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Surgery for Exophthalmos Exophthalmos, or proptosis, occurs when there is a discordant relationship between the soft tissue and bone of the anterior orbit and the globe. With the exception of acute and progressive Graves orbitopathy (malignant exophthalmos), the disease is self-limited in the majority of patients. On average, 3.5 mm of exophthalmos can be corrected with the endoscope alone; an average of 5.4 mm can be corrected if this is combined with an open lateral decompression. www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Exophthalmos-2004-0407/Exophthalmos-2004-0407.htm   (4304 words)

Exophthalmos - exophthalmos treatment cures Exophthalmos can be either bilateral (as is often seen in Grave's Disease) or unilateral (as is exophthalmos treatment cures often seen in an orbital tumor). In graves disease exophthalmos steroid injection the case of Graves Disease, the displacement of the eye is due to abnormal connective tissue deposition in the orbit and extraocular muscles (Epstein et al, 2003) which can be visualized by CT or MRI. Some exophthalmos sources define "exophthalmos" as a protrusion of the globe greater than 18mm and "proptosis" as a protusion equal to or less than 18mm. www.medicalgeo.com /Med-Diseases-E/Exophthalmos.html   (278 words)

Exophthalmos in Cats - PetPlace.com   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Exophthalmos is the forward movement of the eyeball, so that it sits in an abnormal position in the eye socket (orbit). Exophthalmos should not be confused with actual enlargement of the eye. Abscess or infection of the soft tissues surrounding the eye (especially behind the eye) – Infection behind the eye is often caused by migration of foreign material from the mouth, or by extension of infection from the roots of the teeth in the upper part of the mouth. www.petplace.com /cats/exophthalmos-in-cats/page1.aspx   (959 words)

Exophthalmos | AHealthyMe.com The most common cause of exophthalmos is Graves' disease, overactivity of the thyroid gland. Exophthalmos from Graves' disease is bilateral (occurring on both sides), but not necessarily symmetrical. Exophthalmos is obvious when it is advanced enough to cause complications. www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100586795   (538 words)

[No title] EXOPHTHALMOS is the medical term for a protrusion or bulging of one or both eyes that typically makes a person have a staring, frightened or "bug-eyed" look. Exophthalmos of only one eye can develop rapidly from bleeding behind the eyeball or from inflammation in the orbit. Abnormal connections between the arteries and veins (arteriovenous fistulas) behind the eye may produce a pulsating exophthalmos, in which the eye bulges forward and pulses along with the heartbeat. www.insidebayarea.com /portlet/article/html/fragments/print_article.jsp?article=3384907   (525 words)

THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 8, Ch. 92, Disorders Of The Orbit Thyroid studies should be performed when the cause of prolonged exophthalmos is not apparent; if thyroid function is normal or when exophthalmos is sudden, the cause must be sought by CT or MRI of the orbit (see Ch. The degree of exophthalmos can be measured with the exophthalmometer; if it is progressive, exposure of the globe can lead to corneal drying, infection, and ulceration. The exophthalmos of hyperthyroidism may subside when the hyperthyroidism is controlled, but occasionally it follows a relentless course, requiring surgical orbital decompression. www.merck.com /pubs/mmanual/section8/chapter92/92c.htm   (296 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) The word exophthalmos comes from the Greek language and means the ‘bulging’ or protrusion of the eyeballs. Exophthalmos is not a disease in itself but a sign of another condition, usually something that affects the thyroid gland. Grave’s disease is a type of auto-immune disease (in which the immune system attacks certain tissues in the body) that causes an overactive thyroid gland. www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk /articles/article.aspx?articleId=157   (128 words)

Orbital Diseases in Small Animals - WSAVA 2002 In treated most cases, the exophthalmos regresses within 36 to 48 hours, and the general condition of the animal improves markedly. Exophthalmos and protrusion of the nictitating membrane are usually present. Bilateral exophthalmos, protrusion of the nictitating membrane, and congestion of episcleral vessels are often presenting signs; in chronic cases, exposure keratitis may ensue. www.vin.com /proceedings/Proceedings.plx?CID=WSAVA2002&PID=pr02641   (1475 words)

Revista do Hospital das Clínicas - Surgical treatment of endocrine exophthalmos by removal of orbital fat: clinical ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) For the variation of exophthalmos that is without a major functional indication, the dissatisfaction with any type of bone removal technique is clear, and most patients prefer simply not to be surgically treated. In the stable exophthalmos, appearance is the most important concern for the patient, and surgical treatment should be considered. Patients with endocrine exophthalmos present many variables that concur to comprise the "unaesthetic" appearance—namely, eye enlargement and proptosis and the association with other conditions, such as eyelid retraction, ptosis, scleral show, strabismus, or ectropium. www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0041-87812002000500005   (2526 words)

Medical Dictionary: Exophthalmos - WrongDiagnosis.com - WrongDiagnosis.com Exophthalmos: protrusion of the eyeball from the socket Exophthalmos: protrusion of one or both eyeballs; can be congenital and familial, or due to pathology, such as a retroorbital tumor (usually unilateral) or thyroid disease (usually bilateral). Exophthalmos : protrusion of one or both eyeballs; can be congenital and familial, or due to pathology, such as a retroorbital tumor (usually unilateral) or thyroid disease (usually bilateral). www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/exophthalmos_printer.htm   (238 words)

Thyroid Eye Disease (Opthalmopathy)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) If bilateral exophthalmos occurs in patients with thyrotoxicosis, there is little difficulty in diagnosis and one does not undertake a rigorous exclusion of other diseases. It is most important that the degree of exophthalmos, limitations of ocular mobility, visual acuity, and visual fields be determined during the initial evaluation, and repeatedly during the course if the exophthalmos requires active therapy. The incidence and the degree of progression of ophthalmopathy in patients who already had exophthalmos before treatment, was also not different in the three groups (19.8%, 19.2%, and 22.7%, respectively) as was the improvement of ophthalmopathy (12.7%, 14.1%, and 12.3%). www.thyroidmanager.org /chapter12/Ch-12-2.htm   (3898 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) If exophthalmos is caused by a thyroid problem, you will have treatment to stabilise the functioning of the thyroid gland. In severe cases, exophthalmos may be relieved by surgery involving removal of the bony floors of the eye sockets (surgical orbital decompression). Exophthalmos can also be helped by reinforcing the lids with mesh implants. www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk /articles/article.aspx?articleId=157§ionId=8402   (203 words)

Exophthalmos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Start the Exophthalmos article or add a request for it. Look for "Exophthalmos" in Wiktionary, our sister dictionary project. Look for "Exophthalmos" in the Wikimedia Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Exophthalmos   (196 words)

Eye - Abstract of article: Exophthalmos of patients with Graves' disease in Chinese of Taiwan Exophthalmos of patients with Graves' disease in Chinese of Taiwan There was a significant difference between GD and normal adults for exophthalmos and asymmetry, with GD patients demonstrating a mean exophthalmos of 18.32 mm and asymmetry of 0.93 mm as compared with 13.91 and 0.55 mm for normal subjects (P<0.001). Adequate adjustment of normal and abnormal values of exophthalmos according to individual differences is important for the diagnosis of orbital morbidity and management of thyroid associated orbitopathy. www.nature.com /eye/journal/v20/n5/abs/6701925a.html   (348 words)

Exophthalmos: Eye Socket Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition Exophthalmos is an abnormal bulging of one or both eyes. Abnormal connections between the arteries and veins (arteriovenous malformations) behind the eye may produce a pulsating exophthalmos, in which the eye bulges forward and pulses along with the heartbeat. Treatment of exophthalmos includes eyeshades and eye drops if symptoms are mild, or corticosteroids, radiation therapy, or surgery if the condition is more severe. www.merck.com /mmhe/sec20/ch236/ch236f.html   (365 words)

eMedicine - Exophthalmos : Article by Michael Mercandetti, MD, MBA, FACS Patients should be monitored in intervals tailored to the degree of exophthalmos and complications arising from this ocular malady. The patient who presents with proptosis or exophthalmos must be evaluated, and ancillary testing using imaging studies and corresponding laboratory investigations to ascertain the causation must be obtained. Bilateral exophthalmos and upper lid retraction secondary to Graves disease. www.emedicine.com /oph/topic616.htm   (2390 words)

Adult Health Advisor 2005.4: Exophthalmos You should speak to your physician or make an appointment to be seen if you have questions or concerns about this information or your medical condition. Exophthalmos occurs when the soft tissue lining the eye socket swells. This can happen with a type of thyroid disease called Graves disease, which is the most common cause of exophthalmos. www.med.umich.edu /1libr/aha/aha_exophth_oph.htm   (665 words)

eMedicine - Exophthalmos : Article Excerpt by: Michael Mercandetti, MD, MBA, FACS   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Background: Exophthalmos is defined in Dorland’s Medical Dictionary as an "abnormal protrusion of the eyeball; also labeled as proptosis.” Proptosis in the same reference is defined as exophthalmos. Henderson reserves the use of the word exophthalmos for those cases of proptosis secondary to endocrinological dysfunction. Since the orbit is widest at its anterior aspect, the orbital contents are displaced anteriorly, resulting in proptosis and exophthalmos. www.emedicine.com /oph/byname/exophthalmos.htm   (586 words)

Zebra Card EY-002: pulsatile unilateral exophthalmos Ocular injury and unilateral exophthalmos in a 30-year-old woman. Also notes 4 causes of pseudo-exophthalmos: (1) unilateral ocular enlargement; (2) unequal orbital size; (3) extra-ocular muscle abnormalities after trauma or a nerve injury; (4) enophthalmos of contralateral eye; (5) asymmetric palpebral fissures, as might be seen in ptosis, lid retraction, or facial nerve paresis. A 64-year-old man with unsteady gait and unilateral exophthalmos. www.acponline.org /zebra/references/ey/EY-002.html   (101 words)

PersonalMD.com Health Encyclopedia Exophthalmos occurs when the soft tissue lining the eye socket swells or something behind the eye (such as a tumor) pushes the eye out. Hyperthyroidism is the most common cause of exophthalmos. These studies may detect a tumor or other possible reasons for your eye to be pushed forward. www.personalmd.com /crs.jsp?f=exophth.html   (550 words)

HON Mother & Child Glossary, Thyroid Gland Disorders: Hyperthyroidism The most common symptoms (see here for list) of hyperthyroidism may differ from one individual to another as well as depending on the type of hyperthyroidism. For example the symptoms of Graves' disease are identical to hyperthyroidism, with the addition of 3 other symptoms: goiter, exophthalmos (bulging eyes) and thickened skin over the shin area. In addition to a complete medical history and medical examination, diagnostic procedures for hyperthyroidism may include the measurement of thyroid hormone in the bloodstream and/or a thyroid scan, which uses a radioactive substance to create an image of the thyroid as it is functioning. www.hon.ch /Dossier/MotherChild/child_hormones/hyperthyroidism.html   (365 words)

OSL: Malignant Bilateral Exophthalmos and Secondary Glaucoma in Iatrogenic Cushing’s Syndrome   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) OSL: Malignant Bilateral Exophthalmos and Secondary Glaucoma in Iatrogenic Cushing’s Syndrome Malignant Bilateral Exophthalmos and Secondary Glaucoma in Iatrogenic Cushing’s Syndrome This procedure was necessary because major ocular hypertension and severe bilateral exophthalmos had caused a decrease in visual function and recurrent painful episodes of eyeball luxation. www.slackinc.com /eye/os/stor0497/bos.htm   (137 words)

Graves' disease associated with exophthalmos, cerebral ventricular dilatation and accelerated growth -- Arisaka et al. ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Graves' disease associated with exophthalmos, cerebral ventricular dilatation and accelerated growth -- Arisaka et al. Graves' disease associated with exophthalmos, cerebral ventricular dilatation and accelerated growth A girl aged 1.7 years was referred because of bilateral exophthalmos (fig 1). adc.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/76/1/62   (1109 words)

Exophthalmos - Patient UK Exophthalmos - Patient UK PatientPlus articles are written for doctors and so the language can be technical. However, some people find that they add depth to the articles found in the other sections of this website which are written for non-medical people. Exophthalmos is a protrusion of one or both eyes. www.patient.co.uk /showdoc/40000084   (1084 words)

[No title] The most common cause of exophthalmos is Graves' disease,... Patient with bilateral exophthalmos, as well as highly asymmetrical eye alignment. Exophthalmos can be either bilateral (as is often seen in Grave's... www.howstuffworks.com /search2.php?pg=&server=www.howstuffworks.com&terms=exophthalmos   (109 words)

Welcome to the Crouzon Support Network - FAQ   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Another facial symptom common in Crouzon is the large jaw.  This (by contrast) causes the midface hypoplasia to appear worse than it is, and also leads the lower teeth to be further out of alignment with the upper.  The large jaw is probably the Crouzon symptom most easily correctable by surgery. Often times exophthalmos is caused by prematurely fused shallow orbits; through surgery, the bone of the orbits can be removed and allowed to reossify.  In some cases, however, the shallow orbits are due to a tight craniofacial structure and removing the orbital bones may accomplish little. This author is not familiar with any surgery which claims to actually eliminate exophthalmos; rather, the surgeries offered seem to be designed to reduce its severity.  Likewise, any surgery involving orbital reconstruction may put the optic nerves at risk and should be considered carefully. www.crouzonsupport.org /faq.html   (1219 words)

JAMA -- Abstract: Effect on exophthalmos of various methods of treatment of Graves' disease, April 16, 1982, Gwinup et ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) JAMA -- Abstract: Effect on exophthalmos of various methods of treatment of Graves' disease, April 16, 1982, Gwinup et al. Patients with both exophthalmos and hyperthyroidism were treated with of exophthalmos was lessened with the development of hypothyroidism. jama.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/abstract/247/15/2135   (190 words)

A unique case of exophthalmos in a patient with recurrent pleural effusions CHEST - Find Articles   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) DISCUSSIONS: Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare, non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by diffuse infiltration of affected organs with lipid-laden histiocytes and Touton-type giant cells, histochemically distinct from Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. The most common presentation is bone pain, followed by diabetes insipidus, exophthalmos, retroperitoneal masses, and pulmonary or cardiac involvement. Radiologically, the most specific finding is bilateral and symmetrical cortical osteosclerosis affecting mainly the diaphyseal and metaphyseal regions of long bones with sparing of the epiphyses. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_4_128/ai_n15792211   (707 words)

AR Online » 127Back Issues » May 2004 » Exophthalmos caused by an ethmoidal mucocele Physical examination revealed right exophthalmos and a palpable mass in the right medial canthus, which prompted a computed tomography (CT) scan of the orbits/sinuses (Figures 1 and 2). The CT examination of the orbits/sinuses showed a well-defined ovoid mass that was homogenous in appearance, expanding and obliterating the right ethmoid cells. Appropriate therapy of the mucocele may correct the associated complications, such as exophthalmos, and may prevent visual loss. www.appliedradiology.com /case/case.asp?Id=547&IssueID=127   (771 words)

www.whonamedit.com Inheritable disease characterized by café au lait spots combined with multiple peripheral nerve tumours and a variety of others dysplastic abnormalities of the skin, nervous system, bones, endocrine organs and blood vessels. A disorder characterized by a triad of hyperthyroidism, goiter, and exophthalmos (bulging eyeballs). It is characterized by hyperfunction of the anterior pituitary gland associated with hypersecretion of growth hormone, resulting in enlargement of bones and soft tissue of hands, feet, and face. www.whonamedit.com /syndlist.cfm/81   (871 words)

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