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	Otter
		Otters are aquatic or marine carnivorous mammals, members of the large and diverse family, Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, polecats[?], badgers and others.
		Otters have a dense layer of very soft underfur (almost half a million hairs per square inch of skin) which, protected by their outer layer of long guard hairs, keeps them dry under water and traps a layer of air to keep them warm.
		To survive in the cold waters where many otters live, the specialised fur is not enough: otters have very high metabolic rates and burn up energy at a profligate pace: Eurasian Otters[?], for example, must eat 15% of their body weight a day; Sea Otters[?], 20 to 25%, depending on the temperature.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ot/Otter.html (575 words)

	European Otter - Lutra lutra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		European otters are small members of the weasel family that have taken to water.
		European otters are dusky brown in colour with a lighter-coloured belly.
		European otters have flaps over their ears and nose that close shut while the otter is swimming.
	www.angelfire.com /mo2/animals1/carnivore/europeano.html (594 words)

	Convention on the conservation of european wildlife 1994
		Otters live mainly on the Coruh River and its many tributaries, especially on the parts that are covered with trees or bushes and away from human disturbance in this region.
		In 1990, one otter was seen on a dam formed by a landslide on another branch of this stream, after heavy rain affected people in spite of the benevolent attitude of the local press.
		Otters feed largely on fishes, frogs, water snakes, crustaceans, water birds, eggs of birds, insect larvae, molluscs, and occasionally poultry and carcasses in Turkey.
	www.akyaka.org /otter/bilgi_eng/strasburg94.htm (1602 words)

	Giant Otter - Pteronura brasiliensis
		The giant otter is the longest of all the otter species, with a length of 6 ft (1.8m), including the tail, and a weight of 76 lbs (34 kg).
		Giant otters are very sensitive to human activity, and tourists boating too close to a nursing mother can cause her so much stress that she stops producing milk; the pups starve.
		The giant otter is a river otter and is closely related to the North American river otter and the European otter.
	www.angelfire.com /mo2/animals1/carnivore/giantotter.html (669 words)

	HELP MA BOAB! > Factual Writing > The Otter, Lutra Lutra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Not that long ago there used to be fourteen species of otter, but one of them, Maxwell’s otter, is extinct due to the draining of their waters to perform genocide in Iraq.
		The three most well-known species of otter are the common otter, the European otter and the sea otter.
		Otters have become an endangered species because of the declining numbers due to the destroying of their habitats.
	www.philiponline.co.uk /the_otter2.htm (1227 words)

	BBC - Science & Nature - Wildfacts - Eurasian river otter, European otter, common otter, old world otter
		Otters are one of the most playful animals, often appearing to take childlike enjoyment in sliding around on muddy banks or in snow.
		Otters are solitary and are active at dusk and during the night.
		Otters breed all year round, with a gestation period of about 63 days, after which two or three cubs are born.
	www.bbc.co.uk /nature/wildfacts/factfiles/196.shtml (413 words)

	European Otter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The European Otter, Lutra lutra, is a European member of the Mustelidae or weasel family, and is typical of freshwater otters.
		Otters are strongly territorial, living alone for the most part, with individual's home ranges varying between 1-40 km, with about 18 km being usual, depending on the density of food available.
		Because of the effect of poaching, the otter population rapidly declined in the second half of the 20th century becoming endangered.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/European_Otter (609 words)

	Otter - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Meanwhile, a different sort of fur trade, centered on the rich fur of the sea otter, had developed on the shores of the Pacific Northwest.
		Sea Otter, otter native to the American and Asian shores of the North Pacific Ocean.
		- otter fur: the fur of the otter
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Otter.html (147 words)

	LOUTRE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		BIOLOGY :The Otter is a carnivorous mammal which belongs to the family of Mustelidae as the Marten, the Mink, the Polecat, the Badger...
		OTTER CENTRE: In 1991, the 1st French Centre of Reproduction of the European Otter was opened.
		REINTRODUCTION : Thanks to the agreement of the Ministry of the Environment, a programme of reintroduction of the European Otter in Alsace was born in 1998.
	www.cigogne-loutre.com /html/aloutre.html (298 words)

	Otters. In: Marine Biodiversity - An Introduction. Author: Peter Dyrynda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Sea otters are gregarious animals that often occur in colonies on particularly favourable sections of the coast.
		Otters may raid traps and fixed nets, and are accused by some of depleting coastal shellfish stocks generally.
		European river otters have also benefited from conservation measures including bans on hunting, improvements in water quality and the conservation of habitats suitable for feeding and breeding.
	www.solaster-mb.org /mb/otters.htm (774 words)

	Otter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sea otters eat shellfish and other invertebrates (especially clams, abalone, and sea urchins), and one can frequently observe them using rocks as crude tools to smash open shells.
		Otter may be saying that the finer qualities of woman need to be striven for in both men and women so that a unity of spirit can be achieved.
		Otters were a frequent obsession of the surreal comedy Dare To Believe.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Otter (1469 words)

	Forestry Commission - Wild Woods - Otter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The otter's main habitat is along the sea shore and the banks of rivers, lakes and streams.
		Otter's main food is small fish and crabs, but they are carnivores and will eat almost anything that is easy to catch, including birds on both the water and the shore, small mammals and larger fish such as dogfish.
		The main threat to otters is from humans, through the destruction of their habitat, from pesticides running off from farmland and polluting watercourses, and from being run over by vehicles while crossing roads and paths.
	www.forestry.gov.uk /forestry/Otter (488 words)

	The Foundation for Otters
		Poaching is on the rise, and otter populations are fragmented and isolated.
		Today, the main causes of declining otter populations in Western countries are the destruction of wetland habitats and water pollution.
		Hungary's role in saving otters and their habitats is very important, because the protection and growth of new otter populations in the Carpathian Basin (an area of Hungary) are the keys to re-establishing otter populations in the West.
	www.solutions-site.org /kids/stories/KScat1_sol104.htm (1006 words)

	otter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Eurasian or European otter is a semi-aquatic mammal that inhabits a variety of wetland environments; ranging from rivers, lakes and streams to marshes and coastal areas.
		Otters are at the top of the food chain, and because of their natural fat reservoirs, they are highly susceptible to the accumulation of fat soluble pesticides and other toxins.
		Otter populations in the South are moving South eastwards from the South West counties, and Southwards from the Thames and Kent regions.
	www.biodiversitysussex.org /otter.htm (4435 words)

	CentralPets.com - Otter - European, River Page (Printer Friendly Version)
		European Otters are small members of the weasel family that only grow to a length of up to three feet.
		European otters have been noted throughout most of Europe, and are also located throughout most of Asia; but must not be confused with the Asian Otter.
		European Otters are helpless for their first six weeks after birth, and are taken care of by the female.
	centralpets.com /phpscripts/PrintFriendly.php?AnimalNumber=4756 (771 words)

	Otter,Mammals,Otter Picture,Mammal Pictures,Catalog,Encyclopedia
		This group includes the SEA OTTER, Enhydra; the river otters, Lutra; the giant otter, Pteronura, of South America; the African clawless otter, Aonyx; and the small-clawed otters of Asia, Amblonyx, and Africa, Paronyx, both of which are often classified with the clawless otter.
		The river otters, Lutra, comprise 11 or 12 species found on all the continents except Australia and Antarctica and include the North American otter, L. canadensis, and the European otter, L. lutra.
		Northern populations of river otters mate in summer, and the young are not born until 9 1/2 to 12 1/2 months later, usually in late winter or early spring.
	www.4to40.com /earth/geography/htm/mammalsindex.asp?counter=117 (235 words)

	Life in UK Rivers Homepage
		This showed that, although European populations were still considered healthy and widespread in only a third of the 37 countries for which data were available, the number where they were believed to be increasing had gone up from 28% to 38%.
		The proportion where otters were believed to be threatened, declining, very rare or extinct had gone down from 40% to 22%.
		There was a sudden and widespread decline in the success of otter hunts throughout much of England and Wales in 1978, which corresponded closely with a perceived decline in the otter population from the mid 1950s.
	www.english-nature.org.uk /LIFEinUKRivers/species/otter.html (383 words)

	Ladywildlife'sSave the Claifornia Condor Pics
		The European otter was once widespread and common throughout much of Britain, during the 1950s and 60s it suffered a catastrophic decline and has yet to recover.
		Otters in Britain: Related to the badger and stoat, the European otter is a weasel that has adapted to life in the water.
		Otter strong holds on rivers and streams in the English countryside all suffered in differing degrees.
	ladywildlife.com /animal/savetheeuropeanotter.html (773 words)

	Foundation for Otters
		Otters have almost totally disappeared in Western Europe and the number of this species is gradually decreasing today all over Europe.
		Hungary plays a key role in saving otters and their habitats because the protection and growth of otter stocks in the Carpathian Basin is the seed for re-establishing otter populations in the West.
		Otter Park: With the cooperation of the Somogy Provincial Association for Nature Conservation, Pal established the Otter Park in June of 1998 in southwestern Hungary.
	www.solutions-site.org /cat1_sol104.htm (2081 words)

	Otter Project
		The otter population was eliminated from much of England, with remaining populations restricted to parts of N Ireland, Wales, SW England and Scotland (Jones and Jones 2004).
		Although otter populations are still recognised by the IUCN as ‘near-threatened’, a combination of protective legislation and improvements in water quality have led to a gradual recovery, through both range expansion and increased abundance.
		The position of the otter as the top predator in N European river systems allows the stable isotope signature of their tissues to be used as an index of the MDN contribution to ecosystems in which they feed.
	www.otterproject.cardiff.ac.uk (2651 words)

	European Otter - Picture - MSN Encarta
		The European otter lives along rivers, lakes, and seacoasts throughout Europe.
		A strong tail and webbed feet propel the otter through the water as it searches for fish and other food.
		Highly sensitive to water pollution, the European otter needs clean water to thrive.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461542192/European_Otter.html (44 words)

	Convention on the conservation of european wildlife 1996
		Noting that the otter is at the peak of the food pyramid of wetland ecosystems protected by the Ramsar Convention and that, as such, its presence may be taken as good indication of good wetland quality;
		Establish at a national level an otter conservation programme aimed at preserving healthy otter populations and the recovery of declining populations, as appropriate, for the different geographical areas of the state concerned.
		Verify that experimental toxicological studies on otters are only allowed under very strict conditions, limiting them to low level exposure and reversible effects possibly within the framework of reintroduction projects; explore the suitability of otter cell lines as toxicological model.
	www.akyaka.org /otter/bilgi_eng/strasburg96.htm (1919 words)

	Otters in Cornwall
		Otters are carnivores (meat-eaters) and belong to the family Mustelidae (possessing musk glands).
		The Eurasian otter is the most widely distributed of the otter species, it can be found in parts of Europe, Asia and Africa, occurring in a wide range of habitats close to water, including inland freshwater and coastal areas.
		Otters are strongly territorial and leave spraint to mark their territory.
	www.cornwallwildlifetrust.org.uk /nature/otters/index.htm (1139 words)

	European Otter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Otters have suffered decades of population decline due to the pollution of rivers and streams leading to the decimation of their fish prey, as well as a reduction in undisturbed habitat as flood plains and watercourses were developed for residential and business uses.
		Nevertheless, we cannot be complacent and the otter recovery still has some way to go before the population is back to its healthy pre-1960 level.
		The main aim of the UK action plan for otters is to restore their numbers to pre-1960 levels.
	www-biol.paisley.ac.uk /renbap/OTTER.htm (216 words)

	VII International Otter Colloquium Recommendations
		The conditions suitable for intensive fish production are also otter habitat and the artificially high densities of fish placed in such natural surroundings increase their attraction or value to otters.
		Recommend that permits for keeping otters in captivity only be given to those persons and institutions that will provide these animals with at least the minimal requirements as described in existing or OSG husbandry guidelines for each species.
		Encourage the funding and supervision of research on otters with priority placed on the determination of distribution, habitat requirements, poaching, limiting factors or conservation threats, human impact, and ecology (feeding, behaviour and population ecology).
	www.otternet.com /news/ottercoll.htm (1940 words)

	mathew's journal \|
		As you can see from the photo, river otters are swift on land as well as in the water—though their loping trot can look somewhat ungainly compared to their graceful slide through the water.
		Sea otter fur is amazingly soft and dense -- which unfortunately almost led to the animal’s extinction in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
		Otters are mammals of the genus mustelidae, relatives of the weasel, stoat, ferret, skunk, and wolverine.
	www.xciv.org /~meta/1997/10/15 (2026 words)

	IOSF - International Otter Survival Fund
		In summary, this year we have funded 6 international projects and undertaken surveys in two Scottish Islands, rescued and rehabilitated 13 otters at the sanctuary, attended an Asian otter conference in Thailand and organised a European Otter Toxicology conference on the Isle of Skye.
		The survey was undertaken with the help of volunteers and it was shown that although the population on the island is low (approx 16-24 otters) it is still an important part of the Eurasian otter population in Europe overall.
		Our aim is always to release our otters back to the wild if possible but this year we received an “old man” we named Dax who cannot be returned as he is just too old and we are keeping him at the centre.
	www.otter.org /news/news13.html (696 words)

	Amblonyx's Quick Guide to Otters
		Otters are semi-aquatic mammals of the Mustelidae family (related to stoats, weasels, skunks and badgers).
		The European otter lives near water, whether it be rivers or the sea.
		No, otters do not hibernate though they tend to be less active in the winter, spending much of their time in a holt.
	www.amblonyx.com /?id=QuickGuide (320 words)

	NYSDEC's Hudson River Otter Stewardship Program - How Water Pollution can Effect Otters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Because otters are semi-aquatic (they spend much of their life in the water) and find most of their food in the water, they are at risk of being harmed by water pollution.
		It was found that mink, a close relative of the river otter, that were fed a diet of PCB contaminated fish had a lower birth rate and lower survival of kits per litter than those with no PCBs in their diet.
		This, along with studies showing that European otter no longer live in areas that are contaminated with PCBs, has led scientists to believe that a diet high in PCBs might be harmful to the American river otter.
	www.dec.state.ny.us /website/dfwmr/habitat/hrottersp/Otterpollution.htm (729 words)

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