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Topic: Existential phenomenology

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Phenomenology

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	Phenomenology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Phenomenology is a current in philosophy that takes intuitive experience of phenomena (what presents itself to us in conscious experience) as its starting point and tries to extract the essential features of experiences and the essence of what we experience.
		As such, phenomenological thought influenced the development of existential phenomenology and existentialism in France, as is clear from the work of Jean-Paul Sartre, and Munich phenomenology (Johannes Daubert, Adolf Reinach) in Germany.
		Transcendence is maintained in existential phenomenology to the extent that the method of phenomenology must take a presuppositionless starting point - transcending claims about the world arising from, for example, natural or scientific attitudes or theories of the ontological nature of the world.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phenomenology (1278 words)

	Phenomenology - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Phenomenological thought essentially influenced the development of existential phenomenology and existentialism in France, as is clear from the work of Jean-Paul Sartre, and Munich phenomenology (Johannes Daubert, Adolf Reinach) in Germany.
		Maybe the single most important element of phenomenology that Husserl took over from Brentano is intentionality, the notion that the main characteristic of consciousness is that it is always intentional.
		Now (transcendental) phenomenology is the study of the essential structures that are left in pure consciousness: this amounts in practise to the study of the noemata and the relations among them.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Phenomenology (912 words)

	Phenomenology
		Phenomenology is the study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the first-person point of view.
		Phenomenology is commonly understood in either of two ways: as a disciplinary field in philosophy, or as a movement in the history of philosophy.
		His phenomenology addressed the role of attention in the phenomenal field, the experience of the body, the spatiality of the body, the motility of the body, the body in sexual being and in speech, other selves, temporality, and the character of freedom so important in French existentialism.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/phenomenology (9015 words)

	Phenomenology Online: Phenomenologies of Environment and Place
		A key to a phenomenology of community and locality is, the lifeworld–the taken-for-granted pattern and context of everyday living through which the person conducts his or her day-to-day life without having to make it an object of conscious attention (Seamon, 1979).
		A Nigerian student depicts the strong existential outsideness he felt when first arriving in America, while a woman who grew up in a small Kansas town pictures the intense sense of existential insideness she knew there.
		It is in relation to questions like these that a phenomenology of landscape becomes significant, for a major question is how the physical environment contributes to a sense of region and place.
	www.phenomenologyonline.com /articles/seamon.html (1958 words)

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		In this sense, phenomenology may be one useful way for the environment-behavior researcher to reconcile the difficult tensions between feeling and thinking and between firsthand lived experience and secondhand conceptual accounts of that experience.
		These "existential" phenomenologists, as they came to be called, argued that such transcendental structures are questionable because Husserl based their reality on speculative, cerebral reflection rather than on actual human experience taking place within the world of everyday life (Schmidt, 1985).
		In this regard, Toombs' first-person phenomenology of illness (Toombs, 1993a, 1993b) succeeds in terms of all Polkinghorne's criteria: Her writing is vivid, accurate, and rich in the sense that the reader is drawn into the reality of her descriptions and can believe they relate to concrete experiences that she, the reader, can readily enter secondhand.
	www.arch.ksu.edu /seamon/Seamon_reviewEAP.htm (10434 words)

	Pathways to Phenomenology and Analytic Philosophy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Phenomenology was announced by Edmund Husserl in 1900-1901 as a bold, radically new way of doing philosophy, an attempt to bring philosophy back from abstract metaphysical speculation wrapped up in pseudo-problems, in order to come into contact with the matters themselves, with concrete living experience.
		Husserl's discovery of the reduction and transcendental phenomenology 124; 5.
		Emmanuel Levinas: the phenomenology of alterity 320; 11.
	www.formalontology.it /pathways_philosophy_two.htm (4218 words)

	What is existential-phenomenology? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Phenomenology, beginning with Edmund Husserl, urges that the world of immediate or "lived" experience takes precendence over the objectified and abstract world of the "natural attitude" of natural science.
		Phenomenology, therefore, engages in a process known as "bracketing" in which the "natural attitude" is placed aside such that the researcher may begin with "the things themselves," as Husserl said — or, in other words, in the phenomena as they show themselves in experience.
		While Kierkegaard philosophized existentially, which influenced the existentialists of the 20th century, he did not hold to the existential axiom that "existence precedes essence," as Sartre asserted.
	www.mythosandlogos.com /whatep.html (7199 words)

	Phenomenology Online: Existential phenomenology
		Phenomenology requires of its practitioners a heedful attunement to the modes of being of the ways that things are in the world.
		Heidegger's existential phenomenology is also often referred to as ontological phenomenology (concerned with being) while Husserl's transcendental phenomenology is epistemological (concerned with knowledge and the cogito).
		While Husserl's phenomenology is oriented to transcendental essences, Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology is existential, oriented to lived experience, the embodied human being in the concrete world.
	www.phenomenologyonline.com /inquiry/4.html (398 words)

	Existential Phenomenology and Cognitive Science
		Phenomenology, van Gelder argues, provides a constraint on theory construction in the cognitive sciences - if the model cannot account for our experience of the phenomena at issue, it at least should be able to explain why our experience is deceptive (see [27]).
		In this case, Dreyfus uses a phenomenology of skills (see Dreyfus [6]) to support a neural-network model, which need not make any appeal to representations and rules in simulating human cognition (see [48ff]).
		But these differences, far from rendering existential phenomenology irrelevant to the concerns of cognitive science, may prove to be an advantage in moving the discipline out of some of the "conceptual straightjackets" hindering progress in research in the cognitive sciences.
	ejap.louisiana.edu /EJAP/1996.spring/wrathall.kelly.1996.spring.html (3109 words)

	Jean-Paul Sartre [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Sartre's methodology is Husserlian (as demonstrated in his paper "Intentionality: a fundamental ideal of Husserl's phenomenology") insofar as it is a form of intentional and eidetic analysis.
		The distinctiveness of Sartre's development of Husserl's phenomenology can be characterised in terms of Sartre's methodology, of his view of the self and of his ultimate ethical interests.
		This accounts for the phenomenology of 'seeing', which is such that the subject is clearly aware of her pre-reflective consciousness of the house.
	www.iep.utm.edu /s/sartre-ex.htm (7464 words)

	Phenomenology -- Philosophy Books and Online Resources
		Phenomenology, 20th-century philosophical movement dedicated to describing the structures of experience as they present themselves to consciousness, without recourse to theory, deduction, or assumptions from other disciplines such as the natural sciences.
		Phenomenology is a school of philosophy whose principal purpose is to study the phenomena, or appearances, of human experience while attempting to suspend all consideration of their objective reality or subjective association.
		SPEP is the Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy, a professional organization devoted to supporting philosophy inspired by Continental European traditions.
	www.erraticimpact.com /~20thcentury/html/phenomenology.htm (1152 words)

	International Communicology Institute
		Communicology uses the methodology of semiotic phenomenology in which the expressive body discloses cultural codes, and cultural codes shape the perceptive body—an ongoing, dialectical, complex helix of twists and turns constituting the reflectivity, reversibility, and reflexivity of consciousness and experience.
		The methodology is inherently heuristic (semiotic) and recursive (phenomenology) as a logic in the tradition of Peirce and Husserl.
		Cassirer’s semiotic phenomenology and Edmund Husserl’s existential phenomenology were elaborated in Germany by Karl Bühler, Sprachtheorie (1934), translated in 1990 as Theory of Language: The Representational Function of Language.
	www.communicology.org /comm_precis.html (933 words)

	On the Structure of Human Existence: (Jeffrey Compton, M.A.)
		It may be said of Merleau-Ponty's work that embodied Husserl's eidetic phenomenology with his insistence on the body as the experiential locus of existence and of the primary role that perception plays in human consciousness, a project Husserl recognized only towards the end of his life.
		The fundamental trait of existential coexistence of human beings appears in their jointly sustaining and maintaining the openness of the world they clear in common...when people are together, they reveal only that they are jointly and inherently dwelling in the same relationship to common objects of their shared world.
		The ideal of phenomenology, Husserl's version in particular, was to bracket one's presuppositions to the degree possible and allow the phenomenon to unfold and disclose itself in its suchness.
	home.earthlink.net /~rationalmystic/humanstr.htm (9201 words)

	What is Phenomenology?
		Phenomenology began in the philosophical reflections of Edmund Husserl in Germany during the mid-1890s and is thus over a century old.
		(3) Existential phenomenology is often traced back to Martin Heidegger's Sein und Zeit of 1927, the project of which was actually to use an analysis of human being as a means to a fundamental ontology that went beyond the regional ontologies described by Husserl.
		The issues addressed in hermeneutical phenomenology include simply all of those that were added to the agenda in the previous tendencies and stages.
	www.phenomenologycenter.org /phenom.htm (1395 words)

	5.1 Existential phenomenology
		The paradigmatic thinker of phenomenology is Edmund Husserl (1859-1938), and that of existentialism Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980).
		The original slogan of phenomenology is 'Back to things themselves!' It was a critique of academic philosophy, especially neo-Kantianism, and a chance to finish mere analyzing of concepts but to make a fresh philosophy of things (Whitford 1998: 49).
		Entrikin (1976: 623) defines 'existential phenomenology' as a 'combination of the phenomenological method with the importance of understanding man in his existential world'.
	ethesis.helsinki.fi /julkaisut/mat/maant/pg/lipsanen/051.html (743 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Philosophy: Continental Philosophy: Phenomenology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology - BSP publishes papers on phenomenology and existential philosophy as well as contributions from other fields of philosophy.
		Phenomenology and Cognitive Science - Collects resources on the intersection between phenomenology of Husserlian kind or origin and the new cognitive science, a non-reductionist science of cognition which takes consciousness seriously.
		Seminar on Phenomenology and Hermeneutics, Marquette University - Beginning in 1996 as a forum for discussing the work of Edmund Husserl, the Seminar on Phenomenology and Hermeneutics, has expanded and now investigates and shares research in all aspects of phenomenology and hermeneutics.
	dmoz.org /Society/Philosophy/Continental_Philosophy/Phenomenology (516 words)

	International Education Webzine - Epistemological Orientation of Existential-phenomenology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Phenomenology is rationalistic whereas existentialism is concerned with such practical issues as making choices, decisions and personal commitments.
		Phenomenology is the act of detachment, of standing back from the realm of experienced existence in order to understand it, whereas existentialism urges a life of thoroughgoing engagement and involvement as the surest way of creating for human existence.
		Both existentialism and phenomenology hold that the source of human knowledge is the ego.
	members.iteachnet.org /webzine/article.php?story=20040618054209349 (270 words)

	The Psychological in the Neighborhood of Thought and Poetry: The Uncanny Logos of the Psyche
		In an existential perspective, all the phenomena that have until now been inexplicably misinterpreted as the possessions, faculties, or functions of a hypothesized psyche become visible as the highly various, concrete modes of existing as the world-spanning openness that is human Dasein.
		The existential perspective on Dasein, that is, a philosophical position regarding the human kind of being, provides the basis for psychology.
		The matter of concern in the client's existential unfolding is, according to Boss, her being called forth to be.
	www.janushead.org /3-1/msipiora.cfm (5787 words)

	SUNY Press :: Phenomenology in a Pluralistic Context
		Phenomenology in a Pluralistic Context contains papers selected from three years of meetings of the Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy (SPEP).
		The essays are representative of the most current thinking among North American philosophers who have been influenced by the phenomenological movement.
		Special emphasis is given to issues in social and political theory; the philosophy of medicine, of art, of language, and of religion; phenomenology's relationship to Kantianism and to Marxism; and the figures of Merleau-Ponty, Sartre, and Heidegger.
	www.sunypress.edu /details.asp?id=50716 (358 words)

	Dr. James Marsh
		Annual meeting of the Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy, Goucher College, Baltimore, Maryland, October 4, 2001.
		Phenomenology and the Problem of History, by David Carr, Modern Schoolman LIV, January 1976, pp.
		An Existential Phenomenology of Law, by William Hamrick, International Philosophical Quarterly XXX, September 1990, pp.
	www.fordham.edu /philosophy/Faculty/marsh.htm (4735 words)

	Gary Gutting - Erasmus Institute - University of Notre Dame
		Especially since the rise of existential phenomenology in the 1940s—and continuing through the poststructuralism of the last thirty years—the mainline of French philosophical thought (defined by Sartre, Merleau-Ponty, Foucault, Derrida, Deleuze, and Lyotard) has largely excluded the great traditional issues of religious faith.
		At the same time, it is well known that some important figures in the history of existential phenomenology, particularly Gabriel Marcel, Emmanuel Levinas, and Paul Ricoeur, have strong religious interests and commitments.
		The project for my work at the Erasmus Institute is a comparative and critical study of the role of religion in the work of these three philosophers, with the goal of reassessing the importance of religious themes for understanding existential phenomenology.
	www.nd.edu /~erasmus/fellows_research/00gutting_projects.html (166 words)

	The Very Best Books : Existential Phenomenology and the World of Ordinary Experience: An Introduction
		Existential Phenomenology and the World of Ordinary Experience: An Introduction
		Brockelman has written a clear and terse survey of the lands that existential philosophy and phenomenology share in this brief introduction.
		This slim book is highly recommended to interested students (and academics in general who wish to catch up with the phenomenological existential movement) of philosophy, psychology, English (literary theory), cultural studies, and intellectual history.
	www.elise.com /store/Reviews/ItemId/0819111929 (108 words)

	Ludwig Binswanger -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Swiss psychiatrist and writer who applied the principles of existential phenomenology, especially as expressed by Martin Heidegger, to psychotherapy.
		Diagnosing certain psychic abnormalities (e.g., elation fixation, eccentricity, and mannerism) to be the effect of the patient's distorted self-image and his inadequate relation to the world, he developed a form of...
		Human existence is, for all the forms of Existentialism, the projection of the future on the basis of the possibilities that constitute it.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9079242 (678 words)

	Jean-Paul Sartre, Philosophy & Existentialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The principal theoretical text of his early period, it deals with the relationship between phenomenology and ontology and lays the foundations for the development of an existential psychoanalysis.
		An early application of Sartre's existential psychoanalysis which prefigures much of the analysis of his later biography of Jean Genet.
		Sartre's first philosophical book, dealing with the phenomenology of self-consciousness it marks the beginning of his departure from classical Husserlian phenomenology and the emergence of his existential-phenomenology.
	members.aol.com /DonJohnR/Philosophy/Sartre.html (731 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Existential Thought and Therapeutic Practice: Introduction to Existential Psychotherapy: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Introducing the ideas of existential phenomenology and existential psychotherapy, this text shows how therapeutic phenomena familiar to all therapists and counsellors can be understood from an existential viewpoint.
		The author demonstrates how the existential approach opens up access to issues that other therapeutic orientations have neglected, such as the difficulty of choice, the burden of responsibility and the inevitability of death.
		Cohn is not a philosopher, and perhaps this is why his grasp of Heidegger's phenomenology is so poor.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0761951091 (721 words)

	Untitled
		Ian Rory Owen, MA What is often referred to as the existential approach to counselling and psychotherapy may be defined as the application of existential-phenomenological philosophy towards psychotherapeutic ends, in which individual practitioners choose how to apply their readings of the leading authors.
		Merleau-Ponty's claim in Phenomenology of Perception (1962) that the anonymous body guarantees an intersubjective world is problematic because it omits the particularities of bodies.
		Brief outline of the existential and phenomenological approach(es) to psychotherapy and counselling.
	www.empoweringpeople.net /PPlinks.html (1669 words)

	Memetics discussion list archive (associated with Jom-EMIT): Zen Buddhism and Existential Phenomenology (Pt. II)
		These choices still reflect the imposed-upon, and are relational to them, and gain further validity (in the sense of multiplicity of shared perspectives) from corroboration; shared perception and shared meaning are less contingent than their solitary apprehension and creation.
		The existential leap is an outgrowth of the phenomenological apprehension of the lived world tempered bynthe reflective realization of its contingent nature as interpretive.
		In Zen, this leap is analogous to Satori.
	cfpm.org /~majordom/memetics/2000/13212.html (1606 words)

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