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Topic: Evolutionary game theory

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	Game theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Game theory is a hybrid branch of applied mathematics and economics that studies strategic situations where players choose different actions in an attempt to maximize their returns.
		Game theorists may assume players always act rationally to maximize their wins (the Homo economicus model), but real humans often act either irrationally, or act rationally to maximize the wins of some larger group of people (altruism).
		Game theory experienced a flurry of activity in the 1950s, during which time the concepts of the core, the extensive form game, fictitious play, repeated games, and the Shapley value were developed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Game_theory (3866 words)

	Evolutionary Game Theory
		Since evolutionary game theory successfully explains the predominance of certain behaviors of insects and animals, where strong rationality assumptions clearly fail, this suggests that rationality is not as central to game theoretic analyses as previously thought.
		The theory of evolution is a dynamical theory, and the second approach to evolutionary game theory sketched above explicitly models the dynamics present in interactions among individuals in the population.
		Evolutionary explanations of social norms have the virtue of making their value commitments explicit and also of showing how other normative commitments (such as fair division in certain bargaining situations, or cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma) may be derived from the principled action of boundedly rational, self-interested agents.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/game-evolutionary (7248 words)

	Evolutionary game theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Evolutionary game theory (EGT) is the application of population genetics-inspired models of change in gene frequency in populations to game theory.
		It differs from classical game theory by focusing on the dynamics of strategy change more than the properties of strategy equilibria.
		Selten, "Game theory and evolutionary biology", in Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications, R. Aumann and S. Hart, Eds.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Evolutionary_game_theory (297 words)

	Game Theory
		Game theory is the study of the ways in which strategic interactions among rational players produce outcomes with respect to the preferences (or utilities) of those players, none of which might have been intended by any of them.
		The mathematical theory of games was invented by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern (1944).
		Thus Skyrms (1996) uses evolutionary game theory to try to answer questions Lewis could not even ask, about the conditions under which language, concepts of justice, the notion of private property, and other non-designed, general phenomena of interest to philosophers would be likely to arise.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/game-theory (20520 words)

	The Zeta Aquilea System - Evolutionary Game Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Standard game theory assumes that all players are rational beings and have all the knowledge they need to make strategically informed choices.
		Evolutionary game theory assumes that the players have limited knowledge about the game and play it many times.
		In non-zero sum games, the first number in the ordered pair is the payoff to player one while the second is the payoff to player 2.
	www.stanford.edu /~alexch/gametheory.htm (471 words)

	Books On Game Theory
		Game Theory has to be taught with a strong enphasis on the developing the problem solving capabilities of the students, Nevertheless, the books you can find out there are very strong in the math and the theory but weak, incomplete, and poor in the problems.
		The theory of games, first given a rigorous formulation by von Neumann in a in 1928, is a subfield of mathematics and economics that models situations in which individuals compete and cooperate with each other.
		The central role of game theory in economic theory was recognized by the award of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science in 1994 to the pioneering game theorists John C. Harsanyi, John Nash, and Reinhard Selten.
	sociologyindex.com /books_on_game_theory.htm (6584 words)

	Jörgen Weibull - Evolutionary Game Theory
		To this target audience (but also to game theorists and others with an interest in game theory) I can warmly recommend the book as it is a well written technical compendium of recent research which is comprehensive in its chosen area: evolutionary stability and its relationship to evolutionary dynamics.
		Evolutionary game theory has still not developed far enough to provide applied researchers with a sufficiently sophisticated enough toolset to analyse their problems.
		In short, I believe that evolutionary game theory is here to stay (in one form or other) but still has a very long way to go before it is applicable to a wide range of important questions.
	jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk /2/1/review3.html (2048 words)

	Notes to Evolutionary Game Theory
		This is a problem only when we consider games other than two-person zero sum games, since all Nash equilibria in these sort of games have equivalent payoffs and are interchangable.
		One "beauty pageant" game is as follows: a group of subjects is told to choose any number in the interval [0,100].
		Assuming that the rules of the game and the rationality of the players are common knowledge, the predicted outcome of the game is that all members of the group choose 0.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/game-evolutionary/notes.html (578 words)

	Evolutionary Game Theory. \| Economics
		Essentially, evolutionary models are systems of deterministic or stochastic differential or difference equations (dynamical systems), which are derived from the payoff matrix of the same constituent game that eductive game theory takes as point of departure.
		It also introduces symmetric two-player games which are the main menu of chapters Two through Four, and a nice classification of symmetric 2 x 2 games which is employed throughout the remainder of the text.
		The notion of an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) was at the center of Maynard Smith's exploration of the applicability of game theory to biology [1] and is a refinement of the Nash equilibrium concept, which it augments by a robustness condition that prevents mutants from upsetting the prevailing equilibrium.
	www.allbusiness.com /periodicals/article/608550-1.html (650 words)

	Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma Online Game and Simulation
		This game theory is useful to demonstrate the evolution of co-operative behaviour.
		he game is played iteratively for a number of rounds until it is ended (as if you are repeatedly interrogated for separate crimes).
		Game over is determined randomly anywhere between 1 and 100 rounds.
	www.iterated-prisoners-dilemma.net (463 words)

	VirtualLabs: explore evolutionary game theory
		This is based on a model that extends the classical Snowdrift game to continuously varying degrees of cooperation.
		For a large class of graphs, the fixation probability does not depend on the details of the population structure and is identical to a homogenous population.
		The most prominent game is certainly the Prisoner's Dilemma which has become the paradigm to discuss the emergence of cooperative behavior.
	www.univie.ac.at /virtuallabs (691 words)

	Game Theory and Evolutionary Game Theory Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In contrast, suggests a thin veil of ignorance in which persons are not called upon to forget the way society is currently organised or their empathetic preferences, which are shaped by social evolution in the medium run.
		[Games are played recurrently and individuals have information about the past play of the game, based on which they form beliefs about how their opponents will play and choose a best response to these beliefs.
		[An evolutionary game theoretic analysis of the spread of institutions as a diffusion process distinguishing between cases of spontaneous emergence and cases in which collective action is necessary to introduce the institution.
	users.ox.ac.uk /~econec/egt.html (5465 words)

	Evolutionary Game Theory - Game Theory .net
		Evolutionary game theory provides a dynamic framework for analyzing repeated interaction.
		One appeal of evolutionary game theory is that it allows for relaxation of the traditional fully-informed rational actor assumption.
		Nevertheless, in many settings, evolutionary approaches reaffirm traditional solution concepts as the population, eventually, plays Nash equilibrium strategies.
	www.gametheory.net /Dictionary/EvolutionaryGameTheory.html (186 words)

	Evolutionary Game Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Weibull's "Evolutionary Game Theory" has earned a distinguished place in many bookshelves for good reason: It is rigorous and never short of intuition.
		If you are interested in learning evolutionary game theory and your previous exposure to non-cooperative game theory and ordinary differential equations has been limited, do not start with Weibull's Evolutionary Game Theory.
		For the 'technical' reader this book still is not a walk in the park becasue Weibull walks the reader not only in a math garden but also exposes the reader to several important evolutionary concepts including but not limited to 'evolutionary stability','evolutionarily stable strategy', 'replicator dynamics', 'population dynamics'.
	www.duchs.com /isbn/0262731215 (252 words)

	Amazon.com: Evolutionary Game Theory: Books: Jörgen W. Weibull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Evolutionary Games and Population Dynamics by Josef Hofbauer
		This text introduces current evolutionary game theory--where ideas from evolutionary biology and rationalistic economics meet--emphasizing the links between static and dynamic approaches and noncooperative game theory.
		The author provides an overview of the developments that have taken place in this branch of game theory, discusses the mathematical tools needed to understand the area, describes both the motivation and intuition for the concepts involved, and explains why and how the theory is relevant to economics.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0262731215?v=glance (1133 words)

	The Institute for Research on Unlimited Love
		The theory that extreme behaviors seen in OCD may in part stem from dysregulated biological pathways that evolutionarily evolved to cement parent-infant relationships is novel and exciting; if validated, it will serve to change our thinking about both the state of love and OCD.
		Recent promising approaches to the evolutionary elucidation of altruism include multilevel selection theory, econometric and evolutionary game theory, comparative anthropology, and behavioral studies of non-human primates.
		Evolutionary theory tends to be theory rich, but data poor: in comparison, the human behavioral sciences are data abundant, but lack a unifying theoretical foundation.
	www.unlimitedloveinstitute.com /grant (14338 words)

	Learn About Game Theory
		Games schools districts play; if you are interested in applications of game theory to school choice have a look at Tayfun Sönmez's work on the subject.
		"Dynamics in Games" [August 2000]: Slides from a series of lectures given at Trieste Italy for graduate students in Physics about learning and evolutionary theory and their role in economic dynamics.
		Transcript from a talk given at the Central Bank of Uruguay about evolutionary game theory the evolution of altruism, spite and punishment, and the role of imitation as contrasted with mutation.
	levine.sscnet.ucla.edu /general.htm (1636 words)

	Big Game Theory -- Evolutionary Breakthroughs
		So far, the evolutionary processes we have explored are possible through a series of deletions, insertions, duplications, and point mutations of genetic material.
		The game is long, but the rewards are enormous.
		Other big games in Earth history were the development of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration.
	www-swiss.ai.mit.edu /~jaffer/GTOL/breakthrough (736 words)

	Captive Adaptations » Evolutionary Game Theory
		Game theory according to me is a panacea for all complex social interactions, whether they are social conflicts or social co-operations.
		Reservation issue very much qualifies for a socio-economic conflict, and this enticed me to dig deeper into game theory, and find out treatments dished out in game theory to such complexities.
		I did not have to dig hard, in fact, now I have scores of ideas to read and digest.
	www.captiveadaptations.com /?p=130 (203 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		BS: Hawk/Dove Game Continued, and other 2-3 player games (ps, pdf) by Robert B. Gramacy
		DF: Formal Treatment of 3 basic types of games (ps, pdf)by RJ Honicky
		DF: Social creatures and repeated games (ps file, pdf file, source tar.gz file) by Jason Rohrer
	www.cse.ucsc.edu /classes/cmps272/Winter02/lecturenotes.html (163 words)

	Class Material
		Game Theory Evolving II, Chapter 3: Behavioral Decision Theory
		Game Theory Evolving II, Chapter 4: Behavioral Game Theory
		Dynamics of Rock-Paper-Scissors and Related Games (Mathematica Notebook)
	www-unix.oit.umass.edu /~gintis/classmat.html (26 words)

	Evolutionary Game Theory and Evolutionary Genetics — (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		You are here: Home → Students and Education → Courses → Evolutionary Game Theory and Evolutionary Genetics
		Role of conflict and cooperation on differrent levels of biological organisation (gene-chromosome-organism-superorganism) and with comprehension of aspects of behaviour, physiology and evolutionary genetics.
		This last item will include evolution, change of genetics, gene organisation and reproduction mode; epigenetic forms of heredity (genomic imprinting)
	itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de /Students/courses/gametheory (86 words)

	Logic, Games and Compuations:Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Don Ross(2004): Game Theory, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
		Wilfrid Hodges(2004): Logic and Games, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
		J. McKenzie Alexander(2003): Evolutionary Game Theory, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
	www.illc.uva.nl /lgc/links.html (64 words)

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