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Topic: Evolution (disambiguation)

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	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Biological evolution is the change in a population's inherited traits from generation to generation.
		Evolution consists of two basic types of processes: those that introduce new genetic variation into a population, and those that affect the frequencies of existing gene variants, or alleles.
		In general, controversy has centered on the philosophical, social, and religious implications of evolution, not on the science of evolution itself; the proposition that biological evolution occurs through the mechanism of natural selection is completely uncontested within the scientific community.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Evolution (7216 words)

	Evolution (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Higher evolution, a spiritual concept concerning the evolution of human consciousness
		Theistic evolution, the belief that religious teachings are compatible with the theory of evolution
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Evolution_(disambiguation) (235 words)

	Evolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The claim that evolution results in moral progress is not part of modern evolutionary theory – that claim is associated with Social Darwinism, which held that the subjugation of the poor, and of minority groups, was favored by evolution.
		The belief in a telelogical evolution of this sort is known as orthogenesis, and is not supported by the scientific understanding of evolution.
		Here is the "tree of life" showing the evolution by reassortment of H5N1 that created the Z genotype in 2002 and here is evolution by antigenic drift that created dozens of highly pathogenic varieties of the Z genotype of avian flu virus H5N1, some of which are increasingly adopted to mmammals.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Evolution (8795 words)

	Evolution - KnowledgeIsFun.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In biology, evolution is the process by which populations of organisms acquire and pass on novel traits from generation to generation, affecting the overall makeup of the population and even leading to the emergence of new species.
		In the modern synthesis, "evolution" is defined as a change in the frequency of alleles within a population from one generation to the next.
		The belief in a telelogical evolution of this sort is known as orthogenesis, and is not supported by the scientific theory of evolution.
	www.knowledgeisfun.com /E/Ev/Evolution.php (3654 words)

	Wikipedia: Evolution
		The current dominant theory of evolution is known as the "modern evolutionary synthesis" (or simply "modern synthesis"), referring to the synthesis of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and Mendel's theory of the gene.
		Ever since the concept of evolution was codified into a scientific theory by Charles Darwin, religious fundamentalists have claimed that the theory is false and that a supreme being (usually referred to as "God") was responsible for creation of the species.
		Christians, Jews and Muslims who reject evolution point to the Bible and the Quran to support their views and have offered what they believe to be proof of the impossibility of macroevolution in particular.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/e/ev/evolution.html (3666 words)

	Evolution (disambiguation) - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Other kinds of evolution include evolutionary algorithms (which include genetic algorithms) which attempt to mimic processes similar to biological evolution in a computer program, most frequently as an optimization technique and as an experimental framework for the computational modelling of evolution.
		The advocacy of evolution for the origins of life is often called evolutionism, especially by opponents.
		Evolution is the term used in the video game Pokémon to describe a significant change in a Pokémon's form after sufficient experience is gained.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Evolution_(disambiguation) (554 words)

	Evolution, communication and the proper function of language
		It is as if the evolution of organs of locomotion such as wings or legs were discussed only in terms of the effects of locomotion such as fleeing predators, finding food, or finding mates, without considering the proximate function of these organs, namely locomotion itself.
		Biological and cultural evolution however are not otherwise articulated (apart from the obvious point that cultural evolution requires a species with biologically evolved capacities that makes it capable of culture).
		Present studies of disambiguation in psycholinguistics (which tend to show that all the senses of a lexical item are unconsciously activated), and in pragmatics (which point the Gricean way) do not support the view that the richness of communicated meanings is based on massive ambiguity.
	www.dan.sperber.com /evo-lang.htm (12474 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Population genetics
		The neutral theory of molecular evolution (also, simply the neutral theory of evolution) is an influential theory that was introduced with provocative effect by Motoo Kimura in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
		Human evolution is the process of change and development, or evolution, by which human beings emerged as a distinct species.
		Evolutionary developmental biology (evolution of development or informally, evo-devo) is a field of biology that compares the developmental processes of different animals in an attempt to determine the ancestral relationship between organisms and how developmental processes evolved.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Population-genetics (3410 words)

	Ireland Information Guide , Irish, Counties, Facts, Statistics, Tourism, Culture, How
		Evolution most generally refers to any gradual process of growth or development, but it is used more specifically to mean biological evolution, that is, the evolution of species.
		Often the word evolution is used as a shorthand for the modern theory of evolution of species based upon Darwin's theory of natural selection.
		The theory of evolution by natural selection has also been adopted as a foundation for various ethical systems such as social Darwinism, although scientists emphasize that their work is intended purely as a description of nature.
	www.irelandinformationguide.com /Evolution (3117 words)

	Encyclopedia article on Evolution [EncycloZine] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In the context of life science, evolution is a change in the genetic makeup of a population of interbreeding individuals within a species.
		The word "evolution" is often used as a shorthand for the modern theory of evolution of species based upon Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection, which states that modern species are the products of an extensive process that began over three billion years ago with simple single-celled organisms, and Gregor Mendel's theory of genetics.
		The theory of evolution by natural selection has also been adopted as a foundation for various ethical systems, such as social Darwinism, an idea popular in the 19th century, which holds that "the survival of the fittest" explains and justifies differences in wealth and success among societies and people.
	encyclozine.com /Evolution (3999 words)

	Articles - Charles Darwin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		He was convinced of the occurrence of evolution, but for a long time had been aware that transmutation of species was associated with the crime of blasphemy as well as with Radical democratic agitators in Britain who were seeking to overthrow society; thus, publication risked ruining his reputation.
		His work established that "evolution" had occurred: not necessarily that it was by natural or sexual selection (this particular recognition would not become fully standard until the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel's work in the early 20th century and the creation of the modern synthesis).
		Evolution by natural selection proved to be a significant blow to notions of divine creation and intelligent design prevalent in 19th-century science, specifically overturning the Creation biology doctrine of "Created kinds".
	www.landize.com /articles/Charles_Darwin (6211 words)

	This article is about evolution in the biological...
		Other kinds of evolution include evolutionary algorithms (which include genetic algorithms) which attempt to mimic processes similar to biological evolution in a computer program, most frequently as an optimization technique and as an experimental framework for the computational modelling of evolution.
		Since the 19th century "evolution" is generally used in reference to "biological evolution", the development of the different varieties of living things over generations.
		The current dominant theory of evolution is known as the "modern evolutionary synthesis" (or simply "modern synthesis"), referring to the synthesis of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and Mendel's theory of the gene.
	www.geodatabase.de /evolution (3116 words)

	Evolution - Psychology Central (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In biology, evolution is the process by which populations of organisms acquire and pass on novel traits from generation to generation.
		The claim that evolution results in moral progress is not part of modern evolutionary theory - it was made by Social Darwinists who thought the subjugation of the poor and minority groups was favored by evolution.
		Evolution does involve "progression," however, one one interpretation of that term since the earliest lifeforms were much simpler than many of the species existing today.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Evolution (7514 words)

	Fundies vs Atheists
		What’s more, if we are to remain exclusively within the natural (material) realm then the term ‘evolution’ must somehow be further extended to include life from non-life, i.e., the emergence of life itself must also be accounted for by the ever-stretching definition of evolution.
		The bottom line to all this is that the fundamental concept of evolution is clearly a manifestation of a metaphysical—not a scientific—worldview and, just as with any other religion, the facts must continually be interpreted and adjusted to fit with this belief.
		Evolution theory is nothing but the scientific operational model to support this metaphysical position.
	groups.msn.com /FundiesvsAtheists/evolutiondebate.msnw?action=get_message&mview=0&ID_Message=33300&LastModified=4675528312927570468 (2877 words)

	Evolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The theory of evolution is the scientific model that describes the descent of all living organisms from a common ancestor.
		In common parlance the word "evolution" is often used as a shorthand for both the modern theory that all extant species share a common ancestor as well as the mechanisms through which evolution acts such as Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection and Gregor Mendel's theory of genetics.
		The theory of evolution by natural selection has also been adopted as a foundation for various ethical and social systems, such as social Darwinism, an idea popular in the 19th century which holds that "the survival of the fittest" explains and justifies differences in wealth and success among societies and people.
	www.info-pedia.net /about/evolution (4124 words)

	evo information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Evolution most generally refers to any gradual process of growthor development, but it is used more specifically to mean biological evolution,that is, the evolution of species.
		Currently, the modern synthesis is by scientific consensus the best theory of the evolution of species.This is the synthesis of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and Mendel 's theory of the gene made possible by population genetics.
		The theory of evolution by natural selection has also been adopted as a foundation for various ethical systems such as social Darwinism, although scientists emphasize that their work isintended purely as a description of nature.
	www.vsearchmedia.com /evo.html (2919 words)

	Talk:Theory of evolution - EvoWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The "theory of evolution" is distinct, in biology, from "evolution" or "the process of evolution"; the theory corresponds to the scientific explanation for evolution, which is currently called "modern evolutionary synthesis".
		In the case of evolution, the process of evolution is the change in the genetic composition (and specifically the allele frequency) of a population of successive generations, whereas the theory of evolution is the scientific model explaining how this process works.
		The theory of evolution is indeed one of the most well-supported theories in all of science, but the fact, or process, of evolution is not limited to that theory, but holds true even if aspects of evolutionary theory (like common descent) do not.
	wiki.cotch.net /index.php/Talk:Theory_of_evolution (7246 words)

	Origin of life - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		In this theory, he postulated the evolution of (bio)chemical pathways as fundamentals of the evolution of life.
		Another unsolved issue in chemical evolution is the origin of homochirality, i.e.
		Complexity in companion molecules developed as a function of selection pressures on types of clay crystal is then exapted to serve the replication of organic molecules independently of their silicate "launch stage".
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/o/r/i/Origin_of_life.html (3483 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Ernst Mayr
		His theory of peripatric speciation (a more precise term for the subset of allopatric speciation he supported) based on his work on birds is considered as one typical mode of speciation, and is the basis of the theory of punctuated equilibrium.
		He returned to Germany in 1930 and in 1931 he accepted a curatorial position at the American Museum of Natural History, where he played the important role of brokering and acquiring the Walter Rothschild collection of bird skins, which was being sold in order to pay off a flmailer.
		Current molecular studies in evolution and speciation indicate that although allopatric speciation seems to be the norm in groups (possibly those with greater mobility) such as the birds, there are numerous cases of sympatric speciation in many invertebrates (especially in the insects).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ernst-Mayr (3889 words)

	Evolution Did You Mean evolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Further evidence for common descent comes from genetic detritus such as pseudogenes, regions of DNA which are orthologous to a gene in a related organism, but are no longer active and appear to be undergoing a steady process of degeneration7.
		Darwin's theory, though it succeeded in profoundly shaking scientific opinion regarding the development of life, could not explain the source of variation in traits within a species, and Darwin's proposal of a herary mechanism (pangenesis) was not compelling to most biologists.
		A wiki whose goal is to promote general evolution education, and provide mainstream scientific responses to the arguments of antievolutionists.
	www.did-you-mean.com /Evolution.html (3981 words)

	Evolution - Page 2 - Literature Network Forums
		Evolution generally refers to any process of change over time; in the context of the life sciences, evolution is a change in the genetic makeup of a group - a population of interbreeding individuals within a species.
		The word "evolution" is often used as a shorthand for the modern theory of evolution of species based upon Darwin's theory of natural selection.
		This theory states that all species today are the result of an extensive process of evolution that began over three billion years ago with simple single-celled organisms, and that evolution via natural selection accounts for the great diversity of life, extinct and extant.
	www.online-literature.com /forums/showthread.php?t=3558&page=2 (1647 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: John Maynard Smith
		Maynard Smith was instrumental in the application of game theory to evolution and theorised on other problems such as the evolution of sex and signalling theory.
		The evolution of sex is a major puzzle in modern evolutionary biology.
		Erdős number 4 A family name, or surname, is that part of a persons name that indicates to what family he or she belongs.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/John-Maynard-Smith (3424 words)

	Evolution - All About All (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Since metabolic processes do not leave fossils, research into the evolution of the basic cellular processes is also done largely by comparison of existing organisms.
		As the scientific explanation of life's diversity has developed, evolution has displaced alternative, sometimes very widely held, explanations, and it is now taught, almost exclusively, to students around the world.
		Particularly in the US, this has led to a vigorous conflict between creation and evolution in public education, and the creation evolution controversy in general.
	www.allaboutall.info /article/Evolution (4028 words)

	List of publications in biology - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Wallace was afraid to publish his work due to the church but he sent it to Charles Darwin and help him develop what is somewhat mistakenly called today Darwinism.
		Darwin presents a theory of evolution that is in most aspects identical to the theories now accepted by scientists.
		He carefully argues out this theory of evolution of species by natural selection by presenting all the accumulated scientific evidence from his voyage on the HMS Beagle in the 1830s.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/l/i/s/List_of_publications_in_biology.html (1537 words)

	Darwinism - Psychology Central (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		This article is about Darwinism as a philosophical concept; see evolution for the page on biological evolution; modern evolutionary synthesis for neo-Darwinism; and also evolution (disambiguation).
		Casting evolution as an "ism" — a doctrine or belief — is used to strengthen calls for "equal time" for other beliefs such as creationism.
		August Weismann was the most prominent member of this school, and further articulated that neo-Darwinism referred to evolution specifically by forms of "selection" (natural selection, including sexual selection), and that it was articulated around the idea that the hereditary material of an organism was not modified by the further development of the organism.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Darwinism (1105 words)

	Evolution explained (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		For other possible meanings, see Evolution (disambiguation).'' [[Charles Darwin, the father of evolutionary theory]] Evolution generally refers to any process of change over time.
		As the theory of evolution by natural selection has become nearly universally accepted in the scientific community, it has replaced other explanations including creationism and Lamarckism.
		It was not until the 1970s and 1980s, however, that a significant number of universities had departments that specifically included the term evolutionary biology in their titles.
	www.wordspider.net /ev/evolution.html (4283 words)

	Full collection
		Fitch, W. Hauser, M., and Chomsky, N. (2005) The evolution of the language faculty: Clarifications and implications.
		Ekstig, B. (2004) The Evolution of Language and Science Studied by means of Biological Concepts.
		Piatelli-Palmarini, M. and Uriagereka, J. (2004) The immune syntax: the evolution of the language virus.
	www.isrl.uiuc.edu /~amag/langev/full_reference.html (5669 words)

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