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Topic: European Capital of Culture

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	EUROPA - Culture - European capitals
		Designed to "contribute to bringing the peoples of Europe together", the European City of Culture project was launched, at the initiative of Melina Mercouri, by the Council of Ministers on 13 June 1985.
		The European Cities of Culture have been chosen until 2004, on an intergovernmental basis; the Member States unanimously selected cities worthy of hosting the event, and the European Commission awarded a grant each year to the city selected.
		For the time being, the European Capitals of Culture are designated each year by the Council of Ministers of the EU, on the basis of the view of a selection panel comprising seven prominent independent members, each of them experts in the culture sector.
	ec.europa.eu /culture/eac/other_actions/cap_europ/cap_eu_en.html (290 words)

	EUROPA - Culture - European Commission -European Capital of Culture
		The selection panel, which has to assess the proposals of cities to the European Capital of Culture title, plays an essential role in the process.
		All panel members have to be independent experts with no conflict of interest with the regard to the candidate cities and with substantial experience and expertise in the cultural sector, in the cultural development of cities or in the organisation of a Capital of Culture.
		European Capital of Culture for the years 2007 to 2019
	ec.europa.eu /culture/eac/ecocs/jury/jury_en.html (348 words)

	Culture and Audiovisual Media
		The European Union promotes culture in accordance with the subsidiarity principle, which means that the Community only takes action “if and in so far as the objectives of the proposed action cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States” (Article 5 of the EC Treaty).
		The “European capital of culture” aims to showcase the richness and diversity of European cultures and illustrate their common features, and at the same time contribute to bringing the peoples of Europe together.
		In view of the symbolic importance of the “European capital of culture”, the original decision was revised for the first time in 2005 as a result of enlargement, so that from 2009 a city from an “old” and a “new” Member State can be jointly nominated as “European capitals of culture”.
	www.eu2006.at /en/Policy_Areas/Education_Youth_and_Culture/Culture_and_audiovisual_media.html (2806 words)

	REGIERUNGonline - Essen chosen as European Capital of Culture for 2010
		Cultural diversity in the Ruhr region was a key factor in favor of Essen's bid, along with its emphasis on urbanism, identity, and integration.
		Being chosen European Capital of Culture for 2010 is a confirmation of the fact that Essen and the Ruhr region have been the scene of cultural highlights for many years now.
		The conversion of the former "Zollverein" pithead into a cultural center and American artist Jenny Holzer's installation of a light display in a mine shaft 1000 meters underground are cases in point.
	www.bundesregierung.de /nn_6516/Content/EN/Artikel/2006/04/2006-04-11-essen-chosen-as-european-capital-of-culture-for-2010.html (494 words)

	Vilnius - European Capital of Culture 2009 - Travel agency VISIT LITHUANIA
		The nominated city is announced the European Capital of Culture for one year and acquires the exceptional opportunity to promote its local culture within the European Union.
		The official designation of Vilnius as the European Capital of Culture 2009 by the European Council is expected to be announced in November of this year.
		European dimension – the programme has to be based on the collaboration of European countries, to highlight richness and diversity and emphasize the common aspects of the European cultures.
	www.visitlithuania.net /travelportal/cgi/page.cgi?p=eurocap (904 words)

	Travel Guides \| Vilnius to be European Capital of Culture in 2009
		European Capital of Culture is the most successful initiative of the European Union in the field of culture.
		By the decision of the European Commission, Vilnius was designated the title and responsibilities of European Capital of Culture 2009, along with Linz, Austria.
		Vilnius will attempt to create a new experience in the European Capital of Culture tradition whereby each and every citizen of the country will contribute his/ her ideas and initiatives to the development of the capital of culture programme.
	www.easier.com /view/Travel/Travel_Guides/article-107666.html (440 words)

	IN ENGLISH - Umeå 2014
		Umeå aims to be the European Capital of Culture 2014.
		A strong cultural profile attracts cultural workers and key employees to the business community, the public sector, and the universities; and it enhances the quality of life for all of Umeå's inhabitants.
		Culture is conducive to the development of revitalization and expansion.
	www.umea2014.se /inenglish.4.3c6cfe2710af5588bc7800019751.html (329 words)

	www.turku.fi » turku.fi
		According to a statement issued by a panel of experts nominated by the Ministry of Education, Turku's candidacy for the Capital of Culture is supported by the strength it has shown in careful planning, in a comprehensive and compelling application, and the city's connectedness to the Baltic cultural area.
		The Capital of Culture application entitled Turku on Fire will be updated and complemented; an updated English-language version will be submitted to the European Union at the end of the year.
		Turku strives to be the culture capital of all of Finland, and invites the country's top talent to join in the effort.
	www.turku.fi /Public/default.aspx?contentid=28964&nodeid=23 (532 words)

	SCADPlus: European Capital of Culture
		From 2009 onwards, the European Capital of Culture will be designated taking account of the enlargement of the European Union to 25 Member States and the list contained in Annex I to Decision No The chronological order may be altered by mutual agreement between the Member States concerned.
		Each city is to organise a programme of cultural events highlighting its own culture and cultural heritage as well as its place in the common cultural heritage, and involving people concerned with cultural activities from other European countries with a view to establishing lasting cooperation (Article 5).
		The European Union may contribute financially to the European Capital of Culture through its Culture 2000 framework programme by supporting individual events with a particular European dimension as part of the programme of festivities.
	europa.eu /scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l29005.htm (962 words)

	BBC - Liverpool - Capital of Culture - Patras European Capital of Culture 2006
		Athens was the first city to host the institution of the European Capital of Culture, in 1985.
		The city is hoping to use its European Capital of Culture status to promote creativity and build networks with artists from all over Greece and abroad.
		The idea behind the Institution of the European Capital of Culture is to provide a platform for the rebirth of a city with art and culture as the driving force.
	www.bbc.co.uk /liverpool/content/articles/2006/01/04/patras_capital_culture_feature.shtml (463 words)

	Essen Named European Capital of Culture for 2010 \| Culture & Lifestyle \| Deutsche Welle \| 11.04.2006
		When the European Union grew from 15 to 25 states in 2004, the bloc's culture ministers decided that from 2009 two cities would be annually designated European capital of culture -- one from the old member states and one from the new.
		European capitals of culture receive substantial EU funds which they can use to restore city centers and finance cultural programs.
		The towns of Görlitz in the East and Essen in the West are competing to be named European capital of culture in 2010, when it's Germany's turn to stand in the spotlight.
	www.dw-world.de /dw/article/0,2144,1966773,00.html (773 words)

	Euro Capital of Culture - Lunds kommun
		The European Capitals of Culture for 2014 are to be selected from among cities in Sweden and Latvia.
		The drive to become European Capital of Culture is an urban development project in a broad sense, which will include most aspects of the city's life.
		What the EU requires of Lund for the city to become European Capital of Culture is that during 2014 we implement a programme of cultural events emphasizing the city's culture and its cultural heritage, and also the city's position as part of the shared national and European cultural heritage.
	www.lund.se /kultur/Page____34229.aspx (469 words)

	SIBIU 2007 - European Capital of Culture
		The issue of the relationship of a specially conceived cultural programme to the ongoing cultural life of the city is a central theme to the organizers.
		The construction of the cultural programme is seen a hybrid affair, influenced by the sense of the city as a place, its objects and spaces and the skills of its artists and cultural workers.
		One of the key concepts of Sibiu 2007 European Capital of Culture is the sustainability of the programme – ensuring that the short term benefits remain also in the long run.
	www.sibiu2007.ro /en/strategia.htm (1630 words)

	New Statesman - Lessons for Liverpool
		The opening of the Capital of Culture information centre was delayed until half the year had already expired.
		The initial hope of Melina Mercouri, the former Greek minister of culture who instigated the concept in 1985, was to showcase European cities with a long-standing cultural heritage.
		If the European Capital of Culture designation is to have any meaningful resonance with the residents of each chosen city, the programme will need to address its multiple tensions - between cash and culture, and between local and European input.
	www.newstatesman.com /200607240036 (1060 words)

	Community, Culture & Leisure Committee European Capital of Culture, 2008
		There may be an opportunity to attract funding for capital projects for the area, such as improved arts and museum facilities.
		The initiative aims to raise the profile of the city through a year-long showcase of artistic and cultural events and activities.
		Wide recognition of the complementary cultures of the cities and the strengths that each could bring to the bid.
	www.bathnes.gov.uk /committee_papers/ccl/ccl010122/16europe.htm (1659 words)

	Department for Culture Media and Sport - capital of culture
		Working with the city’s cultural organisations, creative industries, artists, schools and businesses, the Company's aim is for 2008 to leave a lasting and positive legacy for the people of Liverpool including more jobs, a stronger economy and a better place to live.
		The purpose of the title is not simply to highlight existing cultural excellence, but to encourage cities to develop and innovate in the cultural field.
		The European Capital of Culture scheme also aims to promote European cultural co-operation and understanding, and therefore requires a city to mount a programme of European scale and significance.
	www.culture.gov.uk /what_we_do/Communities_local_government/cofc.htm (803 words)

	Turkey Hotels Reservation Guide hotels in istanbul antalya hotel marmaris hotels bodrum cappadocia online reservation ...
		With its unique character of being a mosaic of different cultures and civilizations, Istanbul is the European capital of culture for the year 2010.
		From 1985 to 2000 one city from the countries which were members of the European Union was selected each year as European Capital of Culture.
		To mark the start of the new millennium, from 2000 onwards the title of European Capital of Culture began to be given both to more than one city each year and to cities in countries which were candidates for EU membership.
	www.hotelle.com /europeancapital.asp (461 words)

	Lille 2004: european capital of culture - France.com
		Lille 2004: european capital of culture - France.com
		The Cultural Capitals of Europe were created by the Ministers of Culture of the European Community.
		To be named as Cultural Capital of Europe represents an unparalleled opportunity to assert the city's identity on the European cultural map, as well as generating important media and tourism interest.
	www.france.com /docs/292.html (109 words)

	Vilnius, the European Capital of Culture 2009
		In 1985, the European Capitals of Culture Programme was approved by the Council of EU Ministers upon the initiative of Melinda Mercouri, the Greek Minister of Culture of the time.
		It was unanimous to recommend Vilnius as the European Capital of Culture 2009 to the European Commission, the European Parliament and the European Union Council.
		An official document by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union confirming the status of the European Capital of Culture is expected by November 2005.
	www.lrkm.lt /index.php/en/39563 (349 words)

	ISTANBUL - EUROPEAN CAPITAL OF CULTURE 2010 Videos Of Turkey , Istanbul, Video , Free, View
		The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union for a period of one year during which it is given a chance to showcase its cultural life and cultural development.
		A number of European cities have used the City of Culture year to transform completely their cultural base and, in doing so, the way in which they are viewed internationally.
		Conceived as a means of bringing citizens of European Union (or EC, as then was) closer together, the European City of Culture was launched on June 13, 1985 by the Council of Ministers on the initiative of the Greek Minister of Culture Melina Mercouri.
	www.videosofturkey.com /video_details.asp?id=252 (418 words)

	Tampere Candidate for European Capital of Culture 2011 - What, why, how
		The designation 'European Capital of Culture' highlights the richness and diversity of European cultures and the features they share, and facilitates greater mutual acquaintance between European Union citizens.
		Tampere's capital of culture application is currently under preparation and it is now time to have your say.
		The application for European Capital of Culture 2011 will be delivered to the Ministry of Education by 1 March 2006.
	www.tampere.fi /2011/english/whatwhyhow.html (345 words)

	Welcome2Turkey.com - Discord threatens ‘Istanbul 2010: European Capital of Culture’ project
		The final decision by the European Union to select İstanbul as the European Capital of Culture in 2010 was announced on Nov. 13, 2006.
		Budget coordinator of the 2010 project Ahmet Çakaloz recalled the European Capital of Culture 2010 mission was taken on by a couple of sensible people that almost slept at the doors of public offices to include them in the project.
		He said the former capitals were more successful because the artists took on the responsibility in the process most of the time and the process was managed from one source.
	welcome2turkey.com /site/content/view/51/2 (1220 words)

	Liverpool City Council capital of culture
		The Liverpool Culture Company is the organisation set up by Liverpool City Council to deliver the culture programme up to and beyond 2008.
		Working with the city's cultural organisations, creative industries, artists, schools and businesses, its aim is for 2008 to leave a lasting and positive legacy for the people of Liverpool including more jobs, a stronger economy and a better place to live.
		There are endless business opportunities connected to Liverpool's status as European Capital of Culture in 2008 and 08businessconnect is the place to find out about them first.
	www.liverpool.gov.uk /Leisure_and_culture/Capital_of_culture/index.asp (575 words)

	Palmer Rae Associates - Capitals of Culture
		The role of respondents was vital to the report’s conclusions, and the future development of the European Capital of Culture programme, especially in view of the limited time available.
		Robert Palmer is one of the world-leading specialists in the Capital of Culture event.
		He has been invited twice by the European Commission to be on the jury selecting the Capital of Culture and was Chairman on both these occasions.
	www.palmer-rae.com /culturalcapitals.htm (676 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		During a miraculous break in a horrible weather pattern, 100,000 people took to the streets to celebrate the beginning of Cork’s tenure as European Capital of Culture.
		Enabling active engagement with the enlarged European Union and encouraging the hosting of diverse cultural events in the city, the delivery of the Programme was achieved through partnerships with the city’s festivals and existing cultural institutions, as well as community and voluntary groups in Cork and large numbers of cultural practitioners locally, nationally and internationally.
		The designation as European Capital of Culture presented a unique and important opportunity to showcase the city, bringing with it an unprecedented media focus on Cork on a local, national and international level.
	www.cork2005.ie /home/default.asp (584 words)

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