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Topic: European Social Charter

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	Waking "Sleeping Beauty": The Revised European Social Charte
		The Charter also has struggled to keep pace with social changes, such as the increasing role of women in the workplace, rising rates of divorce and out-of-wedlock births, and changing conceptions of the role of the elderly and disabled in society.
		Critics argued that the conservative standards in the Charter were out of step with progressive trends in society and that the member states only needed to sign a small number of provisions in order to become contracting parties, thereby undermining the force and purpose of the Charter.
		In 1991, a Protocol Amending the Charter was adopted by the Committee of Ministers that improved the reporting and enforcement procedures of the Charter by specifying in detail the procedures for submission of reports and their review by various committees.
	www.wcl.american.edu /hrbrief/07/2walking.cfm (1985 words)

	European Social Charter Disability UK
		No Contracting Party to the European Social Charter or Party to the Additional Protocol of 5 May 1988 may ratify, accept or approve this Charter without considering itself bound by at least the provisions corresponding to the provisions of the European Social Charter and, where appropriate, of the Additional Protocol, to which it was bound.
		This Charter shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of one month after the date on which three member States of the Council of Europe have expressed their consent to be bound by this Charter in accordance with the preceding paragraph.
		For the purpose of applying this provision, the term "family of a foreign worker" is understood to mean at least the worker's spouse and unmarried children, as long as the latter are considered to be minors by the receiving State and are dependent on the migrant worker.
	www.disabilityuk.com /socialcare/european_social_charter.htm (8069 words)

	The European social dimension
		Although the UK was the first European country to undergo the industrial revolution, the unification of Germany and Italy during the nineteenth century allowed both countries to industrialise rapidly and for Germany to develop a dominant iron and steel industry that eventually gave it the basis for military superiority.
		In 1951 the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was formed as a device to break up the excessive concentrations of coal and steel producers and cartels in the Ruhr, where the Konzerne, or trusts, had underlain the former power of the Reich.
		European politicians and industrialists were developing a vision of a unified 'super state', which would be able to generate far more wealth than would have been possible under the old 'common market' and wield considerable trading power in its relations with other states in the world.
	www.fedee.com /histsoc.html (2648 words)

	European Social Charter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The European Social Charter is a document signed by the members of the Council of Europe in Turin, 18 October 1961 in which they agreed to secure to their populations the social rights specified there in order to improve their standard of living and their social well-being.
		The European Social Charter was supposed to be part of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe.
		The implementation is supervised by the Committee of Social Rights, composed of the representatives of the Ministers Committee and by the Intergovernmental Committee, which prepares the Ministers Committee decisions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/European_Social_Charter (283 words)

	[No title]
		The European Social Charter guarantees social and economic human rights.
		It was adopted in 1961 and revised in 1996.
		The European Committee of Social Rights (ECSR) is the body responsible for monitoring compliance in the states party to the Charter.
	www.coe.int /T/E/Human_Rights/Esc (122 words)

	EMIRE: GERMANY - EUROPEAN SOCIAL CHARTER
		The European Social Charter (ESC) was signed by the Federal Republic of Germany on October 18, 1961 and ratified by the Federal Parliament and has been in force since February 26, 1965.
		The Charter on fundamental social rights for employees that was adopted by the EC Member States in 1989 is also known as the European Social Charter.
		Please note: the European industrial relations glossaries are not systematically updated, and some of the material may not reflect the current situation.
	www.eurofound.eu.int /emire/GERMANY/EUROPEANSOCIALCHARTER-DE.html (326 words)

	France - European Committee of Social Rights
		The European Federation of Employees in Public Services (EUROFEDOP) argued that France, Italy and Portugal failed to apply articles 5 and 6 of the European Social Charter satisfactorily in that members of the armed forces did not enjoy the right to organise.
		While recognising that the provisions of article 6 may be held to apply to workers excluded from the scope of article 5, the Committee stated that, in the context of a collective complaint, these issues cannot be assessed in the abstract.
		The aggregation of insurance and employment periods is not ensured for all the nationals of the contracting parties to the Charter.
	www.hri.ca /fortherecord2000/euro2000/vol2/franceecsr.htm (2312 words)

	European Social Charter - Council of Europe (COE) - Equal Employment Opportunities
		These are examined by the European Committee of Social Rights - made up of independent experts - which gives a legal assessment of the conformity of the situation with the Charter.
		An additional protocol to the European Social Charter providing for a system of collective complaints was adopted in 1995.
		In 1996 a new Charter, which entered into force in 1999, was designated to enforce an international guarantee of fundamental social and economic rights.
	www.ilo.org /public/english/employment/gems/eeo/coe/law/charter.htm (562 words)

	COUNCIL OF EUROPE - (ETS No.163) European Social Charter (Revised) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Considering that in the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms signed at Rome on 4 November 1950, and the Protocols thereto, the member States of the Council of Europe agreed to secure to their populations the civil and political rights and freedoms therein specified;
		Considering that in the European Social Charter opened for signature in Turin on 18 October 1961 and the Protocols thereto, the member States of the Council of Europe agreed to secure to their populations the social rights specified therein in order to improve their standard of living and their social well-being;
		European Convention on Social and Medical Assistance, signed at Paris on 11 December 1953.
	www.worldpolicy.org /globalrights/treaties/eurosocial.html (7994 words)

	U of M Human Rights Library: European Social Charter
		Each signatory government may, at the time of signature or of the deposit of its instrument of ratification or approval, specify, by declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, the territory which shall be considered to be its metropolitan territory for this purpose.
		The Charter shall extend to the territory or territories named in the aforesaid declaration as from the thirtieth day after the date on which the Secretary General shall have received notification of such declaration.
		Governments not Parties to the European Convention on Social and Medical Assistance may ratify the Social Charter in respect of this paragraph provided that they grant to nationals of other Contracting Parties a treatment which is in conformity with the provisions of the said Convention.
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/euro/z31escch.html (5144 words)

	European Council of Conscripts Organisations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This charter has been based on rights already defined in internationally accepted treaties and conventions, of which the most important are the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the United Nations, the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and the European Social Charter, both of the Council of Europe.
		In this part of the charter the basic principles mentioned in Part One are further reflected upon.
		The task of this professional social worker is to help and advise conscripts both in social and economi-c ques-tions as well as in other problems that concer-n them.
	www.xs4all.nl /~ecco/soccharter.html (3682 words)

	Justice and Home Affairs: The Charter of Fundamental Rights
		The Charter of fundamental rights of the European Union has its own, specific legal value and is completely autonomous from its sources.
		All European constitutions, basic principle of Community law, as recognised by the ECJ (283/83, Racke, ECR (1984) 3791, C-15/95, EARL, ECR 1997, I-1961, C-292/97, Karlsson (not yet published)).
		Article 24 of the Revised Social Charter; Directives 77/187 on the safeguarding of employees' rights in the event of transfers of undertakings, and Directive 80/987 on the protection of employees in the insolvency of their employer
	ec.europa.eu /justice_home/unit/charte/en/charter02.html (1598 words)

	Presentation of the European Social Charter (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-6.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		All European states that are prepared to respect its principles may become members.
		The European Social Charter, which guarantees social and economic human rights, is the natural counterpart of the Convention.
		Finally, in 1996, the revised Social Charter was opened for signature.
	www.humanrights.coe.int.cob-web.org:8888 /cseweb/GB/GB1/GB1.htm (277 words)

	Table of contents for Social rights in Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Anchoring the European Union to the European Social Charter: The Case for Accession 111 Olivier De Schutter 8.
		The Contribution of the European Social Charter and the European Union to Combating Discrimination 261 Mark Bell 14.
		The European Social Charter and EU Anti-discrimination Law in the Field of Disability: Two Gravitational Fields with One Common Purpose 279 Gerard Quinn 15.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/ecip0515/2005018241.html (379 words)

	Consultations on the ratification of the European Social Charter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In his opening words Minister of Labour and Social Policy Ivan Neikov marked that the signing of the European Social Charter by Bulgaria in September 1998 is one of the steps, included in the Government’s program "Bulgaria 2001" for the harmonization of Bulgaria’s social legislation with the European standarts.
		The new Bulgarian Code of Social Security, which project is being worked upon at present, will be drafted in compliance with the European Code, thanks to the joint efforts of Bulgarian and European experts who work on it.
		During the consultations the methodology of the analysis of the national legal compatibility before the ratification of the Charter and the possibilities for increasing the number of the binding articles in the process of its application.
	www.cid.bg /news_events/esc_e.html (388 words)

	European decency threshold - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Social Charter initially defined what many UK campaigning groups termed the Council of Europe decency threshold in the 1960s as 68% of average earnings within a national economy.
		The definition was modified to that of 60% of net earnings (as of July 2004) in order to take account of the difficulties experienced in taking into account initiatives such as redistributive tax systems when calculating adequate incomes.
		There are a number of anomalies between the previous use of this threshold by UK campaigning groups and the way in which it is understood by the Secretariat of the European Social Charter.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/European_decency_threshold (364 words)

	Embassy of Ireland - Washington, DC
		The Revised European Social Charter takes account of developments in labour law and social policies since the original Charter was drawn up in 1961.
		The Revised Charter is a comprehensive international treaty which brings together in a single instrument all the rights guaranteed in the Charter and a 1988 Additional Protocol to it.
		Convention C048 has not been ratified by Ireland, mainly because at the time of last review of the convention in 1971, the issue of social insurance of migrants outside of those going to the UK was not significant for Ireland.
	www.irelandemb.org /ANNEX3.htm (514 words)

	EUROPEAN ORGANISATIONS - Council of Europe - Activities - European Social Charter (Turin, 18 October 1961)
		Rules of Procedure of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (16 November 1989)
		European Convention for the Prevention of Torture (Strasbourg, 26 November 1987)
		European NAvigator (ENA) is a free multimedia knowledge base developed by the Centre Virtuel de la Connaissance sur l'Europe (Virtual Resource Centre for Knowledge about Europe).
	www.ena.lu /europe/council/european-social-charter-turin-1961.htm (875 words)

	Duma discusses ratification of European Social Charter - Pravda.Ru
		According to the Duma Committee on Labour and Social Policy, the participants in the hearings are going to discuss all issues related to the preparation of the charter's ratification, including economic, legal, constitutional and other aspects.
		The European Social Charter was adopted by the Council of Europe in 1961 and is dedicated to formulation and protection of social rights.
		It envisages guarantees of real implementation of such fundamental social rights as the right to labour, social and medical assistance, vocational training, just conditions of work, freedom of association, the right to bargain collectively, the rights of children and young persons, employed women, disabled and old persons, migrant workers and their families.
	english.pravda.ru /politics/2002/12/17/40899_.html (444 words)

	Additional Protocol to the European Social Charter, E.T.S. 128, May 5, 1988, not in force. (via CobWeb/3.1 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The provisions of this Protocol shall not prejudice the provisions of the Charter.
		Any Party bound by the Charter and this Protocol which denounces the Charter in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 37 thereof, will be considered to have denounced the Protocol likewise.
		This provision is not to be interpreted as requiring the Parties to embody in laws or regulations a list of occupations which, by reason of their nature or the context in which they are carried out, may be reserved to persons of a particular sex.
	www1.umn.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /humanrts/instree/ap-europeansocialcharter.htm (2245 words)

	EMIRE: ITALY - EUROPEAN SOCIAL CHARTER
		Treaty establishing the principles which should govern the social policy of the various European signatory states.
		Its main provisions include a ban on discrimination in matters of social rights and the adoption of regulations on employment protection for minors and working mothers.
		A new Social Charter was the subject of solemn declarations of principle by the EEC Council of Ministers in December 1989.
	www.eurofound.eu.int /emire/ITALY/EUROPEANSOCIALCHARTER-IT.html (127 words)

	Greece - European Committee of Social Rights
		The IFHR alleged that Greece does not comply with the provisions of article 1(2) of the Charter concerning the prohibition of forced labour, in view of various provisions of national law.
		The IFHR recalled that this provision had been found by the Committee to violate the Charter and was the subject of several recommendations of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe.
		Article 16 on the right of the family to social, legal and economic protection - Equal treatment is not guaranteed as regards the entitlement to family allowances.
	www.hri.ca /fortherecord2000/euro2000/vol2/greeceecsr.htm (986 words)

	PAIL Institute Publications :: The European Social Charter
		The European Social Charter was signed on October 18, 1961, by thirteen of the member states of the Council of Europe.
		The Charter grew out of a desire to prevent a recurrence of the violations of rights that Europeans had witnessed during the Second World War and to secure Western Europe against the threat of communism.
		This outstanding study of the evolution and implementation of the European Social Charter assesses relations between law and the internal social policies of states and points to new possibilities for guaranteeing social and economic rights through international agreements and supervision.
	www.pail-institute.org /publications/pail_17.shtml (661 words)

	stopVAW -- Bosnia and Herzegovina Signs the European Social Charter
		The charter is designated to enforce an international guarantee of fundamental social and economic rights.
		The revised document embodies all rights guaranteed by the European Social Charter and the additional Protocol.
		In addition, the revised Charter makes several amendments to existing provisions to include reinforcement of the principle of non-discrimination; improvement of gender equality in all fields covered by the treaty; better protection of maternity and social protection of mothers, and; better social, legal and economic protection of employed children.
	www.stopvaw.org /7Jul20043.html (190 words)

	European Social Charter
		1.The provisions of the Additional Protocol to the European Social Charter providing for a system of collective complaints shall apply to the undertakings given in this Charter for the States which have ratified the said Protocol.
		1.In time of war or other public emergency threatening the life of the nation any Party may take measures derogating from its obligations under this Charter to the extent strictly required by the exigencies of the situation, provided that such measures are not inconsistent with its other obligations under international law.
		2.The restrictions permitted under this Charter to the rights and obligations set forth herein shall not be applied for any purpose other than that for which they have been prescribed.
	www.hrcr.org /docs/Social_Charter/soccharter8.html (877 words)

	OUP: UK General Catalogue
		Social rights, while traditionally the neglected sibling within the human rights family, have been prominent on the agenda in Europe in recent years.
		The debate over the justiciability of social rights in the EU's Charter of Fundamental Rights, and the revision of the Council of Europe's European Social Charter, have contributed in different ways to this prominence.
		Writers who are familiar with, and in some cases who have worked within, the various European systems assess different aspects of their functioning, including their respective mechanisms for monitoring and enforcement.
	www.oup.com /uk/catalogue/?ci=9780199287994 (655 words)

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