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	European Court of Justice - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The European Court of Justice (ECJ) is formally known as the 'Court of Justice of the European Communities', i.e.
		The ECJ is the supreme court of the European Union.
		The ECJ is feared by some Eurosceptics, due to its ruling in 2001 that parts of the German constitution were illegal as being incompatible with the EU treaties.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/European_Court_of_Justice (657 words)

	European Court of Justice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		European Court of Justice, judicial branch of the
		By the early 1990s, the court was composed of 9 advocates general and 15 judges—one judge from each of the EU nations.
		All members of the court are appointed for renewable six-year terms by agreement among the EU nations.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0817886.html (192 words)

	EU - Trademark Cases before the European Court of Justice
		The court decided that the rights given by Article 7 should not be confined to a simple right to resell the goods under the trademark but also included the right to "use the trademark in order to bring to the public's attention the further commercialization of those goods".
		The court specifically noted that in the case of luxury goods resellers should endeavor to prevent their advertising from "affecting the value of the mark by detracting from the allure and prestigious image of the goods in question and from their aura of luxury".
		The Court held that because there is "continuity in terms of their functions between the Examiner and the Board of Appeal," the board should have been willing to consider the evidence and either decide on its effect itself or remand the case to the examiner for further consideration.
	www.ladas.com /BULLETINS/1999/0899Bulletin/EU_TrademarkCases.html (2225 words)

	The Court of Justice - European Public Health Alliance
		The European Court of Justice has ruled that individuals with non-university dental training of three years’ duration are not entitled to engage in their occupation under the name of dental practitioner or dentist.
		The European Court of Justice has stated that Austria failed to protect workers by not adopting the necessary legislation to fully implement the Council Directive on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens at work and extending it to mutagens (1999/38/EC).
		The European Court of Justice (ECJ) has ruled that granting maintenance assistance on condition that students are settled in the country is incompatible with the Community Law, because it implies discrimination on grounds of nationality.
	www.epha.org /r/20 (1393 words)

	The European Court of Justice
		The Court thus ultimately succeeded in its endeavor: indeed, with the exception of the German and Italian courts, the Court's assertion of its power to review Community acts for compliance with fundamental rights was for the most part welcomed by Community institutions and Member States alike.
		It is not surprising that the Court would have chosen to avoid this question, [116] given the particularly sensitive nature of the abortion issue and the lack of consensus among Member States regarding it.
		The European Court of Human Rights upheld their claim, finding that the injunction issued in that case was disproportionate to the aim to be achieved by Ireland.
	www.jeanmonnetprogram.org /papers/95/9504ind.html (15686 words)

	AllRefer.com - European Court of Justice (International Organizations) - Encyclopedia
		European Court of Justice, judicial branch of the European Union (EU).
		By the early 1990s, the court was composed of 9 advocates general and 15 judges : one judge from each of the EU nations.
		International law cases involving nations outside the EU are heard by the World Court in The Hague; the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg, France, is recognized by the members of the Council of Europe and hears cases relating to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Personal Freedoms.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/E/EuropnCJ.html (319 words)

	Supreme Court Summit European Court of Justice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Established in 1952 in Luxembourg, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) is the highest court of the European Community.
		The ECJ is primarily responsible for ensuring that the Treaties establishing the European Community and the provisions laid down by the competent Community institutions are observed.
		Its broad jurisdictional parameters require the Court to function in several capacities, including reviewing the legality of acts of EC institutions and compliance by Member States with provisions of the Treaties and Community legislation; and serving as arbiter between the various EC institutions and between the Community and the Member States.
	www.law.smu.edu /summit/summit_European_Court.htm (232 words)

	REMARKS OF JUDGE KOEN LENAERTS, EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE, AND JUSTICE STEPHEN BREYER, ASSOCIATE JUSTICE OF THE US ...
		Judge Lenaerts is professor of European law at the University of Leuven and Judge of the Court of Justice of the European Community since October, 2003.
		That would also put the Court of Justice in Luxembourg in an awkward position as it would have to decide what is openly seen as a clash of 2 political approaches, and this in the face of relatively open-ended Treaty texts on free movement of goods, on environmental protection and so on.
		It is the monopoly of the Court of Justice to decide on the legality of acts adopted by the Union institutions.
	www.eurunion.org /News/speeches/2005/050329kl.htm (7717 words)

	EUROPA - European Union institutions and other bodies - The Court of Justice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Court of Justice of the European Communities (often referred to simply as ‘the Court’) was set up under the ECSC Treaty in 1952.
		This Court (which is attached to the Court of Justice) is responsible for giving rulings on certain kinds of case, particularly actions brought by private individuals, companies and some organisations, and cases relating to competition law.
		The Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance each have a President, chosen by their fellow-judges to serve for a renewable term of three years.
	europa.eu.int /institutions/court/index_en.htm (969 words)

	European Court of Justice on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		European Court of Justice Advocate General's Opinion Vindicates IMS in Intellectual Property Dispute.
		European Court of Justice orders equal treatment in awarding pensions to men and women.
		Swedish Match: European Court of Justice to Hear Snus Ban Case in June 2004.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/E/EuropnC1J1.asp (614 words)

	European Court of Justice strengthens democracy and efficiency in European Union lawmaking
		In a landmark ruling today, the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg decided that the competences of the European Community to protect the environment also include the power to require Member States to ensure such protection through criminal sanctions for serious offences.
		The Court annulled a Council Framework Decision adopted in 2003, reserving this competence to an intergovernmental decision under the “third pillar”.
		As a test case, the Commission (supported by the European Parliament and the Economic and Social Committee) challenged before the European Court of Justice Council Framework Decision 2003/80 on the protection of the environment through criminal law.
	www.finfacts.com /irelandbusinessnews/publish/article_10003244.shtml (1145 words)

	BBC - The Law Essential Guides - European Court of Justice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The ECJ makes a ruling on how the law should be applied and sends the decision back to the national court, which then must then apply it to the case.
		If the court decides that the Member in question is at fault, it must deal with the situation without delay or face substantial fines, perhaps imposed on a daily basis.
		In this case, the ECJ is acting almost as a constitutional court for the EU as a whole.
	www.bbc.co.uk /crime/law/ecj.shtml (961 words)

	European Commission sends Cresson to European Court of Justice - EUbusiness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The European Commission said Monday it had decided to press charges against former French prime minister Edith Cresson before the European Court of Justice over alleged abuse of office when she served as a commissioner in the late 1990s.
		"The Belgian court decided that there was no case to pursue on the grounds of fraud and falsification in a case submitted to it," the commission statement said.
		"The referral to the court (of justice) is based on allegations of 'clear favouritism and negligence' in cases concerning two people.
	www.eubusiness.com /Institutions/040719172248.6q2xk1uc (452 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Business \| Court overturns finance ministers
		The European Court of Justice has annulled a decision by EU finance ministers to suspend action against Germany and France over budget deficits.
		Giving its verdict on a case brought by the European Commission, the court said the ministers' decision was not compatible with EU law.
		In its ruling the European Court of Justice said the council of finance ministers "cannot depart from the rules laid down by the treaty or those which it set for itself in regulation no 1467/97 (which specifies the terms of the pact)".
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/business/3888901.stm (645 words)

	EUABC A dictionary on words related to the EU (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Court is only responsible for first pillar (supra-national) issues and is therefore officially called the European Community Court.
		Under the Treaty of Nice the Court gained competence in some Justice and Home Affairs and may now be called the EU Court.
		It has a lower court, the Court of First Instance, to which cases concerning competition policy, staff disputes and certain other cases are delegated.
	www.euabc.com /index.phtml?word_id=242 (257 words)

	EU - European Court of Justice Defines Trademark Distinctiveness
		The Court of First Instance affirmed this decision and agreed that BABY-DRY "merely conveyed to consumers the intended purpose of the goods but exhibited no additional feature to render the sign distinctive".
		In reversing the Court of First Instance, the ECJ first noted that Article 7(1) and Article 12 of Regulation No. 40/94 should be read together and adopted a very narrow interpretation of descriptiveness in evaluating the registrability of marks.
		Any perceptible difference between the combination of words submitted for registration and the terms used in common parlance of the relevant class of consumers to designate the goods or services or their essential characteristics is apt to confer distinctive character on the word combination enabling it to be registered as a trade mark.
	ladas.com /BULLETINS/2002/0202Bulletin/EUTrademarkDistinctiveness.html (268 words)

	European Court of Justice 29 June 1994 (Custom Made Commercial v. Stawa Metallbau)
		European Court of Justice 29 June 1994 (Custom Made Commercial v.
		The judgement was issued in response to a question brought before the European Court of Justice by the German Bundesgerichtshof according to art.
		The European Court of Justice affirmed the question and identified the place of performance of the obligation to pay as being the seller's place of business.
	www.cisg.law.pace.edu /cisg/wais/db/cases2/940629eu.html (379 words)

	Media Advisory: European Court of Justice Judge Koen Lenaerts
		Judge Koen Lenaerts of the European Court of Justice will discuss the European Constitution and and its implications on both sides of the Atlantic on Tuesday, March 29, from 6:00 to 7:00 pm.
		The event will be held at the Delegation of the European Commission, 2300 M Street, NW, Washington, DC.
		US Supreme Court Justice Stephen G. Breyer will make introductory remarks.
	www.eurunion.org /news/press/2005/2005medadvLenaerts.htm (97 words)

	OAMI-ONLINE - Case Law of the European Court of Justice
		Notice: For the benefit of the public, the electronic version of the texts of the Court of Justice is available free of charge on Internet for information purposes.
		The definitive version of these texts is published in the "Reports of Cases before the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance" which alone are authentic and, in the event of their differing from the electronic version, are alone to be regarded as authoritative.
		Reproduction of the texts supplied on this site is authorized provided that their source and non-authentic character are acknowledged and it is mentioned that they have been provided free of charge.
	www.ohim.eu.int /en/mark/aspects/ecjcases.htm (132 words)

	West European Politics: The European Court's political power. (European Court of Justice)@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The reasons behind the national judiciaries and politicians' acceptance of controversial doctrines formulated by the European Court of Justice and agreement to enforce the law's supremacy against their own governments.
		As a result, the European Court can make questionable decisions and require national courts to comply with European law.
		The European Court has emerged as one of the most powerful political institutions in the European Union and the most...
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:18832595&refid=holomed_1 (211 words)

	OUP: European Court of Justice: Búrca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This collection of essays aims to look afresh at an institution which, although already the subject of numerous academic analyses and extensive legal research, remains of central importance to all who are interested in the development of European Union law and policy.
		Various contributions seek to develop particular avenues of analysis which, despite the significant increase in the range and volume of literature on the Court of Justice, have not yet been very fully explored.
		They include a legal-philosophical account of the ECJ's reasoning, a sociological analysis of patterns of litigation before the Court, and an investigation of the impact and presence of gender in the Court's work and on its institutional position.
	www.oup.co.uk /isbn/0-19-924601-7 (374 words)

	European Report: EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		European Report: EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE@ HighBeam Research
		Cases in the European Court of Justice in the week beginning November 29 Tuesday November 30 - Advocate-General's Opinion C-58/98 Corsten - freedom to provide services.
		The above preview is from European Report, November 27, 1999.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:29433686&... (151 words)

	Find in a Library: The future role of the European Court of Justice : report with evidence
		The future role of the European Court of Justice : report with evidence
		Subjects: Court of Justice of the European Communities.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/60a34543edeb95c0a19afeb4da09e526.html (73 words)

	- SHOP.COM
		The European Court of Justice: The Politics of Judicial Integration
		This book provides a broad-ranging assessment of the Court's contribution to the integration process.
		It shows how the Court has taken advantage of opportunities when they have arisen in the European political process to constitutionalize the founding...
	www.shop.com /op/aprod-p26170967 (213 words)

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