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	Left-wing politics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In politics, left-wing, the political left or simply The Left are terms that refer to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism or social democracy/Social liberalism.
		While many American "liberals" might be "social democrats" in European terms, very few of them openly embrace the term "left"; in the United States, the term is mainly embraced by New Left activists, certain portions of the labor movement, and people who see their intellectual or political heritage as descending from 19th-century socialist movements.
		Many Greens deny that green politics is "on the left"; nonetheless, their economic policies can generally be considered left-wing, and when they have formed political coalitions (most notably in Germany, but also in local governments elsewhere), it has almost always been with groups that would generally be classified as being on the left.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Left-wing_politics (2563 words)

	Encyclopedia: European Parliament
		The European Council, sometimes informally called the European Summit, is a meeting of the heads of state or government of the European Union, and the President of the European Commission (not to be confused with the Council of the European Union, or the Council of Europe).
		Although Brussels is generally treated as the 'capital' of the European Union, and the two institutions of the EU's executive, the Commission and the Council of Ministers, both have their seats there, a protocol attached to the Treaty of Amsterdam requires that the European Parliament have monthly sessions in Strasbourg.
		The Committee on Petitions (PETI) is a committee of the European Parliament.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/European-Parliament (6003 words)

	Untitled Document
		The European left parties and alliances incorporated significant parts of the new left which had emerged outside the communist movement after 1968, particularly in Italy where Proletarian Democracy joined Communist Refoundation (the split to the left from the PCI), and in Spain where the section of the Fourth International joined the United Left.
		The project of the west European left parties is clear: to be anti-capitalist left parties -embracing environmental politics, the politics of gender and sexuality, anti-racism, for a ‘socially solidaristic’ Europe - with a strategy to push both national and European politics to the left, through a combination of parliamentary and extra-parliamentary struggle.
		These events have confirmed the character of the new European left: which from its origins in the refusal to embrace capitalism in 1989, has crystallised in opposition to the adoption of monetarism and against US-led wars, and which now constitutes a factor in the mainstream of politics which can no longer be ignored.
	www.spectrezine.org /resist/10-11Hud.htm (1285 words)

	Czech Communist and European Left -- Spectrezine
		The founding of a European Left party has been a controversial issue for the CPBM, which is one of Europe’s most influential communist parties, with a membership of 120,000, 41 deputies in the Czech Parliament’s legislature, the Chamber of Deputies, and over 6,000 local government councillors.
		The whole European Left must confront the policies of militarisation and neoliberalism and the dangers arising from the imperialist character of globalisation as it is at present.
		The concept of a European Left is a broader concept embracing a wide range of political parties operating throughout Europe.
	www.spectrezine.org /europe/CPBM.htm (865 words)

	What Would Phoebe Do?
		European Jews are not selling out, but have basically been driven out of the current European left.
		The far left has always been either anti-Semitic in the sense of associating Jews with all that's wrong with capitalism, or merely thinking (as Marx thought) that Judaism would be rendered irrelevant after the revolution.
		True, European Socialists were all too often not fighting anti-Semitism the way they should have, and they completely underestimated the threat of anti-Semitism and fascism in total; but, there is a very crucial difference between their anti-Semitism and right-wing anti-Semitism.
	whatwouldphoebedo.blogspot.com /2005/02/europes-jews-looking-rightward.html (1027 words)

	Towards a European left party
		To this end, the PRC had put forward a document, 'Contribution of the PRC to the discussion on a European Alternative Left', which approached the problems under discussion in four chapters: 'For a Europe of peace', 'For a Europe of economic, social and environmental rights', 'For a democratic Europe', 'The alternative left for Europe'.
		For the first time in history, organizations from the CP tradition agreed to debate the radical left on the basis of a political text with the perspective of a new European party of the alternative left.
		The dynamic in the workers' and social movement points very clearly to the polarization between the social-liberal left, with European social-democracy as its motor force, and the radical left which defends an anti-capitalist alternative.
	www.sap-pos.org /en/towards_a_european_left_party.htm (1301 words)

	Declaration of the New European Left Forum XXI Meeting- Athens Nov.4, 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The parties of the New European Left Forum which held their 21st meeting in Athens on 2-4 November 2001, express deep concern at the present international situation which is characterized by an increase in violence and the spread of insecurity in the world.
		The ideas of the New European Left for common security and all -embracing security, for security through disarmament and security with justice are becoming dramatically timely today.
		To cooperate with the GUE/NGL Group for an intervention by the European Left on the occasion of the EU Summit in December.
	www.syn.gr /en/nelf/nelf2001/nelfdiak2001.htm (626 words)

	European United Left - Nordic Green Left - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The European United Left–Nordic Green Left is a socialist and communist political grouping within the European Parliament.
		It combines the European United Left subgroup (which consists of a core of parties that are in the European Left party and a periphery of unaffiliated leftist parties) and the Nordic Green Left subgroup consisting of MEPs from the Nordic Green Left Alliance parties of Sweden and Finland.
		Associate Member Parties are from European countries not in the EU.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/European_United_Left_-_Nordic_Green_Left (187 words)

	Dissent Magazine - Winter 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Although it is evident that "the left," as commonly understood, was predominantly a European phenomenon throughout the late nineteenth century and all of the twentieth century, the United States did contribute significantly to this political formation precisely in the postwar period.
		Mainly carried by students and not by the traditional subject of the left-that is, the industrial working class-this massive transformation of the discourse of the left was deeply anchored in the cultural climate of the United States, which the rest of the world, particularly Europe's students and its young generally, embraced with enthusiasm.
		It is here that the nexus between the völkisch left and the völkisch right, which manifested itself so vigorously in the streets of many German and European cities in the spring of 2002 and again in 2003, was forged.
	www.dissentmagazine.org /menutest/articles/wi05/markovits.htm (4709 words)

	[No title]
		European politics is fused to the basic domestic competition between the left, which pushes for common economic regulation across Europe, and the right, which favors less regulation.
		Our initial attempt to formulate the third model focused exclusively on the moderate left, the center, and the moderate right, that is, the social democratic, liberal, Christian democratic, and conservative party families, which dominate national governments and represent 80 percent of the electoral vote across the EU (Hooghe and Marks 1999).
		European integration is double-edged for center-left parties (Hix 1995a, 1995b; Hooghe and Marks 1996; Hix and Lord 1997; Hix 1999a; Ladrech 1997; Ladrech and Marlière 1999; Marks and Wilson 2000; Schmitt and Thomassen 1997).
	www.unc.edu /depts/tam/Syllabi0102/readings/hmwidec01.doc (2551 words)

	Weekly Worker 364 Thursday December 14 2000
		Held in the lead-up to the Nice summit of the European Union and the mass demonstrations of trade unionists and anti-capitalist activists, the LCR meeting achieved little in practical terms, but has laid down a possible basis for increased Europe-wide cooperation between various forces of the left.
		One was the nature of the European Union and the attitude the left should have towards it.
		The southern European components in Spain, France, Portugal and Italy favour a 'transformation of the EU' approach.
	www.cpgb.org.uk /worker/364/euroleftconf.html (1419 words)

	Decline of the European Left (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A European Union boycott of the Austrian government accompanied the Social Democrats efforts to isolate Haider.
		After gaining 17% of the vote and replacing Jospin as the challenger to the conservative Chirac, the entire French Left united to vote for Chirac and limit Le Pen's percentage to 18 percent in the final vote for President of France.
		However, they might still be "fighting windmills." It was the extensive labor migration to the industrialized European countries that provided the human resources and cheap labor that propelled the European economies to their high levels.
	www.alternativeinsight.com /Decline_of_the_European_Left.html (1540 words)

	European Left Conference - International Socialist Online
		The following press statement was released at the end of the recent European conference of the anti-capitalist left held in Paris under the auspices of the LCR on the 4th-5th December 2000.
		The Left is a regroupment of the ex-CP, the USFI group and Greens which has one MP and local councillors.
		Third, European governments are playing a vanguard role in the WTO in growing inter-imperialist competition with the US and Japan (and some countries of the third world).
	www.redflag.org.uk /ism/euroconf.html (1226 words)

	Sudan and the European Left (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The European Left was shaped by European colonialism and the justified uprising against it.
		But that same Left, like the proverbial conservative generals who are always fighting the last war, doesn't see that the world has changed, that the white man is not always the oppressor and the "other" is not always the oppressed.
		If the European Left continues its wars against the shadows of the past and doesn't see that the "others" have become murderers, it has no future, and in another generation will be viewed the same way we look back on the Left that splashed its holy water on the blood-soaked hands of the Stalinist murderers.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1204318/posts (1119 words)

	New European Party of the Left Founded
		The eleven who did join decided the step was necessary in preparation for the June elections to the European Parliament, which already has a leftwing caucus but hopes to enlarge it substantially, especially with the help of leftist parties in the ten new countries joining the European Union.
		Until then he was satisfied with the caucus of the United Left in the European Parliament as it now stands.
		The European delegates took part in the opening ceremonies, placing red carnations near the big stone epitaph to the two murdered leaders.
	www.mail-archive.com /pen-l@galaxy.csuchico.edu/msg84907.html (781 words)

	[A-List] European Left Party (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Best, Sabri ++++++++++++ Italian communist to lead new European Left party 09 May 2004 Italian Communist leader Fausto Bertinotti was Sunday unanimously elected president of the European Left at the party's founding congress in Rome, officials said.
		The founding congress of the European Left was preceded by preliminary meetings in Berlin and Athens earlier this year.
		Grouping parties from Austria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Slovakia and Spain, the new European Left was formed with the aim of strengthening the radical left throughout a newly-enlarged EU.
	lists.econ.utah.edu /pipermail/a-list/2004-May/030437.html (429 words)

	TCS: Tech Central Station - A Pivotal Year for the European Left (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A majority of European commentators failed to see that (a) the EU parliamentary elections were driven by the Left's failure to raise the issues of domestic policies; (b) the
		The economic views of the Left never once stretched beyond the traditional wishful thinking about rising inequalities and the need to secure generous welfare safety net via greater taxation of the 'rich'.
		What we are yet to discover is that, just as in the case of their own electoral platforms, the left failed to see the law of politics -- it is local, not globally-local.
	www.techcentralstation.com /122904C.html (1750 words)

	European Left - Latest News / Home
		The first Congress of the Party of the European Left is being held at what is truly an "extraordinary" time: today we are faced with the huge challenge of opening a new political and social cycle in Europe.
		Women’s Assembly of the 1st Congress of the European Left Athens, 28th October 2005 will be held in the Ballroom "Melina Merkouri" in the Peace and Friendship Stadium - the meeting venue of the EL Congress.
		PDS and the new Linkspartei, which is one of the strongest party of EL, got a such important success that enforce a new prospective, on a European level, in order to defend the Welfare State from the neoliberal policy coming also from some social-democratic parties as well as in Germany.
	www.european-left.org (487 words)

	The Rise and Fall of the European Left
		The Left is defined in the presence and interaction of two forces: ideology and organisation.
		By ideology we mean a critical analysis of contemporary society and a belief that it could be reformed for the better; by organisation, the existence of some coherent force that sought to actualise this ideology.
		The Left came to demand economic change, and socialism - taken here to mean some form of collective ownership or co-ordination of the means of production - developed as both a programme of reform and a prescription for future society.
	faculty.goucher.edu /history231 (1100 words)

	ZNet \|Europe \| Albert Interviews Grubacic Regarding the European Left
		European Social Consulta is much more grassroots in it's way, yes, and it's essence, as I have told you already, is anti-capitalist.
		PGA and European Social Consulta are the perfect example of this merger of libertarian marxist and anarchist ideas.
		I see these two as a way to resolve a dilema which is strangling the left in Europe, and to stand, so to say, on the other side of reformism (folks who find the word revolution itself, abhorrent) and irresponsible radicalism (folks who decry fighting for anything but revolution now).
	www.zmag.org /content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=41&ItemID=2239 (1134 words)

	Statute of the Party of the European Left (EL) - Rome, 8-9 May, 2004
		We unite democratic parties of the alternative and progressive Left on the European continent that strive for the consistent transformation of today's social relationships into a peaceful and socially just society on the basis of the diversity of our situations, our histories and our common values.
		The Left is willing to take on responsibility in Europe and the world for the shaping of our societies, to work out political alternatives, to promote them among the public and to win the required majorities.
		The "Party of the European Left", abbreviated here to "European Left" (EL) is a flexible, decentralised association of independent and sovereign European left-wing parties and political organizations which works on the basis of consensus.
	euroleft.org /docs/el-statute.en.html (2784 words)

	Guardian \| Schröder sets the agenda of European left
		This week, the leaders of the European left have been meeting in Berlin, slightly uneasy in the knowledge that the underlying agenda for their discussions has once more been set by the German chancellor.
		Mr Schröder's scheme would involve turning the European Union's executive, the Commission, into a true government with much enhanced powers and making the EU's council of ministers, which is currently the main decision-making body, into the upper house of a much strengthened European Parliament.
		The European Union is set to expand to take in up to 27 states.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4182676-105806,00.html (727 words)

	Lorenzo Vidino & Erick Stakelbeck on Sharia on National Review Online
		But in today's increasingly Islamicized Europe, many on the Left are slowly realizing that the behavior of large segments of Europe's Muslim population represents the antithesis of their politically correct ideals and values.
		The European Left's strong support for Muslim immigrants has traditionally been twofold: first, Muslims are a religious and ethnic minority in Europe and therefore advance the Left's multicultural agenda.
		As its ever-growing Muslim population continues to alter the Old Continent's social fabric, the European Left seems to be coming to the realization that the "enemy of my enemy is my friend" adage to which it has traditionally ascribed its support of mass Muslim immigration no longer applies.
	www.nationalreview.com /comment/vidino_stakelbeck200402190906.asp (1034 words)

	To the arguments against the Party of the European Left
		In the last few months a discussion is held among the left radical parties in Europe, whether the foundation of the Party of the European Left (PEL), satisfying the conditions given in the Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council, does or does not help further development of the European radical left.
		By course of Article 7, the funding of political parties at European level may not be used for the direct or indirect funding of other political parties and in particular national political parties.
		This Regulation is in contradiction to the main principle of democracy - to the division of the authority between the Parliament, the Government and the Court.
	www.sds.cz /docs/internat/arg_pel.htm (823 words)

	AMERICAN FUTURE: European Left (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Its leading figures purport to be on the left, but have cheered on the far-right and betrayed their comrades by denouncing Iraqi trade unionists as 'Quislings' and 'collaborators''.
		The left was certainly not obliged to agree with them, but they deserved the courtesy of a response; instead, they were mostly ignored, or dismissed as lackeys of Washington.
		The Iraqi left and labour movement quickly re-emerged from decades of repression and began to organise; they were entitled to expect solidarity and encouragement from their comrades in the west.
	americanfuture.typepad.com /american_future/european_left (7628 words)

	European Left Retreats as Islamic Immigration Grows (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The recent rise of nationalism in almost all the Western European countries is one of the clear indications of a major shift to the right in a string of European nations.
		Of the forces now gathering to erode their strength, not the least is immigration, both legal and illegal, along with thousands of asylum seekers and the rise in crime that many believe to be its consequence.
		The political left has spent 30 years deconstructing Western culture and Western man. The idea that such a collective entity exists is considered the worst sort of racism by the lefties.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/news/720689/posts (2668 words)

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