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Topic: Exogamous

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	FAMILY - LoveToKnow Article on FAMILY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Women among totemistic and exogamous savages are in a degraded position, nor does the deriving and inheriting of the kinship name, or anything else, on the spindle side, imply any ignorance of paternal relations; even where, as among Central Australian tribes, the facts of reproduction fire said to be unknown.
		But asit is quite possible that the exogamous groups were deliberat~ly introduced to regulate marital relations, and as they could only do so by introducing exogamy, we do not see how that system can be the result of the gradual development of an organization quelconque,-of unknown nature.
		The exogamous moieties of a tribe (phratries) are not the result of a reformatory legislative bisection of the tribe, but of the existence of two intermarrying totem clan groups.
	19.1911encyclopedia.org /F/FA/FAMILY.htm (10722 words)

	TOTEMISM - LoveToKnow Article on TOTEMISM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Obliged, as now, to marry out of their own exogamous division (one of four sub-classes among the Arunta) into one of the four sub-classes of the opposite side, no man could then find in it a woman of his own totem to marry.
		Are tile Arunta Primitive or not ?In the whole totemic controversy the question as to whether the non-exogamous non-hereditary totemism of the Arunta or the hereditary and exogamous totemism of the rest of Australia and of totemic mankind, be the earlier, is crucial.
		Thus no theory of exogamous rules as the result of legislation to prevent the unions of persons closely akin, can produce, or has produced, any reason for the aversion to such unions arising among people to whomr on the theory, they were familiar.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /T/TO/TOTEMISM.htm (11990 words)

	Incest - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In this example, the exogamous group is small and the endogamous group is large.
		But in some societies, the exogamous group and endogamous group may be of equal size.
		Chinese society provides an example of a society with a very broad notion of the exogamous group, as relations between two individuals with the same surname may be banned.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Incest (2894 words)

	Knowledge of French within Canada
		Within exogamous families, the bilingualism of the Anglophone parent appears to be a highly significant factor in ensuring or inhibiting knowledge of French and its transmission as a mother tongue.
		The 1996 Census confirms that the bilingualism of the non-Francophone parent is a major factor in the transmission of French as a mother tongue and in the transmission of the ability to speak French.
		This data makes clear that the use of French in exogamous homes is not just a question of the commitment and determination of the Francophone parent, but is also related to the linguistic environment created by the other parent's language skills.
	www.pch.gc.ca /progs/lo-ol/perspectives/english/assimil2/04c.html (1354 words)

	Intergenerational Transmission: The 1996 Census
		More impressive is the rise in the rate of transmission in exogamous families, from 18.7% in the 15 to 18 age group to 24.7% in the 0 to 5 age group.
		It might be suggested that the strengthening of the French language in exogamous families is attributable to the rising level of bilingualism among non-Francophone parents.
		The rate of transmission in exogamous families where the non-Francophone speaks no French rises progressively in each of the younger age groups from 10% in the 15 to 18 age group to 16% in the the 0 to 5 age group.
	www.pch.gc.ca /OFFLANGOFF/perspectives/english/assimil2/04f.html (1249 words)

	Exogamy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lang, however, denies there is any group marriage, and says that so-called group marriage is only tribe-regulated licence.
		Hill-Tout [cite?] writes that exogamous rules arose for political reasons by marriage treaties between groups.
		Darwin denies primitive promiscuous intercourse, and says exogamy arose from the strongest male driving the other males out of the group.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Exogamy (429 words)

	PRIMITIVE MARRIAGE
		At the outset of our argument it was seen that if it could be shown that exogamous tribes existed, and that the usual relations of savage tribes to each other were those of hostility, we should have found a social condition in which it was inevitable that wives should systematically be procured by capture.
		With some of the exogamous races it appears to be the rule to kill all female children, except the first-born when a female.
		To tribes surrounded by enemies, and, unaided by art, contending with the difficulties of subsistence, sons were a source of strength, both for defence and in the quest for food, daughters a source of weakness.
	www.udayton.edu /~hume/McLennan/McLennan.htm (6367 words)

	Levirate marriage - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Levirate marriage is the practice of a woman marrying one of her husband's sons or brothers after her husband's death, in order to continue his line.
		Levirate marriage has been practiced by societies with a strong clan structure in which exogamous marriage outside the clan was forbidden.
		Groups that have practiced levirate marriage include the Israelites, the Xiongnu, the Mongols, and the Tibetans.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Levirate_marriage (99 words)

	The Misuse of the Term "Nation State"
		Interbreeding exogamous bands feel a sympathy for each other, not only because of the bonds of intermittent companionship, language, and culture that unite them, but also because regular intermarriage binds them tightly with kinship ties.
		In consequence, the members of a group of exogamous bands may sometimes unite to aid each other, as when under the pressure of an expanding population the territory of a related band is subjected to infiltration by newcomers.
		It is generally accepted that a group of intermarrying exogamous bands as a tribe, provided that the members think of themselves as a kin-related group and share a common language, culture, and contiguous set of territories.
	es.geocities.com /sucellus23/896.htm (5238 words)

	[Simegen-L] Re: Female vs male characters
		Most western cultures are female exogamous -- that is, it's the females who leave their natal groups upon sexual maturity.
		Some human cultures are male exogamous (which may be the model we are moving toward, with the structure of the family centered around females, and the men more or less just passing through).
		Male exogamy seems to be more common in the animal kingdom.) Anyway, in a female exogamous society, it's sort of natural for men to bond more tightly with each other than with women -- because the women may not be around for long.
	www.simegen.com /pipermail/simegen-l/Week-of-Mon-20031117/011381.html (632 words)

	Exogamy and Incest Prohibitions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Many Western and define exogamous categories on the basis of degree of relationship, e.g, prohibiting marriage between cousins without considerations of how they are interconnected through their parents.
		Cousin marriages of any type were allowed, and in fact there was a preference for patrilateral parallel cousin marriage, i.e., a union between the children of two brothers, in some circumstances.
		This asymmetry seems to be related to a preference for men to marry women of lower generations, as exemplified by the legends of the Hebrew patriarchs and matriarchs in the book of Genesis.
	www.umanitoba.ca /anthropology/tutor/marriage/incest.html (1037 words)

	Origins of the Family. Preface (1891) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		According to this theory, exogamous tribes can only obtain their wives from other tribes; and since in savagery there is a permanent state of war between tribe and tribe, these wives could only be obtained by capture.
		However many exceptions and variations might be found in individual cases, his opposition of exogamous and endogamous tribes continued to stand as the recognized foundation of the accepted view, and to act as blinkers, obstructing any free survey of the field under investigation and so making any decisive advance impossible.
		The opposition of exogamous and endogamous "tribes" on which his whole system rested not only remained unshaken, but was even universally acknowledged as the keystone of the whole history of the family.
	www.marxists.org /archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/preface2.htm (3335 words)

	Karen Strand Winslow - Ethnicity, Exogamy and Zipporah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		According to the narratives of Genesis, Abraham was both endogamous and exogamous.
		These cases of exogamy and exogamous progeny are not marginal, since the later tribes and kingdoms of Judah and Israel are both at stake.
		While the Midianite priest's role is similar to that of Rahav and Ruth, the communal sacrifice and meal of Jethro and the elders in Exod 1.10-12 contrasts to the similar event described between father-in-law/son-in-law in Genesis 31, Laban and Jacob.
	prophetess.lstc.edu /~rklein/Documents/exogamy.htm (4709 words)

	[No title]
		Family exogamy is characteristic of nonindustrial societies, and is usually based on ties of kinship or moiety rather than on political or territorial lines.
		Exogamous rules usually characterize unilineal descendent groups, in which descent is reckoned either patrillineally or matrillineally.
		In the past, marriages have been annulled because they are not under the regulations of an exogamous relationship.
	oak.cats.ohiou.edu /~baxter/hist381/terms/exogamy.htm (886 words)

	essentials
		But because the two would-be contracting parties do actually belong to suitable exogamous groups, it does not necessarily follow that all impediments to the proposed marriage are removed.
		Whatever the general faults of the natives may be, incest is not included in them, and I am satisfied in my own mind that the idea which has prompted him to avoid as far as possible the intermarriage of blood relatives represents a gradual development of the moral sense.
		A third essential for the marriage to be publicly recognised is that one (Princess Charlotte Bay, Tully River, etc.) or both (North-West Districts) of the contracting parties must be of suitable rank so far as initiation is concerned: where one is necessary it is that of the male.
	www.home.gil.com.au /~tmacey/culture/marriage/essentials.html (443 words)

	Tubac Through Four Centuries: An Historical Resume and Analysis
		These marriages were 27.3 per cent of the sample and 75 per cent of the known exogamous marriages in the sample.
		This high proportion of emigrating brides in the known exogamous marriages indicates that the sample is not representative because it does not include a large number of brides of Tubac men who were married at their home towns and then migrated to Tubac to live.
		Since the church records dealing with Tubac and environs are the main source of the records used for this sample, marriages at the home towns of brides from other settlements who moved to Tubac are clearly underrepresented.
	parentseyes.arizona.edu /tubac/cpt8-E5.htm (1622 words)

	Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Exogamous groups enjoin their members to marry outside the group, sometimes even specifying the outside group into which members must marry.
		Conversely, marriage outside a specific group may be forbidden, and for this restriction the term endogamy is used; more loosely it applies to a tendency to marriage within a group.
		Since exogamous rules usually characterize unilineal descent groups, in which descent is reckoned either patrilineally or matrilineally, the marriage prohibition will apply only to one side of the family.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/print_toc?tocId=9033436 (214 words)

	Exogamous (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		"Exogamous" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 100.00% of the time.
		"Exogamous" is used about 11 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English.
		"Exogamous" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: exagamous.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/Exogamous (295 words)

	APF - Exogamous Families
		It is estimated that between 50 and 60% of students, registered in the Francophone education system in Saskatchewan, come from exogamous families, where the cultures of Canada's two official languages blend together.
		The Association des parents fransaskois (APF) offer exogamous families several tools to aid them as they support their child throughout their years in the Francophone school system.
		Within exogamous families, the convictions and commitments of the Francophone parent to their own language and culture ensure the development of their child in the Francophone school environment At the same time, the support and involvement of the Anglophone parent is encouraged through the availability of practical tools and programs.
	www.parentsfransaskois.ca /apf_eng/education_partnership/exogamous_families.htm (605 words)

	English \| Entreparents.mb.ca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Exogamous families’ guide to the world of francophone education”, that is available to English speaking parents through FPCP.
		It will assist the Anglophone partner of an exogamous family both by answering many of the common questions concerning Francophone education and by explaining ways that a parent can support his or her child’s Francophone learning experience.
		Exogamous families’ guide to the world of francophone education.
	www.entreparents.mb.ca /english/english.php (764 words)

	Clan -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		However, the (additional info and facts about Norse clans) Norse clans, the ätter, can not be translated with tribe or band, and consequently they are often translated with house or line.
		Most clans are (additional info and facts about exogamous) exogamous, meaning that its members cannot marry one another.
		Some clans have an official leader such as a (The leader of a group of people) chieftain, (A female head of a family or tribe) matriarch, or (Any of the early Biblical characters regarded as fathers of the human race) patriarch.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/cl/clan.htm (637 words)

	The Action Plan for Official Languages, Chapter 4 - Community development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A spouse’s level of bilingualism is a decisive factor in transmitting knowledge of French to the children (70% if he or she is bilingual, 32% if not) (see graph 6 in previous chapter).
		Inclusion of these exogamous couples is a crucial issue for the communities, as they are well aware.
		For example, inclusion of exogamous families is one of the central themes addressed by the Société franco-manitobaine in the report it submitted to us, entitled Agrandir l’espace francophone.
	www.pco-bcp.gc.ca /aia?Language=E&Page=ActionPlan&doc=ActionPlan/chap4_e.htm (4993 words)

	Enggano - RMV
		Engganese social structure is based on exogamous matrilineal clans (locally called suku).
		The clans are supposed to be strictly exogamous, according to some old sources.
		Land is owned by the women and inherited by their daughters, just like the old boats once used for festive occasions, and the old traditional beehive-shaped houses.
	www.rmv.nl /publicaties/3Enggano/e/e4d.html (318 words)

	THE GOTRA WEBSITE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The concept of gotra-pravara made such systems of exogamy [marriage outside of a specific group especially as required by custom or law] eminently feasible.
		The gotra is therefore frequently used as an exogamous unit to determine marital compatibility.
		Thus many of the gaNas of the bhrgus and angirasas are considered individual exogamous units.
	www.bharatavarsha.com /iyer/gotra/gotra.html (494 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		An exogamous moiety is a custom in which a population is divided into two social divisions and a man of one group must marry a woman of another.
		Since these three different aboriginal societies had almost no contact in history, it is surprising that they shared the custom of exogamous moieties.
		Radcliffe-Brown found that the two social divisions of exogamous moieties within each culture were named after a pair of animals or birds which are similar, such as coyote and wild cat, or eaglehawk and crow.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/cultural/anthropology/Radcliffe-Brown.html (277 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It has been frequently assumed that the rules imply the existence of "exogamous patri- or matri-lineal descent groups." [See note 16] The arguments seem to take the following form: As an extension of the massina-nana rule it could be said that all persons related "in the male line" are prohibited.
		It is obvious, of course, that the same argument can be turned around to apply to the female side, and theoreticians can discover imaginary "exogamous matri-lines." These formal aspects of the Dravidian type of terminology have worried many anthropologists.
		It is clear enough that the children of "sisters" in a matrilineal society would be of the same exogamous descent group (assuming that there are exogamous groups) and that the offspring of "brothers" in a patrilineal society would be in a similar position.
	lucy.ukc.ac.uk /EthnoAtlas/Hmar/Mar_dir/XMarriage.1890 (442 words)

	East Asian Studies 210 Notes: Nanai
		Conical tents were used more in winter, as were a type smaller board hut which contained heated benches (khagdun), a feature borrowed from the Manchus to the south in the Chinese Empire.
		Wives were generally taken from the groom's mother's clan, after the appropriate bride price had been paid by his father's clan.
		Disputes between clans were settled by interclan courts composed of male elders.
	pandora.cii.wwu.edu /vajda/ea210/maritime.htm (2668 words)

	Introduction
		There are also kindreds or "clans", which must marry out of themselves, but which bear no totemic names - no names of plant or animal: in some cases they do, in others they do not, pay regard of one sort or another, to one or more animals or plants.
		In short we may and do find plenty of exogamous human beings who are not, at present, totemic, but I know no totemic kindred which is not exogamous.
		Either (i) a tribe previously destitute of restrictions on choice in marriage, or possessing restrictions of an unknown nature, was deliberately bisected into two out-marrying and intermarrying sets called phratries; or (ii) independent groups of kin, already outmarrying or "exogamous" federated themselves into the two outmarrying and intermarrying phratries, thereby constituting an organised tribe.
	lucy.ukc.ac.uk /csacpub/duff/intro.html (3205 words)

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