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Topic: Expectation utilities

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	Learn more about Utility in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Utility was originally viewed as a measurable quantity, so that it would be possible to measure the utility of each individual in the society with respect to each good available in the society, and to add these together to yield the total utility of all people with respect to all goods in the society.
		A utility of 100 units towards a cup of vodka is twice as desirable as a cup of coffee with a utility level of 50 units.
		A utility of 100 towards an ice-cream is not twice as desirable as a utility of 50 towards candy.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /u/ut/utility.html (950 words)

	Kids.net.au - Encyclopedia Utility - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Utility was originally viewed as a measurable quantity, so that it would be possible to measure the utility of each individual in society, and add this together to give the total utility of all people in society.
		If the value of the utility function were to be, for example, doubled, squared, or subject to any other strictly monotonically increasing function, it would still describe the preferences correctly.
		A utility of 100 units towards a cup of coke is twice as desirable as a cup of coffee with a utility level of 50 units.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ut/Utility (876 words)

	Utility - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The concept is applied by economists in such topics as the indifference curve, which measures the combination of a basket of commodities that an individual or a community requests at a given level(s) of satisfaction.
		If the value of the utility function were to be, e.g., doubled, squared, or subjected to any other strictly monotonically increasing function, it would still describe the same preferences.
		Also, estimations for small probabilities and their utility payoffs are difficult for laypersons to estimate (See Matthew Rabin's homepage for some puzzles connected with consumer theory).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Utility (1225 words)

	Utilities
		Expectation utilities A qualification introduced by pleasure, remains always qualitatively the same).
		FSA Utilities The FSA Utilities is an regular expressions and performing standard algorithms such as automata determiniz...
		San Francisco Public Utilities Commission The San Francisco Public Utilities Commission is a public agency of the City a...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/utilities.html (145 words)

	Notes to Pascal's Wager
		That is, compared to the expectation, the shortfall of the bad outcome is proportioned to surplus of the good outcome according to the proportion of the chances of gain and loss.
		Expectation does not seem to be such a good guide to choiceworthiness when the variance is large — for what one might end up getting can then be much worse than the expectation — let alone when the variance is infinite.
		And the utility could be made enormous enough to offset any actual person's probability assignment, however small (provided it is positive and finite), so that the expectation of outright belief is maximal for everybody.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/pascal-wager/notes.html (2315 words)

	[No title]
		This paper suggests non-monotonic reasoning about the utilities of outcome states in decision analysis, for two reasons: first, it allows decision theory to be used on the kind of problem spaces to which AI planning is accustomed; second, it allows incremental refinement of the decision models.
		Assigning utility to a set of possible worlds, W, described by a sentence, p, is also no problem, so long as we understand it as the weighted average of the utilities of each possible world, u(w(i)), for w(i) in W, where the weight of u(w(i)) is prob(w(i)).
		Or it is supposed to be an arbitrary convention adopted by the specifier of utilities for the sake of convenience, as a shorthand.
	www.cs.wustl.edu /~loui/deflities.text (3634 words)

	Utility Article, Utility Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The doctrine of utilitarianism saw the maximisation of utility as amoral criterion for the organisation of society.
		Utility was originally viewed as a measurable quantity, so that it would be possible to measure the utility of each individualin the society with respect to each good available in the society, and to add these together to yield the total utility of allpeople with respect to all goods in the society.
		A utility of 100 units towards a cup of vodka is twice as desirable as a cup ofcoffee with a utility level of 50 units.
	www.anoca.org /theory/society/utility.html (920 words)

	Approval Strategy I: Summary and Mathematical Basis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The expectation for the overall event is the sum of the expectations for all of its possible outcomes.
		The average utility of all the candidates must be somewhere between i's utility and the average for all those but i.
		So if i's utility is greater than the average of all the other candidates, then i's utility is also greater than the average of the utilities of all the candidates, including i.
	electionmethods.org /Approval-1.html (2758 words)

	Utility Functions - Stochastic Decision Analysis - Numericana
		The key observation is that we may either translate or rescale a utility scale without affecting at all the decisions it implies: Each side of every comparison is translated or rescaled the same way and it does not affect inequalities as long as the scaling factor is positive.
		Utilities have an upper limit, not necessarily a maximum.) This may be visualized by considering that the utility function of money, which is normally nondecreasing (!), may either have an asymptote or be constant above a certain point.
		In real life, utilities are not linearly related to money values (or else the lotteries would go out of business), which is another way to say that the mathematical expectation of a monetary gamble need not be the proper utility measure to use.
	home.att.net /~numericana/answer/utility.htm (3885 words)

	STRAND-7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		These expectations of consumers and electric service providers should be of equal importance when addressing the expectation of utilities and their investors.
		These utilities are entitled to recover their cost of service and a fair return on assets that continue to be regulated, such as non-stranded local distribution systems, but not generation which may be sold competitively.
		Utilities should be required to submit their stranded cost to a market valuation, which better values the utilities' true stranded costs, and helps mitigate those costs and otherwise protects against overrecovery.
	www.cc.state.az.us /working/strand-7.htm (7735 words)

	[No title]
		The transmis- sion-owning utilities thus can be expected to act in their own interest to maintain their monopoly and to use that position to retain or expand the market share for their own generated electricity, even if they do so at the expense of lower-cost generation companies and consumers.
		As to utilities, Order 888 ruled that it was in the public interest to allow them to add stranded cost amendments to their contracts if they could demonstrate, in accordance with Order 888, that they had a reasonable expec- tation of continued service.
		Observing that cooperatives, unlike traditional utilities, are not vertically integrated but instead function as single economic units, Dairyland claims that G&T cooperatives have reasonable expectations of continued service to retail customers of their member cooperatives that differ substantially from the expec- tations public utilities have with respect to retail customers of their wholesale customers.
	pacer.cadc.uscourts.gov /common/opinions/200006/97-1715a.txt (16563 words)

	[No title]
		The utility of an outcome consists of the benefits that would result if that outcome obtains; the expected utility of an act is determined by multiplying the utility of each possible outcome of the act with its associated probability.
		In this case the expected utilities for acts A and B are given by: 1.
		Since unbounded utilities are realistic (at least for those who believe, along with Pascal, in a future eternity), any incompatibility of such utilities with Bayesian principles must be considered a deficiency in Bayesian theory.
	www.csc.twu.ca /byl/wager.fin.doc (1909 words)

	D0204060 Wood Interim Opinion on Interruptible Programs and Curtailment Priorities
		Utilities should continue to file and serve monthly reports on interruptible programs and curtailment priorities and, unless directed otherwise by subsequent order, each utility should terminate the filing and service of its monthly reports effective the date that the final decision is mailed in the next proceeding that addresses interruptible tariffs.
		Utilities should not be required to assess the adequacy of backup or standby generation for SNFs and consider excluding SNFs from essential customer Category C on the basis of that assessment, just as utilities are not required to do this for hospitals.
		Each respondent utility shall employ a system of advance notice by individualized, automated telephone message (or other reasonable individualized message) to each residential customer or person in the customer's household whose health is identified to be at risk when exposed to extreme temperature.
	www.cpuc.ca.gov /PUBLISHED/FINAL_DECISION/15027-08.htm (6633 words)

	CUSTOMER CHOICE, UTILITIES' LOSS: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Two academic writers who have argued that utilities should be allowed stranded cost recovery define these stranded costs as "those costs that the utilities are currently permitted to recover through their rates but whose recovery may be impeded or prevented by the advent of competition." We choose a definition that is slightly more functional.
		If utilities are allowed to get more than the book value of their assets minus the fair market value of them, then the current equity value can be larger than book value even though true stranded costs exist.
		The utility appeared to be on the verge of bankruptcy several times in 1983 and was rescued by extension of default deadlines by major lenders and an annual rate increase of $245 million that the Public Service Commission explicitly stated would enable the utility to obtain bank financing it needed to stay solvent.
	sixmile.clemson.edu /topics/nrj.htm (14355 words)

	Expectation
		Law of total expectation The proposition in probability space, then i.e., the expected value of the conditional expected...
		Pythagorean expectation Pythagorean expectation is a formula invented by triangle from the lengths of its other two side...
		Vacuum expectation value The vacuum expectation value (also called vacuum condensate) of an chiral condensate.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/expectation.html (100 words)

	Background Paper-Transition Costs
		In that past, utilities were virtually assured of recovery of prudent investments as a result of their monopoly status.
		When FERC exercises oversight over a utility’s transition cost determination, there are evidentiary standards that must be met; and a set body of procedures for establishing transition costs which are intended to ensure full recovery of legitimate, prudent and verifiable transition costs while requiring the utility to mitigate transition costs.
		For most utilities, the expectation to serve a wholesale customer is limited by the duration of a contract with that customer.
	www.nwppc.org /Library/transitionboard/trnsicst.htm (6389 words)

	Thelen Reid & Priest LLP Law Firm: Articles: Energy Notes, a newsletter on current legal issues in energy and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Instead, the "Length of Obligation (reasonable expectation period)" was to be determined on the basis of all of the facts and circumstances presented in each case.
		Proponents of full stranded cost recovery, such as utilities and the investment community, believe that the policies initially adopted by the FERC in Order No. 888 are needed to protect the financial integrity of utilities during the transition from being a regulated monopoly to the era of openly competitive electricity markets.
		As a result of the deregulation process, state regulatory commissions are encouraging traditionally integrated electric utilities to dispose of their generation assets, so as to reduce the incumbent utilities' dominance and pricing power in the local generation market, and to help determine the values of the assets for stranded asset recovery purposes.
	www.thelenreid.com /articles/article/art_52_idx.htm (5247 words)

	UTILITIES COVERAGE/UTILITY FACILITY ENDORSEMENT COVERAGE/TITLE UNDERWRITING
		In the case of improved property presently connected to the particular utilities, we would be safe in giving this portion of the coverage upon confirming which utilities are connected.
		Utility companies usually require deeds for their utility lines from the developer who is required to install them as off-site improvements as part of the process of obtaining land use approvals.
		Cliff Morgan (Santa Ana) tells me this latter issue (utilities coverage for residential properties) was considered by the Forms and Practices Committee of the California Land Title Assn. before it approved the "second generation EAGLE" owner's policy form last year--and it was decided the coverage should not be included in the insuring provisions.
	www.firstam.com /landsakes/html/email/060299utilitie.html (1380 words)

	NaNoWriMo Utilities
		Some of the people I know are participating in NaNoWriMo and I thought I would lend my "cheerleading" talents to their cause by creating some utilities to keep track of the novel writing progress.
		The expectation is that the NaNoWriMo participant will add to the tag each day adding to the "history" values list (separated by "+" signs).
		Building on the graph idea, I created a page that would display the information in tabular form, detailing the exact expectation and the actual word counts per day, while displaying the graph for reference.
	www.caffeinatedbliss.com /nanowrimo (437 words)

	Utilities Board
		Our governing board is called the Utilities Board, which is comprised of the members of City Council.
		The Utilities Board follows a form of governance known as Policy Governance® that is based on the use of written policy direction.
		The Ends Policy is the vehicle that communicates to the organization the Board's expectations on desired results or outcomes of its operations.
	www.csu.org /about/ub (194 words)

	Pasco: Utility-operating company is sold
		Azurix North America, a Houston-based water utility, said Thursday that it acquired H20 Utility Services Inc. of Holiday for an undisclosed price.
		H20's 70 employees will not lose their jobs as a result of the acquisition, according to a Azurix spokesman Mark Hudson.
		Azurix embarked on an acquisition strategy based on the expectation that utilities worldwide would be privatized.
	www.sptimes.com /News/120100/news_pf/Pasco/Utility_operating_com.shtml (592 words)

	Graphical Models: Software and Datasets
		An expectation maximization example program, which was used to do the computations for the example discussed in Section 5.3 (pages 137-142).
		Note that in order to execute this script the data table utilities and the Bayes classifier programs referred to above (general programs) as well as the dataset
		Note that in order to execute this script the data table utilities, the Bayes classifier programs, and the decision tree programs referred to above (general programs) as well as the datasets
	fuzzy.cs.uni-magdeburg.de /books/gm/software.html (701 words)

	MRO Software Asset & Service Management Software : Industries : Energy, Utilities & Natural Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The use of Maximo Enterprise Suite asset and service management software has grown within organizations facing the challenges of regulatory oversight, highly competitive markets, public visibility, as well as, being mission critical and cost conscious.
		Hundreds of leading companies have selected Maximo Enterprise Suite to meet their work and asset management needs in the Energy, Utilities and Natural Resources sector.
		At MRO Software we are proud to have 7 of the 10 largest energy companies, and 17 of the 30 largest diversified utilities as our clients.
	www.mro.com /corporate/maximo/energy/index.php (192 words)

	MRO Software Asset & Service Management Software : Industries : Energy, Utilities & Natural Resources : Utilities: ...
		The nuclear energy industry is at a crossroads as focus on operational excellence has lead to an economic and political environment where new plant construction is being considered in the United States and is a reality in many European and Asian countries.
		The SNPM stems from collaboration between the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) and the Electric Utility Cost Group (EUCG) with many processes deriving from the Institute for Nuclear Plant Operations (INPO).
		Nuclear power stations across the globe are at various points in their implementation of the SNPM, and require a modern solution to meet their current and future requirements for work, asset, and supply chain management.
	www.mro.com /corporate/maximo/energy/nuclear.php (1300 words)

	Sumter Utilities, Inc.
		We are pleased to announce that SUMTER BUILDERS and UTILITIES CONSTRUCTION CO. INC.
		Sumter Utilities is completely committed to exceeding our customers' expectations in the delivery of quality electrical construction services, products, and total electronic systems integration.
		Our goal is to deliver these value-added services in a manner that is hassle-free, on time, according to specifications, within budget and with minimum effect to the customers' end user.
	www.sumter-utilities.com (105 words)

	Jeremy Bentham (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		According to Kelly, for Bentham the law "provides the basic framework of social interaction by delimiting spheres of personal inviolability within which individuals can form and pursue their own conceptions of well-being." (op.
		81) They provide security, a precondition for the formation of expectations.
		As the felicific calculus shows "expectation utilities" to be much higher than "natural" ones, it follows that Bentham does not favour the sacrifice of a few to the benefit of the many.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/jeremy_bentham (923 words)

	[No title]
		OBJECTIVE 1 (Required) Energy Management initiatives are managed consistently with a Comprehensive Energy Management Program and Plan that includes the minimum requirements of Department of Energy (DOE) O 430.2A, Departmental Energy and Utilities Management.
		FY 2004 EXPECTATION 1 1. Energy requirements accomplished/requirements scheduled to be accomplished during the Fiscal Year in accordance with the CEMP > 0.75.
		40 percent Exceeds expectations: > 20 percent Meets expectations: > 10 percent Needs improvement:
	www.er.doe.gov /epic/docs/slacpa04energy.doc (482 words)

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