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Topic: Exclusive disjunction

	Exclusive disjunction - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Exclusive disjunction is the sense of the word or as in the proverb you can have your cake or eat it (but not both).
		The exclusive disjunction of propositions A and B is usually called A xor B, where "xor" stands for "exclusive or" and is pronounced "eks-or" or "zor".
		Exclusive disjunction is often used for bitwise operations.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /exclusive_disjunction.htm (606 words)

	Exclusive disjunction: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Exclusive disjunction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In logic, exclusive disjunction is a logical operator.
		The exclusive disjunction of propositions A and B is called A xor B, where "xor" stands for "exclusive or".
		a vee that is modified in some way, such as being underlined ("∨"); this is used because exclusive disjunction is a modification of ordinary (inclusive) disjunction, which is typically denoted by a vee.
	www.encyclopedian.com /xo/Xor.html (302 words)

	Exclusive disjunction -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Exclusive disjunction (usual symbol xor) is a (Click link for more info and facts about logical operator) logical operator that results in true if one of the operands, but not both of them, is true.
		The exclusive disjunction of ((logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false) propositions A and B is usually called A xor B, where "xor" stands for "exclusive or" and is pronounced "eks-or" or "zor".
		Exclusive-or is sometimes used as a simple mixing function in (Act of writing in code or cipher) cryptography, for example, with (Click link for more info and facts about one-time pad) one-time pad or (Click link for more info and facts about Feistel network) Feistel network systems.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/ex/exclusive_disjunction.htm (855 words)

	Exclusive Contracts -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In the case of patents, the exclusive right must first be explicitly granted by the government; copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets arise through the action of the initial owner of the right.
		Exclusive disjunction (usual symbol xor) is a logical operator that results in true if one of the operands, but not both of them, is true.
		The exclusive disjunction of propositions ''A'' and ''B'' is usually called ''A'' xor ''B'', where "xor" stands for "exclusive or" and is pronounced "eks-or" or "zor".
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/48/exclusive-contracts.html (1383 words)

	Encyclopedia: Exclusive disjunction
		Exclusive disjunction (usual symbol XOR occasionally EOR) is a logical operator that results in true if one of the operands, but not both of them, is true.
		A disjunctive syllogism is one valid, simple argument form: A or B If not A Then B In logical operator notation: ¬ where represents the logical assertion.
		The logical fallacy of affirming a disjunct occurs in a disjunctive syllogism when an argument takes the form: Either A or B (this is the disjunct) A (Affirming the middle term) Therefore, not B The fallacy lies in concluding that B must be false because A is true; in fact...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Exclusive-disjunction (1761 words)

	EXCLUSIVE FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In the description of a mathematical set, the term exclusive denotes that the endpoints of a range are ''not'' included within the set.
		For example, "the integers -2 to 2 exclusive" refers to the set {-1,0,1}; the endpoints, -2 and 2, are excluded.
		In Boolean_logic the exclusive or operator refers to exclusive_disjunction, which has a true value if either but not both arguments are true.
	www.igopay.com /exclusive (118 words)

	Disjunction
		Disjunction is a binary truth-function, the output of which is a sentence true if at least one of the input sentences (disjuncts) is true, and false otherwise.
		This truth-function is referred to variously as exclusive disjunction, as 0110 disjunction (after the succession of values in its main column), and as logical difference.
		Since the negation of a 0110 disjunction is a 1110 disjunction (either both disjuncts are true or both disjuncts are false), this use of aut cannot be a 0110 disjunctive use.
	www.science.uva.nl /~seop/archives/spr2001/entries/disjunction (2957 words)

	Logical disjunction - Encyclopedia, History and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Logical disjunction (usual symbol or) is a logical operator that results in true if either of the operands is true.
		In logic and mathematics, a disjunction is an "or statement".
		In logic, this is called an "exclusive disjunction" or "exclusive or" (xor).
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Logical_or (365 words)

	Exclusive disjunction article - Exclusive disjunction logic English disjunction logical operator propositions truth - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Exclusive disjunction article - Exclusive disjunction logic English disjunction logical operator propositions truth - What-Means.com
		The exclusive disjunction of propositions A and B is usually called A xor B, where "xor" stands for "exclusive or" and is pronounced "eks-or".
		Exclusive disjunction article - Exclusive disjunction definition - what means Exclusive disjunction
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Exclusive_disjunction (597 words)

	Encyclopedia: Exclusive
		In a mathematics the term exclusive denotes that the endpoints of a set are NOT included within that set.
		For example, "the integers -2 to 2 exclusive" refers to the set {-1,0,1,}; note that the elements "-2" and "2" themselves are NOT in this set.
		In linguistics the term exclusive refers to a class of plural pronouns that exclude the listener.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Exclusive (224 words)

	mental logic chapter
		Figure 2 shows that when or is presented as an exclusive disjunction, subjects' rate of correct performance to p or q but not both;not-q drops down one level (when compared to p or q;not-q in Figure 1).
		Although the presence of the exclusive clause in p or q but not both;not-q has the effect of making the inference as difficult as modus tollens, the test that compared performance between p or q;not-q and p or q but not both;not-q, was not significant.
		or was presented either as an exclusive disjunction or as unspecified disjunction as indicated by the column heading.
	www.isc.cnrs.fr /nov/NovPltz.html (6538 words)

	Exclusive disjunction - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Exclusive disjunction (usual symbol xor) is a logical operator that results in true if one of the operands (not both) is true.
		In general, the result of xor depends on the number of TRUE operands, if there are an odd number of TRUE operands, then the result will be TRUE, otherwise it will be FALSE.
		Neural networks require an extra processing layer to handle the added complexity.
	www.encyclopedia-of-knowledge.com /?t=Xor (597 words)

	Or
		A disjunction's ultimate interpretation is based on its potential informativeness, where the interpretation of the disjunctive utterance having the smallest number of true conditions is considered most informative.
		The scenario in the example, whose disjunction we assume is clearly exclusive, is arguably analogous to the reasoning scenarios in the studies in which the exclusive interpretation does not appear to be obvious to participants (the scenarios in each of the three studies' anticipates a conjunction -- e.g.
		The Disjunctive Modus Ponens problem presented conjunctions in two ways: In one problem, the and was explicit in the minor premise (There is a P and a Q); in the other problem, the conjunction was implicit (two premises were presented as There is a P; There is a Q).
	www.isc.cnrs.fr /nov/Or.htm (10514 words)

	26 Disjunction
		Rephrasing a hypothetical in disjunctive form allows us to conceal the negative polarity of the antitheses involved, so that the statement is made purely in terms of theses.
		However, normally, subjunctions and disjunctions are contrary to each other and not combinable; this applies to formal logic, where the theses and antitheses are all granted the status of logical contingency, as in the theory of opposition.
		In practise, we often use a vague form of disjunction, 'P or Q', which might mean anything from an elementary inclusive or exclusive disjunction, to a compound like subcontrariety, contrariety, or even contradiction.
	www.thelogician.net /2_future_logic/2_chapter_26.htm (2298 words)

	Exclusive or - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Exclusive or (usual symbol XOR occasionally EOR), which is sometimes called exclusive disjunction, is a logical operator that results in true if one of the operands, but not both of them, is true.
		"); this is used because exclusive disjunction corresponds to addition modulo 2 (where 0+0 = 1+1 = 0, and 0+1 = 1+0 = 1).
		The HTML entity for the circled plus character is "andoplus;".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/XOR (786 words)

	Exclusive Or articles and news from Start Learning Now (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In logic, the word 'or' usually means the logical disjunctionother, inclusive, disjunction.
		"); this is used because exclusive disjunction corresponds to addition modular arithmeticmodulo 2 (where 0+0 = 1+1 = 0, and 0+1 = 1+0 = 1).
		- a vee that is modified in some way, such as being underlined ("∨"); this is used because exclusive disjunction is a modification of ordinary (inclusive) disjunction (logic)disjunction, which is typically denoted by a vee ("∨").
	www.startlearningnow.com /xor.htm (768 words)

	Deductive Logic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Disjunctions take atomic sentences and join them in a way different from conjunctions.
		A disjunction is false if and only if both disjuncts (the atomic sentences that make up the disjunction) are false, otherwise it is true.
		A disjunction (exclusive) is false if and only if both disjuncts are true or both are false, otherwise it is true.
	merlin.capcollege.bc.ca /mfleming/deduct.htm (1869 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The need for disjunction of properties arises when a single precondition obligates at least one of several consequents.
		In my opinion, the need for general (non-deterministic, non-exclusive) property disjunction is less than the need for property conjunction and "if-else" combination of properties.
		However, this proposal is needed if both the proposals on property conjunction and property negation pass, since they will enable the user to derive property disjunction in the usual way p1 or p2 \equiv not((not p1) and (not p2)) In that case, the current proposal gives the more convenient syntax of the lefthand side.
	www.eda.org /sv-ac/Extensions/ext-15.txt (371 words)

	Exclusive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Exclusive Artist - Exclusive Artist Exclusive Artist Architecturals.net Artisans and Craftsme Featuring artists and craftspeople from around our global community that upload their art, craft custom products and traditional services for sale on a performance basis.
		Exclusive rights are found in property law, intellectual property law, and public utilities.
		In ordinary property law, exclusive rights (such as the right to prevent others from entering or using land, or the right to prevent others from taking an object) have often been the codification of pre-existing social...
	www.lindacannongallery.com /33/barry.html (1160 words)

	: Class Negation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Returns the exclusive disjunction of this predicate and the specified predicate.
		the disjunction of this predicate and the specified predicate.
		the exclusive disjunction of this predicate and the specified predicate.
	molaepipe.sourceforge.net /api/net/sf/molae/logic/basic/Negation.html (668 words)

	The Truth Functions
		Thus, this is the exclusive version of "or" which is different to the logical "or".
		Between this both statement exist a exclusive disjunction, which is ever true.
		The negated conjunction is a combination of disjunction and negation.
	www.informatik.htw-dresden.de /~nestleri/logic/02 (1515 words)

	Logic and understanding
		In the so-called non-exclusive sense, the disjunction of two sentences is true if at least one of the sentences is true...When people use or in the exclusive sense to combine two sentences, they are asserting that one of the sentences is true and the other false.
		Most undergraduate logic students, asked this question, will respond that it is an exclusive disjunction, and most textbook authors will either agree or will argue that since it would not be false if you were allowed to have both, it must be an inclusive disjunction.
		In fact neither is, since the sentence is not a disjunction at all.
	www.cecm.sfu.ca /~thalie/PhD/node22.html (942 words)

	Exclusive Disjunction Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
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	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Exclusive_disjunction (917 words)

	Disjunction junction, what's that function? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		So long as you ignore the case in which the other disjunct is true....
		Either p is true (in which case the whole disjunctive statement is true) or p is false (in which case the statement as a whole is false).
		Or rather, if you have a necessary falsehood in any disjoint pair (exclusive or inclusive), then necessarily the other disjunct is true if the disjunctive* statement as a whole is true*.
	www.ccir.ed.ac.uk /~jad/vantil-list/archive-Aug-1998/msg00403.html (313 words)

	Peter Suber, "Translation Tips"
		The exclusive disjunction of p and q asserts that either p is true or q is true but not both.
		Notice, however, that exclusive disjunction is really saying that p and q have different truth-values; if one of them is true, then the other isn't, and vice versa.
		We use it exclusively when we pass a bowl of nuts to a guest and say, "Please take some." We mean take a few, or none, but don't take them all.
	www.earlham.edu /~peters/courses/log/transtip.htm (8534 words)

	New Page 4
		--A compound statement in the form ‘Either A or B’ is called a disjunction or a disjunctive statement.
		If the intended meaning is "Either A or B, but definitely not both", that is an exclusive disjunction.
		Disjunctive Syllogism (Denying a disjunct) (Valid for both the inclusive and the exclusive ‘or’):
	www.umanitoba.ca /faculties/arts/philosophy/cn_part_12.htm (370 words)

	Formal Foundations of Computer Science 1 -- 2.2.4 Disjunctions
		Such an "exclusive or" connective needs an extra definition (which is given at the end of this section).
		Convention Because of associativity, it does not matter in which particular way parentheses are placed in nestings of disjunctive formulas.
		Exclusive Disjunction Finally we give the definition of the "exclusive or" connective mentioned above.
	www.risc.uni-linz.ac.at /education/courses/ws99/formal/report/index_8.html (304 words)

	Peter Suber, "Non-Contradiction and Excluded Middle"
		The PEM is simple inclusive disjunction for p and ~p.
		Conjoining these gives us exclusive disjunction: at least one of the contradictories is true (PEM) and not both are true (PNC).
		Truth under the PEDC is exclusive of opposition; truth under the PD is inclusive.
	www.earlham.edu /~peters/courses/logsys/pnc-pem.htm (1662 words)

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