg96.html (4567 words)

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		Ethylene glycol is a federal hazardous air pollutant and was identified as a toxic air contaminant in April 1993 under AB 2728.
		Ethylene glycol is slightly soluble in ether and practically insoluble in benzene and its homologs, chlorinated hydrocarbons, petroleum ether, and oils (Merck, 1989).
		Ethylene glycol is used as an antifreeze, as a heat transfer agent, in polyester fiber and film manufacture, as a deicer, and as a solvent (HSDB, 1991).
	www.scorecard.org /chemical-profiles/html/ethylene_glycol.html (627 words)

	Ethylene Glycol and Propylene Glycol: Health Information Summary
		Releases of ethylene glycol to the environment are widespread, with the major source being the disposal of used antifreeze and de-icing solutions and, secondarily, by industry during its production.
		As a comparison of acute toxicity in animals, the dose of ethylene glycol that was lethal to 50 percent of rats ranged from 4,000-9,000 parts per million (ppm) of body weight compared to 8,000-46,000 ppm in rats given propylene glycol.
		Because neither ethylene glycol nor propylene glycol has undergone a comprehensive evaluation of its carcinogenic potential, they would both be classified as Group D carcinogens, "inadequate evidence to classify," under the old U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cancer guidelines and "inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential" under the new guidelines.
	www.des.state.nh.us /factsheets/ehp/ard-ehp-12.htm (1098 words)

	Ethylene glycol intoxication
		Ethylene glycol may be ingested accidentally, or it may be consumed deliberately in a suicide attempt or as a substitute for drinking alcohol (ethanol).
		Ethylene glycol toxicity results when enzymes in the liver metabolize (break down) ethylene glycol into smaller compounds, which deposit in body tissue and cause damage.
		Ethylene glycol toxicity should be suspected in anyone who is severely ill after drinking an unknown substance, especially if they initially appear drunk without the characteristic breath odor of drinking alcohol (ethanol).
	www.adam.com /democontent/hie/ency/article/000774.htm (658 words)

	eMedicine - Toxicity, Ethylene Glycol : Article by Daniel C Keyes, MD, MPH
		Ethylene glycol is a relatively common cause of overdose in American emergency departments.
		Although the parent compound, ethylene glycol, may cause some alteration of mental status, it is a relatively nontoxic compound before it is metabolized.
		Serum osmolality: Because ethylene glycol levels are not reported in a clinically helpful fashion in most institutions, ethylene glycol exposure level is often estimated through measurement of the serum osmolality.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic177.htm (3052 words)

	Ethylene Glycol \| Technology Transfer Network Air Toxics Web site \| US EPA
		Ethylene glycol has many uses, including as antifreeze in cooling and heating systems, in hydraulic brake fluids, and as a solvent.
		Acute animal tests in rats, mice, rabbits, and guinea pigs have demonstrated ethylene glycol to have moderate acute toxicity by inhalation or dermal exposure and low to moderate acute toxicity by ingestion.
		Ethylene glycol occurs as a clear, slightly viscous liquid that is completely miscible with water.
	www.epa.gov /ttn/atw/hlthef/ethy-gly.html (1117 words)

	Ethylene Glycol
		In an ethylene glycol poisoning, once crystals are found in the urine, kidney damage has already begun.
		Before or after that time period, a false negative test result may be obtained since either the ethylene glycol has not yet entered the bloodstream, or it has already been broken down into its metabolites.
		Cats: 0.64 ml per pound of body weight (1 teaspoon of ethylene glycol diluted 50:50 with water in radiator fluid is toxic to the average-sized cat).
	www.peteducation.com /article.cfm?cls=2&cat=1938&articleid=2242 (656 words)

	Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Etehr, Butyl Glycol, Butyl Cellosolve, , 2-Butoxy Ethanol
		Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether is chemically known as a Butyl Glycol, 1-n-Butoxy-2-hydroxyethane, n-butyl (2-hydroxyethyl) ether.
		Small quantities of Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether improves both the flow and dilution capacity of the lacquers and also enhance the gloss of the resultant lacquer films.
		Since Butyl Glycol (2-Butoxy Ethanol) dries lacquer coatings very slowly, it is ideal for the preparation of brushing lacquers based on cellulose esters, cellulose ethers and chlorinated rubber.
	www.advancepetro.com /egmbe.htm (256 words)

	Ethylene glycol (CASRN 107-21-1) \| IRIS \| US EPA
		Chronic toxicity and oncogenicity studies of ethylene glycol in rats and mice.
		(1985) reported that exposure of male and female mice to 1.0% ethylene glycol in drinking water for 14 weeks resulted in significantly fewer litters, decreased mean live pup weight, and decreased number of live pups/litter.
		The developmental toxicity of ethylene glycol in rats and mice.
	www.epa.gov /iriswebp/iris/subst/0238.htm (1111 words)

	Products and Distribution - Ethylene Glycol
		The ethylene glycol unit has a capacity of 400,000 tonnes per year.
		Combining Union Carbide's advanced METEOR™ process and EQUATE's world-class supply chain management, we are the supplier of choice for ethylene glycol in the markets we serve.
		Ethylene glycol is a primary constituent in polyester fibre, which is the highest volume synthetic textile fibre produced.
	www.equate.com /products_ethylene.htm (197 words)

	NEJM -- Fomepizole for the Treatment of Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
		glycol, uniformly fell after the initiation of fomepizole therapy.
		McMartin, K. E., Wallace, K. Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate, a Metabolite of Ethylene Glycol, Is Toxic for Rat Renal Mitochondrial Function.
		Cruzan, G., Corley, R. A., Hard, G. C., Mertens, J. M., McMartin, K. E., Snellings, W. M., Gingell, R., Deyo, J. Subchronic Toxicity of Ethylene Glycol in Wistar and F-344 Rats Related to Metabolism and Clearance of Metabolites.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/short/340/11/832 (703 words)

	Brake fluid, Antifreeze Coolant, Glycol Ethers - Advance Petrochemicals Ltd.
		Initially this company had started as partner- ship concern and formed a public limited company in 1985.
		First the company had concentrated on textile and leather industries but gradually it’s started manufacturing various products based upon Ethylene Oxide.
		Manufacturing unit of company is situated in outskirt of Ahmedabad.
	www.advancepetro.com /aboutus.htm (502 words)

	Brake Fluid, Antifreeze Coolant :: Advance Petrochemicals Ltd ::
		Therefore, 100% water has spoiled the coolant system due to corrosion and scale.
		The evaporation rate of water is higher in comparison with Glycols so the topping and the addition of water is required many times than other materials and each time it leaves a more scale in the system.
		The distilled and demineralise water have own their problems like affinity to the Aluminium metal etc. The Freezing point of water is 0º C and in the world there are so many regions where the temperature goes below 0º C in winter and the water is freezed in vehicles and became non- operative.
	www.advancepetro.com /faq.htm (881 words)

	Safety and Health Topics: Ethylene Glycol
		IMIS Name History: Ethylene Glycol, Particulate prior to 9/1/89; Ethylene Glycol, Vapor prior to 9/1/89
		Note: Exposure by ingestion can be determined by urinalysis for oxalic acid, a metabolite of ethylene glycol.
		NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Ethylene Glycol.
	www.osha.gov /dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH_240404.html (260 words)

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