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Topic: Euskadi Ta Askatasuna

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	Euskadi ta Askatasuna
		A separate republic, Euskadi, existed briefly in 1936–37, during the Spanish Civil War.
		As Euskadi supported the Republican Spanish government, its capital Guernica was virtually destroyed by German and Italian bombers supporting General Franco.
		After talks in May 1999 between ETA and the Spanish government held in Zurich, Switzerland, failed to produce agreement, the ceasefire was ended in November and January 2000 saw violence resume.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0046874.html (549 words)

	ETA - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, or ETA (IPA: [ˈɛːta]), is an armed Basque separatist organisation that seeks, through violence, to create an independent socialist state for the Basque people, separate from Spain and France, the states that currently control the Basque country.
		ETA is considered by Spain, France, the European Union and the United States to be a terrorist organization.
		ETA operates mainly in Spain, particularly in the Basque Country, Navarre, and (to a lesser degree) Madrid, Barcelona, and the tourist areas of the Mediterranean coast of Spain.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/ETA (4986 words)

	Euskadi Ta Askatasuna
		ETA had its origin in a nationalist group, EKIN, formed as a result of the moderate actions of the Partido Nacionalista Vasco (PNV, Basque Nationalist Party) during the Franco regime.
		ETA was the only armed group to emerge in the Spanish State during the Franco era.
		While ETA is operationally headquartered in the Basque provinces of Spain and France, the organization is reported to have members and underground supporters in locations as diverse as Algeria, Argentina, Belgium, Cape Verde, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Germany, Holland, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Panama, Sao Tome and Principe, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
	www.eyespymag.com /euskadaaaskatasuna.htm (1133 words)

	Encyclopedia: Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, or ETA, is a Basque paramilitary group that seeks to create an independent socialist state for the Basque people, separate from Spain and France, the countries in which Basque-populated areas currently lie.
		ETA is known to have had contacts with the Irish Republican Army; the two groups have both, at times, characterized their struggles as parallel.
		Also in 1995 came a failed ETA car bombing attempt directed against José María Aznar, a conservative politician who was leader of the then-opposition Partido Popular (PP) and was shortly after elected to the presidency of the government; their was also an abortive attempt in Majorca on the life of King Juan Carlos I.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Euskadi-Ta-Askatasuna (4657 words)

	Euskadi ta Askatasuna
		A truce was called in 1989 and secret negotiations between government and ETA representatives were held in Algeria, but the talks broke down and guerrilla activity resumed.
		In 1995 ETA announced it would stop its campaign of killings if the government agreed to a referendum on Basque independence, but Prime Minister Gonzalez responded by launching a major police offensive against the organization.
		ETA violence continued unabated, however, claiming the lives of a Supreme Court judge and his two bodyguards in late October, and Ernest Lluch, a former socialist minister, the following month.
	www.thehistorychannel.co.uk /site/encyclopedia/article_show/Euskadi_ta_Askatasuna/m0046874.html (867 words)

	ETA (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna)
		ETA has a Marxists political ideology but its made focus is on the creation of an Independent homeland for the Basque people known as Euskadi.
		ETA’s first terrorist actions were bombings in the Spanish cities of Bilbao, Vitoria and Santander in 1959, followed by an attempt to derail train carrying civil war veterans in 1961.
		ETA’s campaign of violence was quickly loosing popular support and after the brutal murder of a young Basque politician in July 1997 over 6 million Spanish people took to the streets to protest against ETA.
	www.historyofwar.org /articles/weapons_eta.html (826 words)

	Basque Homeland and Freedom
		ETA had its origin in a nationalist group, EKIN, formed as a result of the moderate actions of the Partido Nacionalista Vasco (PNV, Basque Nationalist Party) during the Franco regime.
		ETA was the only armed group to emerge in the Spanish State during the Franco era.
		While ETA is operationally headquartered in the Basque provinces of Spain and France, the organization is reported to have members and underground supporters in locations as diverse as Algeria, Argentina, Belgium, Cape Verde, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Germany, Holland, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Panama, Sao Tome and Principe, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
	www.ict.org.il /inter_ter/orgdet.cfm?orgid=8 (1133 words)

	Les Enfants Terribles. Askatasuna Aurrera: Note dal cuore di Euskal Herria
		Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ruba in Francia 44 chili di plastico a combustione rapida per la "Madre di Satana"
		Ancora polemiche sui servizi informazione francesi accusati di "chiudere gli occhi" sulle operazioni di Euskadi Ta Askatasuna.
		Socialisti ostaggi dei popolari: in questo contesto che congiuntamente alla rabbia di Euskadi Ta Askatasuna sarà difficile gettare nuove radici in grado di offrire altre condizioni per un nuovo tavolo delle trattative.
	www.lesenfantsterribles.org /askatasuna (1594 words)

	ipedia.com: ETA Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The ETA group operates mainly in Spain and was founded in 1959, positioning itself as a resistance movement to General Franco's violent oppression of the Basques.
		ETA prisoners are deliberately dispersed across Spain and France, some as far from their families as in the Salto del Negro prison in the Canary Islands.
		ETA was initially suspected of being the authors of a series of ten bombings which targeted three locations along Madrid's suburban train lines on the morning of March 11, 2004, killing 192 persons (see 11 March 2004 Madrid attacks).
	www.ipedia.com /eta_1.html (2773 words)

	Euskal Herria Journal \| A Basque Journal \| Navarre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The initial ideology of ETA was inspired by the nationalism of Sabino Arana, whose main elements are the Basque race, religion, Euskara, Basque traditions and sovereignty.
		ETA's targets have been for the most part the security forces and their collaborators, as well as those involved in the construction of the nuclear plant Lemoiz, drug trafficking, and ecological destruction.
		ETA and the Basque national liberation movement, which ETA leads, have had a great impact on the social, cultural, and political life of the Basque territories.
	www.contrast.org /mirrors/ehj/navarre/na_history_birtheta.html (1571 words)

	ETA (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna)
		ETA has a Marxists political ideology but its made focus is on the creation of an Independent homeland for the Basque people known as Euskadi.
		ETA’s first terrorist actions were bombings in the Spanish cities of Bilbao, Vitoria and Santander in 1959, followed by an attempt to derail train carrying civil war veterans in 1961.
		ETA’s campaign of violence was quickly loosing popular support and after the brutal murder of a young Basque politician in July 1997 over 6 million Spanish people took to the streets to protest against ETA.
	www.rickard.karoo.net /articles/weapons_eta.html (806 words)

	Euskal Herria Journal \| A Basque Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Euskadi Ta Askatasuna said the target of the August 4 blast - a headquarters of the paramilitary Civil Guard in the resort town of Santa Pola - was a legitimate military target.
		The court sentence said Francisco Mugica was in charge of "directing ETA commandos from France" and proposed that a group of four militants attack the bus carrying officers of the military academy in the city of Zaragoza.
		In December ETA was labelled a terrorist organisation by the European Union, but at that time the EU refused to include Batasuna on its list of terrorist groups, in part because it is a legal political party that has one member elected to the European Parliament.
	members.freespeech.org /ehj/news/n_conpol_chro2002.html (7201 words)

	BLOGGERS PROGRESISTAS POR LA PAZ EN EL PAÍS VASCO
		Zuzenbide Estatuak eta Demokrazioak irmotasuna erakutsi arren, halere posible dela negoziazioaren bidetik bideratzea legeen eta Giza Eskubideekiko errespetutik apartatutako hainbat gizarte- eta politika-eragile garrantzitsu.
		Hortaz, kolektibo hori ezin da ahots bakar batean sartu, eta are gutxiago zuzendaritza sektario eta politizatu batek (espainiar eskuin nazionalistaren lerroetan argi eta garbi sartuta dagoenak) bahituta daukan elkarte baten ahotsean; biktimek elkarte bat baino gehiago izaki.
		Borondate irmoa dugula Bakearen etsaiei orain eta beti aurre egiteko (etsai horiek edozein pentsaera politiko izan eta edozein bide erabiliagatik), ezkerreko gizon-emakume garen aldetik dugun konpromisoari dagokion moduan.
	progresistasporlapaz.blogspot.com (2910 words)

	pitius Web Log
		Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ha decidido declarar un alto el fuego permanente a partir del 24 de marzo de 2006.
		ETA hace un llamamiento a las autoridades de España y Francia para que respondan de manera positiva a esta nueva situación, dejando a un lado la represión.
		ETA muestra su deseo y voluntad de que el proceso abierto llegue hasta el final, y así conseguir una verdadera situación democrática para Euskal Herria, superando el conflicto de largos años y construyendo una paz basada en la justicia.
	www.lacomunitat.net /blog.php?user=pitius (606 words)

	ETA - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, or ETA, is the name of an illegal and armed Basque group that seeks to create an independent state for the Basque people, separate from Spain and France, the countries in which Basque-populated areas currently lie.
		ETA is believed to be financed principally by a so-called "revolutionary tax", paid by many businesses in the Basque Country and enforced by the threat of assassination.
		A Euskobarómetro [2] poll (conducted by the Universidad del País Vasco) in the Basque Country in May 2004, found that a significant number of Basques supported some or all of ETA's goals (33% favored Basque independence, 31% federalism, 32% autonomy, 2% centralism.
	open-encyclopedia.com /ETA (4510 words)

	elmundo.es \| Especial ETA: la dictadura del terror \| Historia
		Un grupo de estudiantes radicales disidentes del colectivo EKIN –nacido en 1952 para reaccionar contra la pasividad y el acomodo que en su opinión padecía el PNV– funda Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (Euskadi y Libertad).
		Es el nacimiento de ETA, una alternativa ideológica a los postulados del PNV con cuatro pilares básicos: la defensa del euskara, el etnicismo (como fase superadora del racismo), el antiespañolismo y la independencia de los territorios que, según reivindican, pertenecen a Euskadi: Álava, Vizcaya, Guipúzcoa, Navarra (en España), Lapurdi, Baja Navarra y Zuberoa (en Francia).
		En estos primeros años, la policía persigue a sus miembros, que se dedican a colocar pequeños artefactos sin apenas consecuencias, hacer pintadas de «Gora Euskadi» (Viva Euskadi) y colocar ikurriñas.
	www.elmundo.es /eta/historia (239 words)

	Euskadi ta Askatasuna - susning.nu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		ETA (förkortning för baskiska Euskadi ta Askatasuna 'Baskerlandet och friheten'), terrororganisation i Spanien som förespråkar de baskiska områdenas återförening och fullständiga självständighet?
		ETA bildades år 1959 men bedrev inte väpnad verksamhet förrän från år 1965.
		Ett drygt år senare beslöt ETA att återuppta den väpnade kampen, som fram till dess krävt ca 800 människoliv, eftersom inga framsteg gjorts.
	www.susning.nu /Euskadi_ta_Askatasuna (453 words)

	Basque Fatherland and Liberty a.k.a Euzkadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)
		Basque Fatherland and Liberty a.k.a Euzkadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) was founded in 1959 with the aim of creating an independent homeland in Spain's Basque region.
		The size and strength of the ETA is unknown though it may have hundreds of members, plus supporters.
		ETA has killed over 800 persons since it began lethal attacks in the early 1960s; responsible for murdering 13 persons in 1997.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/para/eta.htm (393 words)

	Random Thoughts From Marybeth: Euskadi Ta Askatasuna
		ETA is seldom at the forefront of the news here.
		While most Basques abhor terrorism, they are as frustrasted as ETA with the Spanish governments repressive actions in the past few years.
		ETA declared a ceasefire in 1999, but even during that time, the Spanish government refused Basques the right to self-determination (as in the right to vote on whether to separate from Spain as Quebec did a few years back).
	www.findercreations.us /randomthoughts/archives/000230.html (779 words)

	Euskal Herria Journal \| A Basque Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		French police on Saturday arrested a Basque refugee Spain accusses of being a member of the pro-indenpendence Basque organization Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA, Basque Homeland and Freedom) near the town of Donibane Lohizune in the Basque province of Lapurdi.
		Explosives used in the attack were part of a stock of dynamite stolen in September from a company in the Breton town of Plevin, according to local news.
		French anti-terrorism judge Laurence Le Vert jailed suspected ETA member Julia Moreno Macuso who was charged with "association with criminals." French police arrested Moreno Macuso last Sunday when she tried to escape a routine road check near the Basque city of Baiona.
	members.freespeech.org /ehj/news/n_conpol_chro00apr.html (911 words)

	Euskadi ta Askatasuna (ETA), Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Euskadi ta Askatasuna--History - Nationalism--Spain--País Vasco (Region)--History - Resistance to Government--Spain--País Vasco (Region) - País Vasco (Spain)--History--Autonomy and Independence Movements.
		Euskadi ta Askatasuna - Nationalism--Spain--País Vasco (Region)--History--20th Century - Terrorism--Spain--País Vasco (Region)--History--20th Century - País Vasco (Spain)--Politics and Govenment--20th Century.
		ETA and Basque nationalism: the fight for Euskadi, 1890-1986.
	users.skynet.be /terrorism/html/spain_eta.htm (2218 words)

	Euskal Herria Journal \| A Basque Journal \| News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Nov 5, 1998 -- Euskadi Ta Askatasuna reaffirms indefinite truce.
		April 29, 1998---- Euskadi Ta Askatasuna issues a communique announcing that recent events in the Basque Country in Spain would change the "depth of the Basque conflict."
		March 1998, 1998---- Spanish writers, professors, lawyers and magistrates issue a manifesto in favor of dialogue between the Spanish government and ETA.
	www.ehj-navarre.org /news/n_conpol_chron1998.html (444 words)

	>> C O N T R A S T A N T <<
		Declaración de Euskadi Ta Askatasuna a Eushal Herria (espanyol, euskera i francès)
		Mensaje de Euskadi Ta Askatasuna al pueblo vasco
		Propuesta de Nuevo Estatuto de la Comunidad de Euskadi
	www.contrastant.net /docs.htm (272 words)

	ETA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, or ETA (IPA: [ˈɛːta]), is an armed Basque terrorist organisation that seeks to create an independent socialist state for the Basque people, separate from Spain and France, the states that currently control the Basque country.
		The organization was founded in 1959 and evolved rapidly from a group advocating traditional cultural ways to an armed resistance movement.
		A Euskobarómetro http://www.ehu.es/cpvweb/paginas/euskobarometro.html poll (conducted by the Universidad del País Vasco) in the Basque Country in May 2004, found that a significant number of Basques supported some or all of ETA's goals (33% favored Basque independence, 31% federalism, 32% autonomy, 2% centralism.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/E/ETA.htm (4727 words)

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