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Topic: Existence property

	Robert C. Koons: Phl 356 Lecture #9
		It is never a part of that nature, or else the property of existence (the property of being realized by an act of existence) would have to be realized by a further act of existence, which is absurd, leading to an infinite regress of acts of existence.
		This Kantian thesis (that existence is not a property) may appear to be inconsistent with al-Farabi's claim that God's essence is identical to His existence, but this is not so.
		He demonstrated that existence is not a property, but he did not establish that necessary existence is not a property.
	www.leaderu.com /offices/koons/docs/lec9.html (3012 words)

	Bounded Existence Property Pattern (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This pattern is related to existence and chains.
		Note that response chain patterns are different than bounded existence in two ways: response chains require the responding sequence to be of the designated length (whereas here we only bound a sequences length), and the notion of an instance of a state/event differs between the two.
		In particular, a stuttered instance (i.e., in consecutive states on a path) counts as multiple instances with the chain whereas it is a single instance with bounded existence.
	www.cis.ksu.edu /~dwyer/SPAT/bounded.html (299 words)

	LUBA Headnotes Section 36.3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A decision that analyzes numerous aspects of a proposed alteration of a nonconforming use compared to the historic use of the property is sufficient to establish the scope and nature of the nonconforming use where the petitioner does not challenge that analysis.
		A local government decision that states it "reflects the historic use of" the subject property, and imposes certain limitations on the operation of a nonconforming use on that property, is not the equivalent of a determination regarding the nature and extent of the use existing on the property when restrictive zoning was first applied.
		Past use of property adjacent to the subject property as part of a nonconforming use would not establish a right to continue, on the subject property, the part of the nonconforming use that was located on other property.
	luba.state.or.us /hnall/36.3.htm (3190 words)

	Existence
		Williams' candidate is, ‘There is a property which was an essential property of Socrates, and it might have been the case that nothing at all ever possessed this property.’ This does not imply that there is any fact having a nonexistent Socrates as one of its constituents.
		Properties, however, are ontologically posterior to individuals, for there can be no universals existing outside individuals, and their instances are individuated by the individual in which they are instantiated.
		However, although the reducibility of individuals to various complexes of properties would entail a second-level view of existence, the converse is not true: the second-level view of ‘exists’ and existence does not entail the reducibility of individuals, but is merely consistent with it and therefore congenial to those who have independent reasons for espousing it.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/existence (15281 words)

	Colin McGinn - Logical Properties - Reviewed by Patricia Blanchette, University of Notre Dame - Philosophical Reviews - ...
		Those taking existence to be a property deny the semantic equivalence, holding that (i) makes a stronger statement than does (ii), a statement to the effect that, of the Fâs, some have the property of existence.
		Holding that existence is a property allows one to hold that (iv) wears its logical structure on its sleeve: that it, just like âPlantinga doesnât smoke,â is true because the individual referred to via its singular term lacks the property he is said to lack.
		Those who deny that existence is a property must deny the semantic parallel: there is no individual, on this view, for (iv)âs singular term to refer to.
	ndpr.nd.edu /review.cfm?id=1244 (2756 words)

	Maverick Philosopher: Forgie on Gassendi and Kant on Existence
		He does, however, argue for a related claim, namely that existence is not a perfection, and it is clear that the sort of argument he uses for this latter claim can also be used, with suitable modifications, for the view that existence is not a property.
		Therefore, 5) the antecedent of (1) is false: existence is not a property.
		Thus existence is neither a property of an individual, nor a property of a property (or concept) of an individual.
	maverickphilosopher.blogspot.com /2004/08/forgie-on-gassendi-and-kant-on.html (7842 words)

	AN ANALYSIS OF HOLINESS
		Moral holiness, the property of being a moral phenomenon of the highest possible kind, is a distinctive property of holiness in that it is both a complete property of holiness and a part of another complete property of holiness, namely, religious holiness.
		As a self-exemplifying property, existence is analogous to such properties as being a property (being a property is itself a property), self-identity (the property of self-identity is identical with itself) and being unextended (the property of being unextended is itself unextended).
		Existence is a property of John and thus is a part of the state of affairs, John-as-exemplifying-existence-and-humanity-and-whiteness, etc. ‘John is partly existence’ means that one of the parts of this state of affairs is the property of existence.
	www.qsmithwmu.com /an_analysis_of_holiness.htm (7905 words)

	Ontological Argument [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Existence is not a property (in, say, the way that being red is a property of an apple).
		Thus, on this line of reasoning, existence isn't a great-making property because it is not a property at all; it is rather a metaphysically necessary condition for the instantiation of any properties.
		Thus, maximal greatness entails existence in every possible world: since a being that is maximally great at W is omnipotent at every possible world and non-existent beings can't be omnipotent, it follows that a maximally great being exists in every logically possible world.
	www.iep.utm.edu /o/ont-arg.htm (6211 words)

	Property
		In a private property system, property rules are organized around the idea that various contested resources are assigned to the decisional authority of particular individuals (or families or firms).
		Some have argued that property rights in a market economy ought to be treated as resistant to redistribution and perhaps as insensitive to distributive justice generally except possibly at the moment of their initial allocation (see Nozick, 1974).
		Those who are tempted to question or disrupt an existing distribution of property must recognize that far from ushering in a new era of justice, their best efforts are likely to inaugurate an era of conflict in which all bets are off and in which virtually no planning or cooperation is possible.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/property (9262 words)

	S.C. Code of Laws Title 27 Chapter 31 Horizontal Property Act - www.scstatehouse.net-LPITS
		Whenever a lessee, sole owner, or the co-owners of property expressly declare, through the recordation of a master deed or lease, which shall set forth the particulars enumerated in Section 27-31-100, their desire to submit their property to the regime established by this chapter, there shall thereby be established a horizontal property regime.
		The percentage shall be expressed at the time the horizontal property regime is constituted, shall have a permanent character, and shall not be altered without the acquiescence of the co-owners representing all the apartments of the property.
		The administration of the property constituted into horizontal property, whether incorporated or unincorporated, shall be governed by bylaws which shall be inserted in or appended to and recorded with the master deed or lease.
	www.scstatehouse.net /code/t27c031.htm (3561 words)

	Existence Exists
		Existence, as a concept for, something, is the concept for, "all that is," without regard to what actually is or the actual nature of anything that is. It is, every entity, attribute, action, event, or phenomenon (which would include phenomena of consciousness, for example) that is at that moment.
		Existence is used, in this context, to answer the question, "does such'n'such exist?" meaning, does this concept have actual ontological referents.
		Ayn Rand's use of the expression, "existence exists," is one of the most profound of all her marvelous insights.
	www.geocities.com /rational_argumentator/existenceexists.html (932 words)

	Existence Property Pattern (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The classic example of existence is specifying termination, e.g., on all executions do we eventually reach a terminal state.
		This pattern is the dual of the Absence pattern.
		In fact, in many specification formalisms negation and explicit queries for existence will be used to formulate an instance of the Absence pattern.
	patterns.projects.cis.ksu.edu /documentation/patterns/existence.shtml (136 words)

	Glossary of Terms: Pr (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Private property is the right of an individual to exclude others use of an object, and predates the rupture of society into classes.
		Private property is essentially the denial of the private property of others and finds its ultimate expression only in the relation of wage-labour and capital.
		The positive supersession of private property, as the appropriation of human life, is therefore the positive supersession of all estrangement, and the return of man from religion, the family, the state, etc., to his human -- i.e., social -- existence.
	www.marxists.org /glossary/terms/p/r.htm (8268 words)

	Ontology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Medieval philosophers believed that existence is a property that some things have and some things don't, and the nonexistent entities can have lots of properties despite their nonexistence.
		Since the property of existence is a perfection, by Axiom 1 g has the property of existence.
		By Axiom 1, the Property N is an antiperfection.
	cs.wwc.edu /~aabyan/Philosophy/Ontology.html (644 words)

	The Ontological Proof for God (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Ontological Argument claims to prove the existence of a God by claiming that a God with the property of existence is greater than a God lacking the property of existence, and because God is that which nothing greater can be conceived, God must possess existence.
		Kant says that existence is not a predicate, and thus [3] is not a valid premise.
		One cannot imagine existence affecting the image of this apple, because existence is not a predicate; it is simply a qualifier.
	www.wiccan-refuge.com /onto.html (620 words)

	philosophy questions 13
		existence is necessary for John to be bald.
		property, to be an object thought about, or talked about, or believed in, or imagined.
		If any object x has a property F, then it has Q. What is it to be Q? We can think of Q as the property of being something or other.
	www.philosophos.com /knowledge_base/archives_13/philosophy_questions_1305.html (551 words)

	[No title]
		The way the argument is supposed to work is plainly to say that if existence is part of the idea of God in the way that being a prince is part of the idea of Hamlet, then everything you can legitimately say about Hamlet being a prince you can say about God existing.
		Instead, we should say that there’s a difference between triangles and the property triangularity, a difference between a lump of coloradium and the property being coloradium, and a difference between God and the property of being God.
		that if anything had that property it would have to have its angles add up to 180o : you might even say that this is a property of the property triangularity: that it requires the things that have it to have angles that add up to 180.
	stripe.colorado.edu /~leeds/ontological.doc (626 words)

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