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Topic: Evolutionary epistemology

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	The KLI Theory Lab - Evolutionary Epistemology
		If we are to take the variety of ways in which the evolutionary perspective has infused and been used in biology as a model, the directions in which EE has gone so far have exploited but a tiny fraction of the resources available to such a perspective.
		Evolutionary Epistemology is the attempt to explain animal and human cognition, including science, in a Darwinian fashion.
		• Wuketits, Evolutionary Epistemology and its Implications for Humankind, 1990
	www.kli.ac.at /theorylab/Areas/EE.html (456 words)

	Evolutionary Epistemology
		Evolutionary Epistemology is a naturalistic approach to epistemology, which emphasizes the importance of natural selection in two primary roles.
		Evolutionary epistemology is the attempt to address questions in the theory of knowledge from an evolutionary point of view.
		Evolutionary epistemology involves, in part, deploying models and metaphors drawn from evolutionary biology in the attempt to characterize and resolve issues arising in epistemology and conceptual change.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/epistemology-evolutionary (5443 words)

	Kovac Lab - Fundamental principles of cognitive biology
		In contrast to evolutionary epistemology, cognitive biology is based on the assumption that the molecular level is fundamental for cognition and adheres to a principle of minimal complexity, which stipulates that the most efficient way to study any trait of life is by studying it at the simplest level at which it occurs.
		Despite this evolutionary hint, the principle of the second epistemic closure is fundamentally different from that of the first closure: The statement that a system cannot be fully understood with the means of the system itself applies to any formal system, whatever is its complexity.
		The formers and the latters would be proud of their evolutionary prosperity and would scoff at man who has been led, by redundancy of the human brain and associated cultural evolution, toward such absurd evolutionary oddities as the atomic bomb or the mass television entertainment.
	www.fns.uniba.sk /~kbi/kovlab/princip.htm (13445 words)

	Ecclectica - Popper and Evolution
		Somewhere in the middle of this range is evolutionary epistemology, and this is the subject of discussion.
		We now have the context of Popper's evolutionary epistemology laid our before us, so we can delve into some of the more specific points filling in some of his contentions that will be issues for debate.
		Ascension in the context of Popper's homologous analysis of evolutionary epistemology need not be discarded, for in science we find the deepening of theories giving rise to a conceptual hierarchy, and so too, depending on the environment, do we find the same in nature.
	www.ecclectica.ca /issues/2004/2/schneider.asp (5931 words)

	Evolutionary Epistemology, Rationality and the Sociology of Knowledge
		One of the modern protagonists of evolutionary epistemology is Karl Popper who has advanced the idea that scientific knowledge grows by conjecture and refutation (error-elimination), a theory that he has generalised to all forms of learning and to the evolution of life on earth.
		The Spencerian evolutionary epistemology had become a quite dominant view by 1890, a fact difficult to believe so absent has been any evolutionary epistemology in the major philosophical discussions of the last fifty years.
		Munz shows that Rorty has ignored evolutionary epistemology as an alternative to the 'mirror' theory that the mind passively copies the world (which Rorty rejects) and to the appeal to a select community of peers for settling knowledge claims (which Rorty apparently accepts).
	victorian.fortunecity.com /beardsley/700/eerev.html (2446 words)

	Adolf Heschl - Evolutionary Epistemology Taken Seriously -
		Evolutionary epistemology as the ambitious attempt to provide a biological explanation for complex cognitive capacities in human beings is yet far from being accepted by the scientific community as a new and serious discipline.
		Thus, an evolutionarily oriented epistemology is able to confirm the theoretical necessity of random mutations as one of the two basic axioms of modern evolutionary theory.
		This does not mean that epistemology has now been reduced to a misconceived biology of 'innate capacities', as has sometimes been argued (in fact, little is fully developed at birth and many animals, including the growing human infant, have to pass through a complex cognitive ontogeny).
	pespmc1.vub.ac.be /Einmag_Abstr/AHeschl.html (575 words)

	Evolutionary Epistemology
		Evolutionary epistemology is an approach that sees knowledge in the first place as a product of the variation and selection processes characterizing evolution.
		Second, evolutionary epistemology notes that the individual, ontogenetic development of knowledge is also the result of variation and selection processes, but this time not of whole organisms, but of "ideas" or pieces of potential knowledge.
		The whole spectrum of evolutionary knowledge processes, from genetic mutation to scientific model-building, was first analysed by Donald T. Campbell, who also introduced the term "Evolutionary Epistemology".
	pespmc1.vub.ac.be /EVOLEPIST.html (417 words)

	Review of
		Evolutionary Epistemology is dedicated to Hans Albert but the book is really a tribute to Popper, to Campbell and to the energy of Bartley who co-edited the collection and wrote several chapters.
		The Spenserian evolutionary epistemology had become a quite dominant view by 1990, a fact difficult to believe so absent has been any evolutionary epistemology in the major philosophical discussions of the last fifty years.
		Like evolutionary epistemology, it is an idea that was quite commonplace at the turn of the century.
	victorian.fortunecity.com /beardsley/700/dwarf.html (5956 words)

	History and Introduction
		From this evolutionary hierarchy I was able to gain insights into the nature of scientific knowledge and also into the reasons scientists are so reluctant to use logic in practice.
		The ability to interpret phenomena such as humor suggests that evolutionary epistemology, as a generalization of evolutionary theory, is of more than passing interest.
		The hierarchical evolutionary epistemology, as described by Plotkin and developed here as bioepistemic evolution, is a generalization of evolutionary theory because it does allow these various evolutionary processes, with different data sources, to operate in parallel.
	www.sexandphilosophy.co.uk /history.htm (2997 words)

	Evolutionary Epistemology
		The ideas of evolutionary epistemology rest on an abstract model of levels that provides an important perspective on the evolution of human learning, cognition, and language.
		Recognizing the evolutionary bases for species learning, even species-specific programs, does not require the strong form of constraints that this recognition is often thought to imply, according to Plotkin's analysis of hierarchical processes.
		Evolutionary epistemology then differs from the adaptationist position of genetic determinism.
	evolution.massey.ac.nz /lecture8/evoepist.htm (1489 words)

	Rafe Champion reviews - Evolutionary Epistemology
		Campbell's chapter 'Evolutionary Epistemology' drew attention to the vogue of evolutionary scholarship last century which had a marked impact on the theories of knowledge propounded by many philosophers.
		The revival of evolutionary epistemology by Campbell, Popper and others was hard-won against the metaphysical tide.
		Jokes aside, Munz shows that Rorty has ignored Popper's work (and evolutionary epistemology in general) as an alternative to the positivist's 'mirror' theory of knowledge (the mind passively copies the world), which he rejects, and the appeal to the select community of peers to settle knowledge claims, which he apparently accepts.
	www.the-rathouse.com /revradbart.html (3333 words)

	catallaxy » Blog Archive » Evolutionary issues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In contrast the evolutionary perspective helps to make a distinction between subjective or personal knowledge which needs to be treated from a biological point of view, and objective or public knowledge which calls for appraisal as a human product or perhaps a social construct.
		Another unhelpful dichotomy that evolutionary epistemology may resolve is that between the “mirror” and “lamp” theories of knowledge.
		Against both of these views evolutionary epistemology offers “critical realism” which postulates the existence of an external world whose characteristics do not depend on us, though a process of decoding is required to interpret the world on the basis of signals that we receive from it.
	badanalysis.com /catallaxy/index.php?p=622 (1471 words)

	Popper's Evolutionary Theory of Knowledge. Article by Rafe Champion
		Evolutionary epistemology applies Darwin's principle of natural selection to scientific theories and to other forms of knowledge.
		The central motif of Popper's evolutionary epistemology is the four-step problem-solving schema:
		To grasp the full power of evolutionary epistemology it is necessary to understand this creative function of criticism.
	www.the-rathouse.com /poptheoryknow.html (1627 words)

	STB: References S to Z
		Genetic epistemology in the context of evolutionary epistemology.
		Evolutionary epistemology, objective knowledge, and rationality: The evolutionary approach in man's search for himself.
		Evolutionary epistemology: A challenge to science and philosophy.
	faculty.ed.uiuc.edu /g-cziko/stb/refs_s-z.html (2855 words)

	Epistemology
		Epistemology is the study of the nature of knowledge.
		This approach has greatly influenced the evolutionary view of knowledge taken in, "The Architecture of Thought." However, a different terminology is adopted and knowledge is taken to be divided into four levels, depending upon the nature and position of the selection.
		In this epistemology, knowledge is best seen as a means whereby members of social groups exercise power over other members of their group.
	www.sexandphilosophy.co.uk /epistem.htm (1648 words)

	[No title]
		Simply stated, evolutionary psychology says that the mental life of modern males is the same as that of the polygynous Pleistocene warriors and hunters, and the mental life of females is that of (mostly) monogamous Pleistocene mothers and nurses.
		Even the term "evolutionary epistemology" was introduced by Campbell in reference to the evolutio-narily based theory of knowledge that he and Popper developed.
		In the 1920s, Veblen's evolutionary ideas were revived by Waltron Hamilton and others in their concept of "institutionalism." This tradition reflects a common belief that "institutions," or the habits and customs of a group, change over time, and that this fact is theoretically significant.
	inside.msj.edu /academics/faculty/whiter/choice.htm (7734 words)

	Evolutionary Psychology [Editor Ian Pitchford PhD, CBiol, MIBiol]
		Evolutionary Psychology is an open-access peer-reviewed journal that aims to foster communication between experimental and theoretical work on the one hand and historical, conceptual and interdisciplinary writings across the whole range of the biological and human sciences on the other.
		Further, performance was modulated by activation in the parahippocampal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus for males and the middle temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus for females.
		Here we present indirect evidence that in a significant proportion of human reproductive couples, the partners show much higher facial resemblances than can be expected by random pair formation, or as the outcome of "matching for attractiveness" or the outcome of competition for the most attractive partner accessible, as had been previously assumed.
	human-nature.com /ep (3208 words)

	Evolutionary Epistemology: Evolution as a Knowledge Acquisition Process
		Evolutionary or natural selection epistemologists have a point of view almost directly opposite to that of the closed-circle theorists (e.g., see Callebaut and Pinxten, 1987; Radnitzky and Bartley, 1987).
		Thus while true knowledge to the closed-circle theorist follows from cultural authority under a particular paradigm, to the evolutionary epistemologist it is determined with respect to the performance of an epistemic agent in the world.
		The first is that because closed circles are incommensurable with each other there is no way to assert that they are part of any evolutionary process-no continuity over the discontinuity, and thus no ground to assert an ordinal measure with respect to the direction of time.
	www.entropylaw.com /closedcircle2.html (943 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Philosophy: Epistemology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Epistemology - Introduction to epistemology from Principia Cybernetica.
		Epistemology - Essays on epistemology from the Proceedings of the Friesian School, Fourth Series.
		Evolutionary Epistemology - Survey of naturalistic epistemology which emphasizes importance of natural selection; from the Stanford Encyclopedia by Michael Bradie and William Harms
	dmoz.org /Society/Philosophy/Epistemology (572 words)

	Review of Selection Theory and Social Construction: the evolutionary naturalistic epistemology of Donald T. Campbell - ...
		The essays are concerned with the relation between evolutionary processes, epistemology and the social construction of knowledge.
		Epistemology is the philosophy of "KNOWledge" in this strong sense.
		Thus if one even begins to discuss evolutionary epistemology one is already impaled upon the horns of a dilemma.
	jom-emit.cfpm.org /2002/vol6/edmonds_b.html (1807 words)

	Evolutionary Epistemology and Sir Karl Popper's Latest Intellectual Interest: A First-Hand Report
		The direct philosophical outcome of Popper's philosophy of biology is a theory of knowledge commonly known as "evolutionary epistemology," sometimes regarded as the most important development in the theory of knowledge since the 18th century.
		In this setting, the term "knowledge" alludes to the objective end-products of certain evolutionary processes, ranging from the emergence of organs such as the eye, to the most sophisticated scientific theories which Man has propounded.
		In the development of evolutionary epistemology, Popper is joined by the Nobel prize winning ethologist and long-time friend, the late Konrad Lorenz, and the American psychologist Donald Campbell.
	www.eeng.dcu.ie /~tkpw/hk-ies/n15 (1801 words)

	Evolutionary Epistemology, Language and Culture (EELC) op 5/26/2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The main theme of the Congress is to investigate the origin and evolution of language and/or culture from within Evolutionary Epistemology.
		Evolutionary Epistemology, a term first coined by Donald T. Campbell, is a fast growing field within philosophy of science which focuses mainly on the evolution of evolutionary mechanisms (the EEM-programme) and the evolution of evolutionary theories (the EET-programme), a distinction made by Michael Bradie and William Harms.
		The main idea of this discipline is that we should take Darwin seriously (Michael Ruse), emphasizing the importance of natural selection in the investigation of the origin and evolution of our cognitive abilities such as language, culture or science.
	www.vub.ac.be /docop/activities/156.htm (335 words)

	quine_wars
		Defenders of the traditional view tend to object to Quine's naturalized epistemology on two grounds: (1) because it is circular and therefore incoherent and (2) because it lacks the normativity central to epistemology.
		Thus, evolutionary epistemology's investigation into our use of induction and our reliance on our perceptual mechanisms turns out to be not merely a descriptive but also a normative endeavor.
		Moreover, one of the reasons for engaging in the study of evolutionary epistemology is to uncover what natural biases nature has built into our belief forming mechanisms so that we may better take these biases into account.
	www.homestead.com /songsinthenight/quine_wars.html (2172 words)

	phorum - Suggest a session idea - Topics in Evolutionary Epistemology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This skepticism is generated by Nozick's interpretation of evolutionary biology and his endorsement of the massive modularity of the mind hypothesis.
		Historically, evolutionary explanations of human moral behaviour have proceeded in terms of kin selection, reciprocity (direct or indirect) and various forms of group selection.
		Evolutionary genealogies of moral belief are taken by some to be undermining of the truth of moral beliefs (e.g.
	www.ishpssb.org /phorum/read.php?f=3&i=24&t=24 (825 words)

	Harvard University Press/Darwin Machines and the Nature of Knowledge/Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		It is an extended essay on 'evolutionary epistemology', a phrase coined by D. Campbell and rightly seen by Plotkin as a barrier to understanding.
		Plotkin makes evolutionary epistemology accessible to nonspecialists, developing a model in which sense-based knowledge anchors mind-based knowledge, coupling more tightly to individual intelligence than to the 'knowledge' constructs of cultures.
		As in the case of gene selectionist versions of evolutionary theory, most of the work in evolutionary epistemology is highly esoteric and extremely hard to follow.
	www.hup.harvard.edu /reviews/PLODAR_R.html (385 words)

	KLI Theory Lab Derksen, T. 1998 The Promise of Evolutionary Epistemology.
		Derksen, T. The promise of evolutionary epistemology, its coherence and its relevance.
		Keywords: comprehensive evolutionary epistemology • generalized evolutionary theory • naturalism • philosophy of science • pragmatism • scientific realism truth.
		Buskes, C. Progress, providence, and predestination: Evolutionary epistemology and the problem of progressive change.
	www.kli.ac.at /theorylab/EditedVol/D/DerksenT98.html (258 words)

	Citations: Evolutionary Epistemology - Donald (ResearchIndex)
		The evolutionary picture is one where academics are continually producing variations on older work and a selection process is acting upon these to give preference to the better 1.
		....a cybernetic epistemology puts more emphasis on the structure of cognitive systems, on the processes by which they are constructed, on the control they provide over the environment, and on the communication of knowledge.
		Campbell, D.T. Evolutionary Epistemology." In: The Philosophy of Karl Popper.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /context/341145/0 (2353 words)

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