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	Evangelista Torricelli - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Evangelista Torricelli (October 15, 1608 - October 25, 1647) was an Italian physicist and mathematician.
		After Galileo's death Torricelli was nominated grand-ducal mathematician and professor of mathematics in the Florentine academy.
		Torricelli is also famous for the discovery of an infinitely long solid now called Gabriel's horn, whose surface area is infinite, but whose volume is finite.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Evangelista_Torricelli (391 words)

	The Galileo Project
		Torricelli was a cautious man, not inclined to tilt at authority, and astronomy simply disappeared from his scientific work.
		Torricelli was perhaps the most gifted lens grinder of his age, who made many telescopes and who developed a microscope using tiny drops of crystal the size of a grain of millet.
		Torricelli's means of support in the period 1632-41 is wholly unclear, but there is some evidence that he was secretary to Ciampoli at least part of the time.
	galileo.rice.edu /Catalog/NewFiles/toriceli.html (1400 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Evangelista Torricelli
		Torricelli was educated at the Jesuit college of Faenza, where he showed such great aptitude for the sciences that his uncle, a religious of the order of the Camaldolesi, sent him to Rome in 1626 for the purpose of study.
		Galileo invited Torricelli to his house but for personal reasons he was unable to accept until three months before the death of the blind scientist (1641).
		Torricelli's honesty, manliness, and modesty are distinctly shown in his reply.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14784a.htm (533 words)

	Evangelista Torricelli: The Invention of the Barometer
		Evangelista Torricelli, an Italian mathematician and scientist, questioned that assumption, and proposed that the air had weight, and that it was the weight of the air (not the attractive force of the vacuum as many thought) which held (or rather, pushed) up the column of water.
		Early in 1644, a friend of Torricelli carried out Torricelli's experiment, and it was seen that the mercury (which was known to be fourteen times heavier than water) stopped flowing into the basin when the level in the tube reached a height fourteen times smaller than that at which water stopped.
		Torricelli also noticed that the level of the fluid in the tube changed slightly each day and concluded that this was due to the changing pressure in the atmosphere.
	www.juliantrubin.com /bigten/torricellibarometer.html (753 words)

	energy and matter aim 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Torricelli, Evangelista (1608-1647) was an Italian physicist and mathematician who is best known for his invention of the barometer.
		Torricelli was born on 15 October 1608 in Faenza and was educated, mainly in mathematics, at the Sapienza College, Rome.
		Torricelli also noticed that the height of the mercury column varied slightly from day to day and finally came to the conclusion that this was a reflection of variations in atmospheric pressure.
	www.chemcool.com /biography/torricelli.htm (261 words)

	Evangelista Torricelli (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In 1646 Torricelli described an experiment in which a glass tube about a meter long was sealed at one end, filled with mercury, and then inverted into a dish filled with mercury, as shown below.
		Torricelli explained this by assuming that mercury drains from the glass tube until the force of the column of mercury pushing down on the inside of the tube exactly balances the force of the atmosphere pushing down on the surface of the liquid outside the tube.
		Torricelli predicted that the height of the mercury column would change from day to day as the pressure of the atmosphere changed.
	chemed.chem.purdue.edu /genchem/history/torricelli.html (326 words)

	Torricelli's Barometer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The invention of the barometer by Evangelista Torricelli (1608 - 1647) is entangled with the ecclesiastical and academic politics of the 17th century.
		Torricelli reasoned that the column of water was supported by the difference in force between the weight of air on the tank and the vacuum in the space.
		Torricelli wrote about the experiment in a letter to Michelangelo Ricci, a fellow mathematician, in June of 1644.
	home.att.net /~v.d.singleton/genchem/torr.htm (1134 words)

	Torricelli (print-only)
		Evangelista was the eldest of his parents three children, having two younger brothers at least one of whom went on to work with cloth.
		Certain facts are clear, namely that Torricelli's father died in or before 1626 and that his mother moved to Rome for she was certainly living there in 1641 at the time of her death.
		Torricelli began by Galileo Galileo that he was a professional mathematician and that he had studied the classical texts of Apollonius, Archimedes and Theodosius.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /history/Printonly/Torricelli.html (2800 words)

	NewsScan Publishing Inc. - NewsScan Daily Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Torricelli was a friend and disciple of Galileo, and during the final three month's of Galileo's life, Torricelli served him as secretary and companion.
		Torricelli was born near Ravenna, Italy, to relatively poor parents, who upon recognizing remarkable intelligence placed him under the care of his uncle, a Camaldolese monk, for his early education.
		After Galileo's heresy trial in 1633, Torricelli realized that he would be on dangerous ground were he to continue with his interests in the Copernican theory, so he deliberately shifted his attention onto mathematical areas that seemed less controversial.
	www.newsscan.com /cgi-bin/findit_view?table=honorary_subscriber&id=700 (465 words)

	A History of Science Volume II - Part VI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Torricelli's discovery was made in 1643, less than two years after the death of his master.
		Torricelli was able to demonstrate that the height at which the water stood depended upon nothing but its weight as compared with the weight of air.
		This led to a long debate, during which Torricelli was seized with a fever, from the effects of which he died, in Florence, October 25, 1647.
	www.worldwideschool.org /library/books/sci/history/AHistoryofScienceVolumeII/chap20.html (995 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Torricelli served as Galileo's secretary from 1641 to 1642 and succeeded him as the court mathematician to Grand Duke Ferdinando II of Tuscany.
		Torricelli also proved that the flow of liquid through an opening is proportional to the square root of the height of the liquid a result now known as Torricelli's theorem.
		Torricelli found the length of the arc of the cycloid, the curve traced by a point on the circumference of a rotating circle.
	indykfi.atomki.hu /kisfiz/MT/torricel.htm (601 words)

	Torricelli, Evangelista (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In 1641 Torricelli was invited to Florence, where he served the elderly astronomer as secretary and assistant during the last three months of Galileo's life.
		Torricelli was then appointed to succeed him as professor of mathematics at the Florentine Academy.
		He never published his findings, however, because he was too deeply involved in the study of pure mathematics--including calculations of the cycloid, a geometric curve described by a point on the rim of a turning wheel.
	www.spaceship-earth.org /Biograph/Torricelli.htm (228 words)

	Evangelista Torricelli Biography / Biography of Evangelista Torricelli Earth Science Biography
		As a scientist, Evangelista Torricelli became well known for his study of the motion of fluids, and was declared the father of hydrodynamics by Ernst Mach.
		Torricelli also conducted experiments on gases, though the term was not then in use.
		Despite his argument, Torricelli noticed that water could be pumped only a finite distance through a vertical tube before it ceased to move any further and set out to examine this paradox, inventing the first barometer in the process.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-torricelli-evangelista-1608-1647-woes-02 (218 words)

	Evangelista Torricelli Biography / Biography of Evangelista Torricelli History of Invention Biography
		Evangelista Torricelli was first educated in Jesuit schools in his native Faenza, near Ravenna.
		As a scientist Torricelli became well known for his study of the motion of fluids and was declared the father of hydrodynamics by Ernst Mach.
		Torricelli also conducted experiments on what we now call gases, though the term was not then in use.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-evangelista-torricelli-woi (254 words)

	Torricelli's Trumpet or Gabriel's Horn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Evangelista Torricelli (1608 - 1647) was a student of Galileo.
		Upon Galileo's death, Torricelli succeeded his teacher as mathematician and philosopher for their good friend and patron, the Grand Duke of Tuscany.
		Unfortunately, Torricelli did not live to see the methods of calculus fully emerge to confirm his painstaking calculations largely based on his friend Cavalieri's "summation of plane slices" method.
	curvebank.calstatela.edu /torricelli/torricelli.htm (345 words)

	Brief History of the Barometer
		Torricelli had been associated with, and studied the writings of Galileo, just before Galileo's untimely death in 1642, and used those findings to help him construct the first barometer, which, at first used water to measure the air pressure.
		Torricelli was first to notice that air pressure changes, related to weather changes, indeed caused the water level to rise and fall within a 35 foot tube experiment he set up within his home.
		Due to rumors circulating within Torricelli's gossipy Italian neighborhood, which included that he was must be up to some form of sorcery or witchcraft, Torricelli realized he had to keep his experiment more secretive, or run the risk of being arrested.
	www.barometer.ws /history.html (1775 words)

	Bloomfield Science Museum/Evangelista Torricelli
		The remarkable insight of Evangelista Torricelli around 1640 was that the only possibility was that the air itself is pushing on the water, that all you did when you were drinking was to reduce the pressure on the upper end of the straw slightly so that the pressure difference
		Torricelli had in his youth embraced the Copernican doctrine of the sun as the centre of planetary motion, but he stayed away from this subject, which got Galileo into trouble, for the rest of his life.
		Torricelli was a strange character, actually, a seeming mixture of two individuals, an abstract reasoner and a technician.
	www.mada.org.il /website/html/eng/2_1_1-10.htm (882 words)

	Evangelista Torricelli with Galileo in Arcetri
		During this lengthy period, Torricelli investigated the theory of motion, as is revealed by a letter from Castelli to Galileo of 2 March 1641.
		27 April 1641, Torricelli wrote to the prisoner in Arcetri to thank him for the invitation and express his regret that he was unable to leave Rome until the abbot's return.
		It is clear that a good deal of courage was required, in the political and cultural context of the period, to go to gather the ideas of one whom the all-powerful inquisitors of the Holy Office wanted to silence permanently.
	galileo.imss.firenze.it /multi/torricel/etorgali.html (663 words)

	Evangelista Torricelli
		The publication amongst Torricelli's Opera geometrica (Florence, 1644) of a tract on the properties of the cycloid involved him in a controversy with Gilles Personne de Roberval, who accused him of plagiarizing his earlier solution of the problem of its quadrature.
		The matter was still in debate when he was seized with pleurisy, and died at Florence on the 25th of October 1647.
		A selection from Torricelli's manuscripts was published by Tommaso Bonaventura in 1715, with the title Lezioni accademiche (Florence).
	www.nndb.com /people/605/000087344 (477 words)

	Torricelli Evangelista - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Torricelli Evangelista - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Torricelli, Evangelista (1608-1647), Italian mathematician and physicist, best known for the invention of the barometer.
		Pascal was born in Clermont-Ferrand on June 19, 1623, and his family settled in Paris in 1629.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Torricelli_Evangelista.html (102 words)

	Evangelista Torricelli at opensource encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Evangelista Torricelli (October 15, 1608 - 1647) was an Italian physicist and mathematician.
		Born in Faenza, he was left fatherless at an early age.
		Its communication by Castelli to Galileo in 1641, with a proposal that Torricelli should reside with him, led to Torricelli repairing to Florence, where he met Galileo, and acted as his amanuensis during the three remaining months of his life.
	www.wiki.tatet.com /Evangelista_Torricelli.html (318 words)

	A Dictionary of Scientists: Torricelli, Evangelista @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Torricelli, Evangelista (1608–1647) Italian physicist Born at Faenza in Italy, Torricelli was educated at the Sapienza College, Rome.
		After the death of Galileo in 1642 Torricelli was appointed professor of mathematics in Florence, where he remained until his death.
		He had been introduced by Galileo to the problem of why water, in the duke of Tuscany's well, could not be raised higher than 30 feet (9 m).
	highbeam.com /doc/1O84:TorricelliEvangelista/Torricelli,+... (177 words)

	NASA - SpaceResearch - Science that can't be done on Earth
		Evangelista Torricelli, an assistant of Galileo, poured some mercury into a glass tube and put his thumb over one end.
		Nowadays, kids in restaurants routinely do the same thing using straws and water or milk, but in Torricelli's day the notion of a vacuum was radical.
		Evangelista Torrecelli's discovery of vacuum triggered a revolution in scientific thinking about the nature of air and matter.
	spaceresearch.nasa.gov /general_info/16jan_sts107_lite.html (1171 words)

	Torricelli, Evangelista
		Italian physicist who established the existence of atmospheric pressure and devised the mercury barometer in 1644.
		In 1643 Torricelli filled a long glass tube, closed at one end, with mercury and inverted it in a dish of mercury.
		Atmospheric pressure supported a column of mercury about 76 cm/30 in long; the space above the mercury was a vacuum.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0013248.html (247 words)

	Torricelli, Evangelista on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		TORRICELLI, EVANGELISTA [Torricelli, Evangelista], 1608-47, Italian physicist and mathematician.
		He invented the barometer (1643), called the Torricelli tube, and a microscope, and he improved the telescope.
		Magazines and Newspapers for: Torricelli, Evangelista or search in Pictures and Maps for Torricelli, Evangelista
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/t/torricel.asp (187 words)

	Torricelli Evangelista e Vincenzo Viviani (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Were Evangelista Torricelli and Vincenzo Viviani, two followers of Galileo, to find out the lift pump's enigma.
		To repeat their famous experiment (please see the animation), you must fill an empty glass tube, sealed at one end, with mercury.
		The first steam engines were "atmospheric engines" because their active stroke was made by the air pressure.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/6914/torrie.htm (290 words)

	The Tribune - Windows - Mind games (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Torricelli, aggressively: "Sir, if I had such a nose, I’d amputate it!" Cyrano follows with a considerate comment on Torricelli’s trumpet: "Take care,...your head bowed low; by such a weight...lest head o'er heels you go!" Torricelli, graciously: "You love the little birds, I think?
		The orchestra keeps changing tempo." Torricelli: "It must be wonderful to wake up in the morning and smell the coffee...in Brazil." "Point it against the cavalry!" he continues, "When you stop and smell the flowers, are they afraid?
		Is that the answer you seek?" Torricelli, surprised: "Yes." Cyrano: "You may blow your trumpet now; where is it?" Torricelli: "In mathematical theory."Cyrano: "If that’s so, I apologise I got angry for nothing, but you can’t measure the pressure I face due to my nose." Torricelli: "I can measure it — with my barometer.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2001/20010804/windows/mind.htm (420 words)

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