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Topic: Excretion


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In the News (Mon 23 Nov 09)

  
  Excretion: Pharmacokinetics: Merck Manual Professional
The biliary system contributes to excretion to the degree that drug is not reabsorbed from the GI tract.
Generally, the contribution of intestine, saliva, sweat, breast milk, and lungs to excretion is small, except for exhalation of volatile anesthetics.
Biliary excretion eliminates substances from the body only to the extent that enterohepatic cycling is incomplete—when some of the secreted drug is not reabsorbed from the intestine.
www.merck.com /mmpe/sec20/ch303/ch303f.html   (643 words)

  
 Studies on PD excretion in camels, llamas and yaks
Quantitative aspects of PD excretion in camel were examined in greater details by Guerouali et al.
[77] measured the PD excretion in llamas (Lama glama and L. guanicoe).
The PD excretion was 12-18 mmol/kg DOMI, similar to sheep.
www.iaea.org /programmes/nafa/d3/purine-cd/html/review/html/22_2_3_4.htm   (381 words)

  
  Excretion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Excretion is the biological process by which an organism chemically separates waste products from its body.
In urination, Hormone control over excretion occurs in the distal tubules of the kidneys as directed by the hypothalamus.
A common misunderstanding is that feces are a product of excretion.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Excretion   (224 words)

  
 Nitrogen Excretion References
Excretion and distribution of ammonia and the influence of boundary layer acidification in embryonic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
Ammonia and urea excretion in the amphibious teleost Blennius pholis exposed to fluctuating salinity and pH.
Smith, H. The excretion of ammonia and urea by the gills of fish.
www.zoo.ufl.edu /dhefish/Nitrogen.html   (2876 words)

  
 Urinary chiro-Inositol and myo-Inositol Excretion Is Elevated in the Diabetic db/db Mouse and Streptozotocin Diabetic ...
Urinary chiro-Inositol and myo-Inositol Excretion Is Elevated in the Diabetic db/db Mouse and Streptozotocin Diabetic Rat
increase in chiro-inositol excretion in db/db mice was concurrent
excretion in db/db mice was 10.9 ± 4.9 µmol at
www.ebmonline.org /cgi/content/full/228/8/907   (3813 words)

  
 excretion --  Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
Excretion is a general term referring to the separation and throwing off of waste materials or toxic substances from the cells and tissues of a plant or animal.
The excretion of wastes and the control of the chemical composition of the internal environment are largely effected by kidneys, although other parts of the body, including the gills, may play an important role.
Brief information on this condition in which the body is in an acidic state, caused by abnormal excretion of acid from the distal tubule of the kidney.
www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9110631   (1041 words)

  
 Increased urinary excretion of aquaporin 2 in patients with liver cirrhosis -- Ivarsen et al. 52 (8): 1194 -- Gut
or spironolactone) and urinary AQP2 excretion (fig 4
Urinary excretion of aquaporin-2 in rat is mediated by a vasopressin-dependent apical pathway.
Urinary excretion of aquaporin-2 in the diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus.
gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/52/8/1194   (3290 words)

  
 excretion
excretion, process of eliminating from an organism waste products of metabolism and other materials that are of no use.
Changes in urinary uric acid excretion in obstructive sleep apnea before and after therapy with nasal continuous positive airway pressure.
Association between urinary albumin excretion and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentration in male patients with type 2 diabetes: a possible link between urinary albumin excretion and cardiovascular disease.(Pathophysiology/Complications)
www.infoplease.com /ce6/sci/A0818014.html   (285 words)

  
 Excretion
The process of excretion involves finding and removing waste materials produced by the body.
The primary organs of excretion are the lungs, kidneys, and skin.
Waste gases are carried by blood traveling through the veins to the lungs where respiration takes place.
sln.fi.edu /biosci/systems/excretion.html   (395 words)

  
 Correlation of Biliary Excretion in Sandwich-Cultured Rat Hepatocytes and In Vivo in Rats -- Liu et al. 27 (6): 637 -- ...
canalicular lumen, i.e., the biliary excretion of substrates in
that the biliary excretion of the nonfluorescent substrate, taurocholate,
that the biliary excretion in sandwich-cultured hepatocytes correlates
dmd.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/27/6/637   (5603 words)

  
 NEJM -- Low urinary chiro-inositol excretion in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
The urinary excretion of chiro-inositol was much lower in the patients with NIDDM (mean [+/- SE], 1.8 +/- 0.8 mumol per day) than in the normal subjects (mean, 84.9 +/- 26.9 mumol per day; P less than 0.01).
In contrast, the mean urinary myo-inositol excretion was higher in the diabetic patients than in the normal subjects (444 +/- 135 vs. 176 +/- 46 mumol per day; P less than 0.05).
There was no correlation between chiro-inositol excretion and the age, sex, or weight of the diabetic patients, nor was there any correlation between urinary chiro-inositol and myo-inositol excretion in either group.
content.nejm.org /cgi/content/short/323/6/373?query=prevarrow   (614 words)

  
 PHAR 4634 - Chapter 16 Page 2
A common example of this phenomena is the inhibition of penicillin excretion by competition with probenecid.
In the case of a drug overdose it is possible to increase the excretion of some drugs by suitable adjustment of urine pH.
One method of quantitatively describing the renal excretion of drugs is by means of the renal clearance value for the drug.
www.boomer.org /c/p1/Ch16/Ch1602.html   (929 words)

  
 EFFECTS OF CORN AND(OR) SOYBEAN MEAL ON NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS EXCRETION OF GROWING PIGS
Six groups of four littermate barrows with an average initial weight of 29.4 kg were used to determine nitrogen and phosphorus excretion and the magnitude of deviation from minimal excretion due to corn, soybean meal (SBM), or a combination of corn and SBM.
However, in a typical corn-soybean meal diet for growing pigs, the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus attributed to corn or soybean meal is similar.
For the swine industry, several methods of reducing N and P excretion have been proposed and include phase feeding (Lenis, 1989), use of synthetic amino acids (Carter, 1996), formulating diets on a digestible amino acid basis (Chung and Baker, 1991), and use of enzymes such as phytase (Cromwell, 1991).
www.ansi.okstate.edu /research/1999rr/47.htm   (1638 words)

  
 Osmoregulatory control of renal sodium excretion after sodium loading in humans -- Andersen et al. 275 (6): 1833 -- AJP ...
The role of renal nerves in osmoregulatory control of sodium excretion cannot be determined in the present study.
Cerebral regulation of renal sodium excretion in sheep infused intravenously with hypertonic NaCl.
Angiotensin II suppression is a major factor permitting excretion of an acute sodium load in humans.
ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/275/6/R1833   (4526 words)

  
 Potassium Bicarbonate Reduces Urinary Nitrogen Excretion
Net acid excretion was calculated as the sum of the excretion rates of titratable acid and ammonium minus that of bicarbonate.
Similarly, because urine flow was not reduced, reduced urea excretion was not attributable to increased passive urea absorption secondary to increased renal water reabsorption.
Fecal N excretion is a small fraction (<12%) of the total N excretion (25), however, and does not change with alkali administration (8).
www.mgwater.com /khco3.shtml   (3569 words)

  
 Lack of biliary lipid excretion in the little skate, Raja erinacea, indicates the absence of functional Mdr2, Abcg5, ...
Biliary excretion of scymnolsulphate by isolated perfused mouse liver.
Relationship of PL excretion (A) and cholesterol excretion (B) to bile salt excretion in the perfused mouse liver.
Bile salt excretion in skate liver is mediated by a functional analog of Bsep/Spgp, the bile salt export pump.
ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/286/5/G762   (4029 words)

  
 Urinary Excretion of Aquaporin-2 Water Channel Differentiates Psychogenic Polydipsia from Central Diabetes Insipidus -- ...
The urinary excretion of AQP-2 in the patients with
1997 Urinary excretion of aquaporin-2 in the diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus.
1998 Exaggerated urinary excretion of aquaporin-2 in the pathological state of impaired water excretion dependent upon arginine vasopressin.
jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/84/6/2235   (1549 words)

  
 Excretion of progastrin products in human urine -- Hansen et al. 276 (4): 985 -- AJP - Gastrointestinal and Liver ...
or excretion of nondetectable degradation fragments in the urine.
Concentration in plasma (top) and urinary excretion (bottom) of glycine-extended gastrin-17 and endogenous carboxyamidated gastrin during increasing dose rates of glycine-extended gastrin-17.
excretion of amidated gastrin was independent of the plasma concentration
ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/276/4/G985   (3502 words)

  
 Osmoregulation and Excretion
Respiratory surfaces are the chief avenues for the excretion of carbon dioxide and metabolic water, as well as other gaseous wastes, in animals.
This is needed because ammonia excretion relies on passive diffusion, so a gradient is required between the organism and the environment in order for the ammonia to flow from high concentration to low concentration.
The excretion of hydrogen ions (acid) in the urine is primarily responsible for maintaining the plasma HCO
www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Sciences/Zoology/AnimalPhysiology/Osmoregulation/Osmoregulation.htm   (4273 words)

  
 Homiostasis and Excretion   (Site not responding. Last check: )
Of the materials entering the organism some are egested without ever crossing a membrane but much of it enters cells, is transformed into a waste, and then must be eliminated.
It requires little water for its excretion since it is not soluble.
In aquatic organisms the "excretory" organs are usually osmoregulatory organs and excretion is accomplished by diffusion across the gills.
www.lander.edu /rsfox/112excre.html   (3831 words)

  
 Oxalate and calcium excretion in cystic fibrosis -- Turner et al. 83 (3): 244 -- Archives of Disease in Childhood
excretion was 0.06 mmol/kg/24 h with 21 of 24 children having
Correlations were measured between oxalate excretion and clinical variables, and between calcium excretion and clinical variables.
Of the 14 patients with increased oxalate excretion, 13 had normal amounts of glycolate excretion.
adc.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/83/3/244   (2342 words)

  
 Oxoproline kinetics and oxoproline urinary excretion during glycine- or sulfur amino acid-free diets in humans -- ...
Oxoproline kinetics and oxoproline urinary excretion during glycine- or sulfur amino acid-free diets in humans -- Metges et al.
of SAA and Gly alter oxoproline kinetics and urinary 5-OP excretion.
Excessive excretion of 5-oxoproline and decreased levels of blood glutathione in type II diabetes mellitus.
ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/278/5/E868   (5445 words)

  
 CHEST: Aldosterone excretion among subjects with resistant hypertension and symptoms of sleep apnea - clinical ...   (Site not responding. Last check: )
While the causality of this association is unknown, it is hypothesized that sleep apnea contributes to the development of resistant hypertension by stimulating aldosterone excretion.
A PRA [greater than or equal to] 1.0 ng/mL/h or 24-h urinary aldosterone excretion [less than or equal to] 12 [micro]g excluded the diagnosis of PA. If the urinary aldosterone was elevated, but the urinary sodium was < 200 mEq/24 h, the 24-h urinary assessments were repeated after 3 days of dietary salt supplementation.
The reference range for 24-h urinary aldosterone excretion is 2 to 16 [micro]g.
www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_1_125/ai_112903387   (1340 words)

  
 Evaluation of Urinary Porphyrin Excretion in Neonates Born to Mothers Exposed to Airborne Hexachlorobenzene   (Site not responding. Last check: )
Our objectives were to analyze urinary porphyrin excretion and HCB in maternal serum and fetal cord blood in neonates born in a village (Flix) near a chlorinated solvent factory, to detect possible adverse effects in urinary porphyrin excretion caused by prenatal exposure, and to assess their relationship with HCB blood levels.
The present study is the first to analyze the urinary porphyrin excretion in human neonates in relation to HCB levels in cord blood and maternal serum.
Therefore, the greater CPIII excretion detected in the exposed population may be explained by the deleterious effect of tobacco smoking.
ehp.niehs.nih.gov /members/2002/110p205-209ozalla/ozalla-full.html   (3394 words)

  
 Anthropometry-based reference values for 24-h urinary creatinine excretion during growth and their use in endocrine and ...
excretion of well-nourished individuals of the same height (30–32).
A multi-center study on within-person variability in the urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and creatinine in 8 European centres.
Protein intake and urinary excretion of protein-derived metabolites in aging female vegetarians and nonvegetarians.
www.ajcn.org /cgi/content/full/75/3/561   (4219 words)

  
 NEJM -- Urinary Excretion of Aquaporin-2 in Patients with Diabetes Insipidus
excretion of aquaporin-2 in response to the administration of
Increased urinary excretion of aquaporin 2 in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Knoers, N. V.A.M., van Os, C. The Clinical Importance of the Urinary Excretion of Aquaporin-2.
content.nejm.org /cgi/content/abstract/332/23/1540?ck=nck   (1086 words)

  
 Daily Cyclic Changes in the Urinary Excretion of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid in Patients with Carcinoid Tumors -- ...
The measurements of 5-HIAA excretion by the HPLC and spectrophotometric
Time course of urinary 5-HIAA excretion averaged over all patients (A), and individual plots for the variation around the 24-h urine excretion for individual patients (B).
excretion and symptoms of the carcinoid syndrome is not clear.
www.clinchem.org /cgi/content/full/50/9/1634   (2789 words)

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