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	The Internet Classics Archive \| Eumenes by Plutarch
		This vision Eumenes interpreted at once as boding success to himself, who was to fight for a fruitful country, and at that very time covered with the young ears, the whole being sown with corn, and the fields so thick with it that they made a beautiful show of a long peace.
		Eumenes, transported with passion and his inveterate hatred to him, fell to reviling and stripping him, and perceived not that his sword was still in his hand.
		Eumenes, having commended them, retired to his tent, and telling his friends he lived among a herd of wild beasts, made his will, and tore up all his letters, lest his correspondents after his death should be questioned or punished on account of anything in his secret papers.
	classics.mit.edu /Plutarch/eumenes.html (3775 words)

	Plutarch: Life of Eumenes - translation
		Eumenes in his heart sided with the phalanx, but in appearance stood neutral, as a person perfectly indifferent; saying, it did not become him, who was a stranger, to interfere in the disputes of the Macedonians.
		Eumenes, with all the eagerness of inveterate hatred, hastened to strip him of his arms, and, loading him with reproaches, did not observe that his sword was still in his hand; so that Neoptolemus wounded him under the cuirass, where it touches upon the groin.
		Eumenes won this battle about ten days after the former; and it raised him to a high rank of honour, because it brought him renown both for capacity and courage; but, at the same time, it exposed him to the envy and hatred both of his allies and his enemies.
	www.attalus.org /old/eumenes.html (7489 words)

	Eumenes - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		He was a native of Cardia in the Thracian Chersonese.
		Eumenes, betrayed to them by one of his own officers, fled to Nora, a strong fortress on the border between Cappadocia and Lycaonia, where he held out for more than a year, until the death of Antipater threw his opponents into disarray.
		Plutarch - the main surviving biography of Eumenes is by Plutarch.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Eumenes (634 words)

	Diadochi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Although Eumenes defeated the rebels in Asia Minor, in a battle at which Craterus was killed, it was all for nought, as Perdiccas himself was murdered by his own generals Peithon, Seleucus, and Antigenes during an invasion of Egypt.
		Polyperchon allied himself to Eumenes in Asia, but was driven from Macedonia by Cassander, and fled to Epirus with the infant king Alexander IV and his mother Roxane.
		After great battles at Paraitacene in 317 BC and at Gabiene in 316 BC, Eumenes was eventually betrayed and murdered by his own troops in 315 BC, leaving Antigonus in undisputed control of the Asian territories of the Empire.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wars_of_the_Diadochi (2422 words)

	books about: macedonian (macedonian-english mediterranean intermediate) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Eumenes of Cardia: A Greek Among Macedonians (Ancient Mediterranean and Medieval Texts and Contexts, Part 1.
		Eumenes of Cardia was a royal secretary who, in the years following the death of Alexander the Great became a major contender for power.
		Eumenes was born in the Greek city of Cardia and lived during a period dominated by native-born Macedonians, and his defeat and death...
	www.very-clever.com /books/macedonian (788 words)

	Eumenes of Cardia Part 1/2
		We know nothing of Eumenes’ early life before he became a friend of Philip II of Macedon (342 BC) and then his secretary, apart from the fact that he came from Cardia, in the Thracian Chersonnese.
		Eumenes was given a military command during Alexander’s expedition to India (327-326).
		Despite, or perhaps because of, this lack of cordiality between them, Eumenes was one of the most extravagant in his mourning for Hephaistion after his death (324), and this increased Alexander’s regard for him.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/18302/109462 (424 words)

	Alexander the Great - Sources
		The chief and most influential commanders of the latter were Perdiccas the son of Orontes, Leonnatus the son of Anthes, Ptolemaeus the son of Lagus, Lysimachus the son of Agathocles, Aristonus the son of Pisaeus, Pithon the son of Crateuas, Seleucus the son of Antiochus, and Eumenes of Cardia.
		Eumenes of Cardia favoured Cleopatra, but his brother Alcetas persuaded him to accept Nicaea.
		Eumenes did his best to prevent his own men from knowing that Craterus was fighting against him, being afraid that, influenced by his great reputation, they might either desert to him, or, if they remained faithful to him, might lose heart.
	websfor.org /alexander/arrian/successors.asp (2047 words)

	Arrianus, Phlegon and other Greek historians
		Eumenes, one of the cleverest of the generals and successors of Alexander, maintained a genuine devotion to Alexander even after Alexander's death.
		How Eumenes nearly came to blows with Antipater on his arrival at Sardes, but Cleopatra, Alexander's sister, to prevent the Macedonian people accusing her of being the cause of the war, persuaded Eumenes to leave Sardes.
		Eumenes, having unexpectedly attacked those who did not acknowledge his authority, collected much booty and money, which he distributed amongst his soldiers.
	www.attalus.org /translate/fgh.html (5330 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2003.06.30
		While Eumenes did make known his link to Philip III and Alexander IV, this does not necessarily mean that he was really any more loyal to the Argead dynasty than his Macedonian rivals: the deceased king Alexander was the focal point of Eumenes' cult, not the king's living successors.
		Once again, the author maintains that Eumenes' actions were dictated not simply by a strong sense of loyalty towards Perdiccas and the Argead dynasty: Eumenes could expect to have a greater degree of independence as a satrap under Perdiccas than, for example, as a follower of Antipater (p.
		The resultant picture of Eumenes is of a more 'complex' individual than has been presented in earlier studies, one who indeed attempted to assert his leadership in the political turmoil following Alexander's death and was not overly hindered (or did not allow himself to be hindered) by his Greek heritage.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2003/2003-06-30.html (2088 words)

	Eumenes of Cardia Part 2/2
		However, five days was not enough for Eumenes to gather his scattered forces.
		When, in another battle, Eumenes defeated Antigonus but lost his baggage train, Teutamus, the commander of the Argyraspids, entered into negotiations with Antigonus to get the baggage back.
		Now that he had Eumenes as a prisoner, Antigonus was uncertain what to do with him.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/ancient_biographies/109463/2 (298 words)

	The Diadochi: The siege of Nora
		After a long conversation (in which Eumenes made no mention of his own pardon and security but required that he should be confirmed in his territories and restitution should be made him of the rewards of his service) all that were present were astonished at his courage and gallantry.
		He, therefore, sent Hieronymus [5] to treat with him, proposing a certain oath, which Eumenes first corrected, and then referred himself to the Macedonians themselves that besieged him, to be judged by them, which of the two forms was the most equitable.
		Hieronymus of Cardia (360-256[!]) became the secretary of Eumenes and -later- Antigonus Monophthalmus, Demetrius I Poliorcetes and Antigonus II Gonatas.
	www.livius.org /di-dn/diadochi/diadochi_t09.html (940 words)

	GBoH Cappadocia scenario
		In Asia Minor the task to face the rebels was left to Eumenes of Cardia, the ex Greek Alexander’s secretary, nominated by Perdiccas as Satrap of Cappadocia; to Alketas, Perdiccas’ brother and Satrap of Pisidia; to Neoptolemos, chief of the Hypaspists, now Satrap of Armenia; all of them supported by Cleitus fleet, Satrap of Lidia.
		Eumenes feared that is army, particularly the infantry, consisting of a fair amount of Macedonians, could desert to the enemy, subjugated by Craterus’ charisma: in order to avoid it, Eumenes kept secret to his army the identity of the enemy General saying that the action was a Neoptolemos’s redemption attempt.
		Eumenes deployed his infantry in the rear, took command of the right wing cavalry along with his personal guard, put the left wing cavalry (that included Greeks, Indians and Thraces) under the command of Pharnabazus and Phoenix of Tenedos with the order to charge the enemy as soon as it was sighted.
	patriot.net /~townsend/GBoH/Modules/cappadocia-english.html (805 words)

	Eumenes - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		EUMENES [Eumenes], c.361-316 BC, secretary to Philip II of Macedon and to Alexander the Great.
		In the wars of the Diadochi he threw in his lot with Perdiccas and thus was opposed by Antipater, Antigonus I, Ptolemy I, and Craterus.
		However, the death of Perdiccas (321 BC) deprived Eumenes of all dependable support.
	encyclopedia.com /html/E/Eumenes.asp (299 words)

	Arrian of Nicomedia
		the son of Anthes, Ptolemy the son of Lagus, Lysimachus the son of Agathocles, Aristonus the son of Pisaeus, Peithon the son of Crateuas, Seleucus the son of Antiochus, and Eumenes of Cardia.
		The part of Syria adjacent was given to Laomedon; Cilicia to Philotas; Media to Peithon; Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, and the country on the shore of the Euxine as far as Trapezus (a Greek colony from Sinope), to Eumenes of Cardia; Pamphylia, Lycia, and greater Phrygia to Antigonus; Caria to Cassander;
		Arridaeus, who kept the body of Alexander with him, contrary to the wish of Perdiccas, took it from Babylon by way of Damascus to Ptolemy the son of Lagus in Egypt; and though often hindered on his journey by Polemon, a friend of Perdiccas, nevertheless succeeded in carrying out his intention.
	www.livius.org /arl-arz/arrian/metalex.html (2690 words)

	Amazon.fr : Eumenes of Cardia: A Greek Among Macedonians: Livres en anglais: Edward Anson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Amazon.fr : Eumenes of Cardia: A Greek Among Macedonians: Livres en anglais: Edward Anson
		Eumenes was born in the Greek city of Cardia and lived during a period dominated by native-born Macedonians, and his defeat and death have traditionally been attributed to his having "Greek" rather than Macedonian origins.
		This book argues, however, that as a result of the actions of Macdonian monarchs, Macedonia was a land in which large numbers of a variety of people were successfully amalgamated into a single state.
	www.amazon.fr /Eumenes-Cardia-Greek-Among-Macedonians/dp/0391042092 (280 words)

	Anazarbus
		Navarza.) an ancient Cilician city, situated in the Aleian plain[?] about 10 miles west of the main stream of the Pyramus[?] (Jihun) and near its tributary the Sempas Su.
		Though some of the masonry in the ruins is certainly pre-Roman, Suidas's identification of it with Cyinda[?], famous as a treasure city in the wars of Eumenes of Cardia[?], cannot be accepted in the face of Strabo's express location of Cyinda in western Cilicia.
		Under the early Roman empire the place was known as Caesarea, and was the metropolis of Cilicia Secunda[?].
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/an/Anazarbus.html (312 words)

	The Hellenistice World (323 - 30 B.C.)
		The soldiers discounted Eumenes of Cardia, who bore the main responsibility for civil administration, but he knew more about the empire than anyone else.
		Then, in 319, Antipater died and was succeeded by a senior commander but maladroit politician named Polyperchon, who tried to win the Greeks of the mainland by a new proclamation of their liberties.
		Eumenes, allied with Polyperchon, challenged Antigonus and secured Babylon, but he was betrayed and killed in 316.
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /imperialism/notes/hellenistic.html (4418 words)

	HighBeam Research: Library Search: Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition; Aug 15, 2006; 93 Words EUMENES [Eumenes], c.361-316 BC, secretary to Philip II of Macedon and to Alexander the...
		Characteristic is the family solidarity of Eumenes, his mother Apollonis, and his three brothers, which gave unusual inner strength to the dynasty.
		According to Pliny, parchment was discovered in the 2nd century BC by Eumenes II of Pergamum after the Ptolemies had banned the export of papyrus from Egypt in an attempt to prevent the growth of the Pergamene...
	www.highbeam.com /library/search.asp?refid=ency_botresults&q=Eumenes (968 words)

	Eumenes
		Eumenes wounded him in the ham, and got upon his feet before him.
		Antigonus, and the Macedonians commended Eumenes, imputing it to
		Eumenes was out of health, to that degree that he was carried in
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/Bios/Plutarch/Eumenes.html (6865 words)

	Eumenes of Cardia - WCD (Wiki Classical Dictionary) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Eumenes of Cardia - WCD (Wiki Classical Dictionary)
		Eumenês) was born in Cardia, on the Thracian Chersonese, but he spent most of his life at the Macedonian court, in the service of Philip II and Alexander the Great.
		This page was last modified 21:21, 4 Mar 2006.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /wcd/Eumenes_of_Cardia (139 words)

	Lecture Notes for Week Fourteen
		Eumenes brought some of his light cavalry on his left over to the right to counteratack, and, with the support of light infantry were able to rout Pithon's wing and pursue it to the foothills
		Eumenes still tried to push forward, but in the hard struggle that ensued Eumenes' force was overcome by Antigonus' numbers
		Eumenes' center, meanwhile, had managed to rout part of Antigonus' phalanx, and having made a break in the line began to roll up the rest of it
	ccwf.cc.utexas.edu /~warfare/Lectures/lect14.html (4319 words)

	Seleucus I Nicator (358/4 - 281 B.C.)
		When the empire was divided in 321, he was given the governorship (satrapy) of Babylon.
		At the same time Antigonus Monophthalmus (the One-Eyed) had been placed in command of a campaign against Eumenes of Cardia, a supporter of Perdiccas.
		In 317 Seleucus aided Antigonus but, after Eumenes' execution in 316, Antigonus demanded that Seleucus give an accounting of the income from his satrapy.
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /imperialism/notes/seleucus.html (1004 words)

	sancnep1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		With us, indeed, scribes are considered hirelings, as in fact they are; in Greece, on the contrary, no one is accepted for such a position unless he is of respectable family and of proven fidelity and ability, since he is necessarily acquainted with all his superior's plans.
		This position of friendship with Philip Eumenes held for seven years.
		When Philip was assassinated, he held the same rank with Alexander for thirteen years.
	www.ucc.ie /staff/jprodr/macedonia/sancnep.html (136 words)

	Sati (practice) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aristobulus of Cassandreia, a Greek historian who traveled to India with the expedition of Alexander of Macedon, recorded the practice of sati at the city of Taxila.
		A later instance of voluntary co-cremation appears in an account of an Indian soldier in the army of Eumenes of Cardia, whose two wives vied to die on his funeral pyre, in 316 BC.
		The Greeks believed that the practice had been instituted to discourage wives from poisoning their husbands.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sati_(practice) (5124 words)

	BRILL
		For more information on astrolabes see for example:
		Home > Catalog > Browse by Subject > Eumenes of Cardia Eumenes of Cardia
		He has published extensively on the history of the early Hellenistic Age.
	www.brill.nl /m_catalogue_sub6_id18013.htm (362 words)

	Alexander the Great (TBA) : Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		On the ethnic tension between Macedonians and Greeks, referring to the episode of Eumenes of Cardia and his bid to reach the throne: "And if there were any doubt about the status of Greeks among the Macedonians the tragic career of Eumenes in the immediate Wars of succession should put it to rest.
		Here there is a relative abundance of information", writes Borza, "from Arrian, Plutarch (Alexander, Eumenes), Diodorus 17-20, Justin, Curtius Rufus, and Nepos (Eumenes), based upon Greek and Greek-derived Latin sources.
		However, even Eumenes took care that a vital message was conveyed to the phalangites of Neoptolemus by a man fluent in Macedonian (MAKEDONI/ZONTA TH]=FWNH]=:PSI 12.
	www.countingdown.com /movies/266054/board?viewpost=3527052 (2822 words)

	Amazon.ca: Eumenes of Cardia: A Greek Among Macedonians: Books: Edward Anson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Amazon.ca: Eumenes of Cardia: A Greek Among Macedonians: Books: Edward Anson
		Eumenes of Cardia: A Greek Among Macedonians (Hardcover)
		Publisher: learn how customers can search inside this book.
	www.amazon.ca /Eumenes-Cardia-Greek-Among-Macedonians/dp/0391042092 (111 words)

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