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Topic: European settlers

	Maine Native American Essay Contest, 2005-06 Essays
		One of the key factors in the failure of treaties between Wabanakis and European settlers was the concept of the land.
		European settlers often relied upon their knowledge of the land and their wide network of trade.
		European settlers were attracted by the long bays along the coast of Maine.
	www.state.me.us /sos/kids/nativeamerican/essays05-06.htm (2396 words)

	Native American Clashes with European Settlers
		As part of their negotiations, the British secured three treaties which opened the western Virginia frontier to European settlement: Treaty of Albany (1722) and Treaty of Lancaster (1744) with the Six Nations and Treaty of Logstown (1752) with the Delaware and Shawnee.
		With the frontier again open, settlers flooded into western Virginia and the speculators made small fortunes in rent on the lands they had acquired.
		Frontier settlers, such as Lewis Wetzel, Samuel Brady, and Simon Girty, formed independent military units to combat these attacks, often perpetrating brutal assaults on Native Americans.
	www.wvculture.org /hiStory/indland.html (1804 words)

	Pajer-Rogers Research Article
		Since Europeans first landed on the American continent, militaristic, economic, and social tensions have existed between European explorers and settlers and the indigenous population of the Americas.
		This reasoning neglects the fact that Europeans were reliant on Indians and had to engage in political, military, and economic maneuvering in their relations with Indians: first to survive, then to thrive.
		Because the Indians did not rely on the Europeans for anything on Roanoke, the colony was doomed to failure because of the settlers' ignorance of wilderness survival.
	www.unh.edu /inquiryjournal/05/articles/pajerrogers.htm (2420 words)

	Forest:People in Forests:Settlement:Agriculture
		Among the early settler, forest were considered to be the first and best choice for agriculture until the middle 1800s.
		The prairies became more attractive as agricultural lands when settlers recognized their fertile soils and the self-scouring plow was developed in 1837.
		Settlers in Illinois still used wood from trees on their property to build their homes and make their furniture, tools, and utensils like the ones in the Illinois State Museum collection.
	www.museum.state.il.us /muslink/forest/htmls/re_ag.html (346 words)

	Olivia Smith
		European settlers thought that Indians were "uncivilized" and it was their duty to push them westward.
		The European settlers that first arrived on the shores of the United States took in the abundance of the land and proceeded to thrive on it.
		The Europeans justified their actions towards the Indians because the Indians were "wasting the land." The Indians only used what they felt was necessary, and some tribes roamed from one place to another.
	www.msu.edu /user/smitholi/essay1a.htm (2640 words)

	The Birth of a City (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The new settlers were welcomed by warm spring weather and began the task of building settlers' barracks on the foreshore near what is now the Exchange, while they waited for the April arrival of the "Philip Laing".
		Settlers who had purchased parcels of land before emigrating were occupied selecting their quarter acre town sections, as part of a package that included 10 acres suburban and 50 acres of rural land.
		By the beginning of June the settlers were housed in two flimsy barracks which the men, with Maori assistance and advice, built on the foreshore, about where John Wickliffe House now stands.
	www.cityofdunedin.com /city/?page=history_birth (1543 words)

	Mormon Settlers Brought European Place Names (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		An early convert to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Edmunds was one of thousands of Mormon pioneers with European roots who helped colonize the American West, and who left part of their heritage in the names of the communities they settled.
		It was the place of the first European baptisms in 1837 â” 10 years before Salt Lake City was founded â” and today is the site of the oldest continuous Latter-day Saint congregation outside North America.
		Settlers patterned their new community after similar mining towns in their homeland of Wales, closely spacing corrals and houses along the road.
	www.lds.org /newsroom/showpackage/0,15367,3899-1--34-2-538,00.html (995 words)

	Australia - European Settlement
		From the European point of view, the establishment of a settlement in Australia is the story of an adventurous voyage to an unknown part of the world, and a heroic struggle to overcome difficulties and survive in a hostile environment.
		The spread of European civilisation throughout the continent was a conquest which led to the near destruction of Aboriginal civilisation.
		Where Europeans lived in small numbers, such tactics created widespread fear, and the settlers were sometimes defeated and forced to abandoned their farms.
	www.janesoceania.com /australia_europeans/index.htm (2543 words)

	Chapter II: Algerian Independence and the Making of “Repatriates”
		The metropolitan view of settlers was manifest in the displacement of their own angst toward colonialism, which they themselves had presumably rejected as archaic, outdated, and “racist”.
		The radicalization of the settler community after the Battle of Algiers in 1957 resulted in a military coup supported by four generals of the French Army in 1961, known as the generals’ putsch, which further exacerbated the growing hostility between the settler elite and de Gaulle after 1960.
		The determination to preserve cultural autonomy for settlers again reflected the duality in the French discourse: The criterion for becoming a minority community was a legal one but in practice, they assumed the characteristics of a culturally defined community.
	www.history.ucla.edu /events/coll-conf/eurocoll/Sung_Choi_Settlers.html (7281 words)

	Guns Germs & Steel: The Show. Episode Three. Transcript \| PBS
		Their horses and oxen had been a big part of the European advantage elsewhere in the world – oxen as draught animals, and horses as their military animals, but here their animals were dying.
		Voiceover: European crops had grown well in the Cape, because the Cape was a mirror of the European world, lying on a similar latitude.
		Here it was indigenous germs, to which Europeans had not a history of exposure, and so here we have guns germs and steel again, but the germs working in the opposite direction, killing Europeans.The settlers and their imported livestock had fallen victim to a host of tropical infections and diseases.
	www.pbs.org /gunsgermssteel/show/transcript3.html (4922 words)

	NCDA&CS - North Carolina Agriculture History
		This was the system used by the American Indians, it was the system adopted by European settlers, and it is a system still used in much of the world today.
		Settlers further west on the Pamlico River encountered opposition by the Tuscarora Indians that resulted in the massacre of 200 settlers in only three hours in 1711.
		European settlers were actively recruited to settle the North Carolina swampland.
	www.ncagr.com /stats/history/history.htm (1356 words)

	St. Lawrence County Agricultural Development Plan - Chapter 1
		As European settlers entered the region that later became St. Lawrence County they were faced with what they considered a forested wilderness.The journey to this area for the first European settlers was difficult at best.
		The early settlers who came at the end of the 18th century could get to this region via 3 different routes: from New England via the Chateaugay Trail, from the Mohawk Valley and Black River Valley(7), and from the St. Lawrence River.
		The first settlers planted corn and potatoes by making a hole with the "bit" of an axe, dropping seeds in, and covering up the seeds with their foot.
	www.co.st-lawrence.ny.us /slcpo/chapter1.html (1328 words)

	Imperialism
		Europeans invested large sums of money abroad, building railroads and ports, mines and plantations, factories and public utilities.
		European economic penetration was very often peaceful, but Europeans (and Americans) were also quite willing to force isolationist nations such as China and Japan to throw open their doors to Westerners.
		Competition for trade, superior military force, European power politics, and a racist belief in European superiority were among the most important.
	www.fresno.k12.ca.us /schools/s090/lloyd/imperialism.htm (367 words)

	THE MAKING OF A NATION #6 - Settlers & Indians Clash
		It is the story of the relations between Europeans and the natives who had lived for thousands of years in the area we now call North America.
		The settlers also knew that a battle would result in their own, quick defeat because they were so few in number.
		The European settlers failed to understand that the Native American Indians were extremely religious people with a strong belief in unseen powers.
	www.dangerouscitizen.com /Articles/982.aspx (1430 words)

	European Americans in North Carolina (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The first settlers came from England to Roanoke Island, on the North Carolina coast.
		Europeans contributed much to the cultural arts in the state.
		Europeans also brought a variety of art to the state.
	its.guilford.k12.nc.us /ncdiversity/european.htm (256 words)

	Great Smoky Mountain History
		The first permanent settlers brought many of the traditions of their homelands to the Smokies as they climbed the North Carolina Piedmont and passed into rich mountain valleys.
		Settlers chose American chestnut and yellow poplar hardwoods for their insect and rot resistance.
		Settlers harnessed the power of water by constructing mills along the mountains' many creeks and streams.
	www.allthesmokies.com /european_arrivals.html (481 words)

	EJP \| News \| UK \| European Gaza settlers speak out
		They are amongst the estimated 8,000 Gaza Strip settlers who will be told to pack up and leave their homes from Monday 15 August.
		Despite media portrayals of the settlers as hardcore extremists, more than 60 per cent have already accepted compensation packages, while many of the others are not intending to resist the army’s orders, according to government figures.
		Like many settlers in the Gush Katif bloc, the Jewish section of the Gaza Strip, Rukin has no idea where he will be sent when his home is evacuated.
	www.ejpress.org /article/2114 (650 words)

	Forest:People in Forests:Settlement:Resources
		European settlers used many of the same plants as Native Americans for food.
		Settlers and their livestock ate pecans, walnuts, and wild fruits such as pawpaw and wild plum.
		When European settlers first moved out onto the prairies in the 1830s, they initially chose smaller prairies with groves or savannas for wood as home sites.
	www.museum.state.il.us /muslink/forest/htmls/re_res.html (344 words)

	European Settlement
		Depiction of the first meeting between the native people and the white European settlers at the site of what is now known as the port of New Orleans circa 1682.
		Advancements in logging technology such as the pullboat, the overhead cableway skidder and the advent of rail transportation in the latter part of the 1800's increased the yield of harvested baldcypress trees to the point where the last of the old-growth trees was harvested by the 1920's.
		However, the offshore industry is having a negative impact on coastal wetlands due to channel digging to install and maintain oil/gas rigs and pipelines and due to the extraction of oil and gas from the Gulf sea floor which may be contriubuting to the susidence of the Gulf ocean floor and the adjacent wetlands.
	www.uvm.edu /~awcarpen/nr260/settlement.html (882 words)

	European Settlement in Puget Sound
		The presence of Europeans also meant the presence of European diseases and it is estimated that the Native American population in the Puget Sound area decreased from 20,000 in the late 1700's to 7,000 by 1833.
		In 1847, a tribe blamed the new settlers as the cause of disease and killed thirteen Europeans in the Puget Sound area.
		A group of settlers in 1851 lived with the Duwamish tribe and gave the tribe European goods in return for their labor.
	www.uvm.edu /~ksjennin/nr260/europeans.html (698 words)

	essay1b
		From the very beginning, European settlers had no respect for the Indians, because of their behavioral, cultural, and skin color differences.
		The Europeans justified these actions towards the Indians because the Indians were “wasting the land.” European settlers believed that you should build towns, raise crops, and secure a home and community.
		When in contact with European colonists, the Choctaws “condemned the English for allowing their poor to suffer from hunger.” (89) The Choctaws were seen as a kind group, sharing just about everything.
	www.msu.edu /user/smitholi/essay1b.htm (1696 words)

	davistown plantation, norumbega history and chronology
		When the first European settlers arrived at Plymouth in 1620 they were a prelude to a great migration of Puritan dissenters who came to settle the Massachusetts Bay Colony beginning in 1630.
		What was a trickle of settlers to Maine in the early 17th century became a flood after 1630 and by 1675 the population of coastal Maine during the first colonial dominion was in excess of 10,000 people.
		Tibbetts was one of the last survivors of the initial wave of settlers that had moved into the Davistown Plantation; he moved to Liberty in 1815, had 12 children, 50 grandchildren and was famous for his prowess as an ax man and a farmer.
	www.davistownmuseum.org /TDMhistory.htm (7164 words)

	Milena Klimek
		Some of the native foods that European settlers noticed included most of what the Native Indians feasted on, but many of the settlers had never seen such foodstuffs.
		Inundated with the variety and abundance of new foods, the settlers experienced the range of wild fowl such as, mallards, teal, the Canada goose, partridge, loon, wild turkey, and prairie chickens in southwestern Minnesota prairie chickens were so thick that the settlers didn't waste shells to shoot them, instead, they trapped them.
		Europeans also integrated many of their already global food sources in the Minnesota landscape.
	www.stolaf.edu /depts/cis/wp/klimek/mealspaste.html (1035 words)

	Europeans Arrive - History - Mozambique - Africa
		By the mid-16th century, European settlers had begun to penetrate the Mozambican interior, occasionally encountering stern resistance from inhabitants.
		The Portuguese established fortified mining camps in the highlands of western Mozambique and northern Zimbabwe, but Portugal had difficulty attracting European settlers into the area.
		Partly as a result, the Rozwi chief Changamire was able to lead a revolt in 1693 that succeeded in expelling the Portuguese from most of the highlands.
	www.countriesquest.com /africa/mozambique/history/europeans_arrive.htm (442 words)

	Summary of Native American Religions
		Whatever differences there were between denominations were insignificant when compared to the differences between the white European Christianity and their counterparts on the continent, the resident Native Americans.
		Armed with technologically advanced weapons, diseases which were foreign to the continent, and a concept known as Manifest Destiny, European settlers began an assault on the North American Continent the result of which was nothing short of genocide.
		The absence of a written language among most tribes force them to depend on aril traditions that were difficult to maintain as their civilizations were being killed off and separated by the dominant white culture.
	are.as.wvu.edu /ruvolo.htm (3148 words)

	aroundmaine.com from Time Warner Cable
		As the European immigrants began to compete for resources with native populations, and native groups got tied up into European conflicts, war took its toll.
		Early settlers had brought European diseases with them, so when the struggle to dominate New England began, the Europeans were facing an opponent whose population was greatly reduced by disease, and who had a distinct disadvantage in both resources and technology.
		They were peddlers; they made baskets and peddled them to settlers when the settlers started coming inlots of different ways that they survived," explains Lecompte.
	www.aroundmaine.com /03/abenaki (583 words)

	Berkshire Taconic :: Human history :: Political boundary disputes between European Settlers
		When you look at a map of the states and towns in the Berkshire Taconic region, it may seem as though their borders have always been right where they are today.
		In fact, during the 18th century, many settlers argued--and sometimes fought--over who had the rights to which plot of land and just where various boundary lines should be drawn.
		John Van Gelder, the son of an Indian father and a European mother, had a settlement in present-day Guilder Hollow, in Egremont, Massachusetts.
	www.lastgreatplaces.org /berkshire/history/art6160.html (444 words)

	The Aborigines
		The Aborigines thought that the fair-skinned European settlers were the spirits of their dead ancestors.
		With the increase in the number of white settlers, the Aborigines found themselves being pushed to the interior and infertile parts of the land.
		In accordance with the ideas of racial superiority, many Europeans believed that the Aborigines must not be treated as their equals.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/cultures_of_world/80072 (273 words)

	Pākehā - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The word first came into use soon after the arrival of European settlers to New Zealand in the late 18th century.
		Some early European settlers who lived among the Māori became known as Pākehā Māori.
		European New Zealanders vary in their attitude toward the word "Pākehā" as applied to themselves.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pakeha (833 words)

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