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Topic: Expiratory reserve volume

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Inspiratory reserve volume

Human lung

Dead space

Pulmonary function test

Exhalation

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	Lung volumes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The tidal volume, vital capacity, inspiratory capacity and expiratory reserve volume can be measured directly with a spirometer.
		Expiratory reserve volume (ERV): the maximum volume of air that can be expired in addition to the normally expired air.
		Residual volume (RV): the amount of air that is always in the lungs and can never be expired (i.e.: the amount of air that stays in the lungs after maximum expiration).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Residual_volume (763 words)

	NGC - NGC Summary
		Residual volume (RV) is the volume of gas remaining in the lung at the end of a maximal expiration.
		It may be calculated by subtracting expiratory reserve volume from functional residual capacity (residual volume = functional residual capacity - expiratory reserve volume) or by subtracting vital capacity (VC) from total lung capacity, or TLC (residual volume = total lung capacity - vital capacity).
		It is the sum of the expiratory reserve volume and residual volume.
	www.guideline.gov /summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=2846 (3679 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The pressure of a gas in inversely proportional to its volume(the smaller the volume, the greater the pressure).
		In the lung, decreasing the volume of the alveoli by 1/2 results in 2x the pressure in the alveoli.
		Residual Volume: even after maximal exhalation, there remains in the lungs some volume of air (about 1200 ml) which cannot be removed from lungs (noncollapsable spaces) B.
	www.calstatela.edu /faculty/plapolt/200b/lect23b.txt (572 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The functional reserve capacities were thus the sum of the residual volume and expiratory reserve volume.
		The insipiratory reserve volume is the volume of air above the TV when the subject inspired to maximum capacity, or the potential volume of air that is not taken up during normal inspiration.
		The expiratory reserve volume is the volume of air that is forcibly expired at the end of tidal expiration, or the potential volume of air that is not normally expelled.
	students.washington.edu /victrope/Respiration.doc (4335 words)

	Lung volumes Pulmonology
		Tidal volume (TV) is the amount of airbreathed in or out during normal respiration.
		Residual volume (RV) is the amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal exhalation.
		This is about 1.5 L. Inspiratory reserve volume similarly, is the additional air that can be inhaled after a normal tidal breath in.
	www.lumrix.net /medical/pulmonology/lung_volumes.html (689 words)

	[No title]
		LUNG VOLUME AND CAPACITIES The total volume contained in the lung at the end of a maximal inspiration is subdivided into volumes and subdivided into capacities.
		Called a capacity because it is the sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume.
		The volume of air remaining in the lung at the end of a normal expiration.
	www.ursa.kcom.edu /Department/LectureNotes/Summer/LungVolumes.doc (1207 words)

	Respiratory Physiology Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Forced expiratory volume in one second; the volume that a subject can exhale in the first second during a forced expiration test.
		Functional Residual Capacity Also known as FRC, this is the lung volume at the end of a normal expiration, when the muscles of respiration are completely relaxed; at FRC and at FRC only, the tendency of the lungs to collapse is exactly balanced by the tendency of the chest wall to expand.
		Also known as FRC, this is the lung volume at the end of a normal expiration, when the muscles of respiration are completely relaxed; at FRC and at FRC only, the tendency of the lungs to collapse is exactly balanced by the tendency of the chest wall to expand.
	oac.med.jhmi.edu /res_phys/Dictionary.HTML (1707 words)

	Anesthesiology Ventilation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Functional reserve capacity would be approximately 2300 ml; definition -- volume remaining in lungs at resting expiratory levels: equivalent to alveolar volume (A) consisting of respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts (30%-40%); and alveoli: (60%-70%).
		In the latter example, the dilutional step had to do with the anesthetic circuit volume and how the magnitude of that volume would causes dilution of the anesthetic concentration as measured at the outflow point of the anesthesia machine.
		As gas molecules continue to be primarily transferred from the alveolar volume to blood, the concentration, let's say, the number of anesthetic molecules in the blood increases and with that comes an increased likelihood that movement of anesthetic molecules in the blood back across the alveolar membrane will occur.
	www.pharmacology2000.com /physics/Chemistry_Physics/physics9.htm (2618 words)

	Grade Level: 6th-8th graders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Students will be able to calculate their vital capacity, tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, total lung volume and dead space.
		Tidal volume is the amount of air taken in during normal breathing.
		Expiratory reserve is the air that is left in the lungs after exhaling in normal breathing.
	www.personal.psu.edu /ajs398/lessonplan2a.htm (837 words)

	[No title]
		The volume of air entering or leaving the lungs in one minute is the respiratory minute volume.
		In both, an estimate of volume of air exchanged (in liters) combined with the time during which breathing was sampled (in seconds or minutes) can be used to calculate a crude average rate of airflow (liters/sec, liters/min).
		Volume (litres) is estimated by multiplying the flow rate (liters/min) by the flow duration (min).
	www.oglethorpe.edu /faculty/~c_baube/Respiration06.doc (2796 words)

	AccessMedicine - Harrison's Internal Medicine: Measurement of Ventilatory Function
		Topics Discussed: expiratory reserve volume; forced vital capacity; helium dilution; inspiratory capacity; maximal expiratory flow-volume curves; maximal expiratory pressure; maximum inspiratory pressure; plethysmography, whole body; respiration.
		VC, expiratory reserve volume (ERV), and inspiratory capacity (IC) (Fig.
		From knowledge of the reservoir volume and the initial and final helium concentrations, the volume of gas present in the lungs can be calculated.
	www.accessmedicine.com /content.aspx?aID=83748 (326 words)

	Static Lung Volumes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Measurement of static lung volumes and capacities in children (age > or = 5) and adults--this guideline focuses on commonly used techniques for measuring lung volumes, including spirometry, gas-dilution determination of functional residual capacity (FRC), and whole-body plethysmography determination of thoracic gas volume (TGV).
		It is the sum of the expiratory reserve and residual volumes.
		The measurement of static lung volumes is performed in the pulmonary function laboratories of hospitals, clinics, and physicians' offices.
	www.rcjournal.com /online_resources/cpgs/slvcpg.html (2749 words)

	Pulmonary Function Lab, Station #1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This section will use a water filled spirometer to help you measure tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, inspiratory capacity and vital capacity.
		Lung volumes should be highest in the tallest subject tested because the lungs frow proportionately with somatic growth.
		Tidal volume should be between 5 and 10 ml/kg of body weight.
	human.physiol.arizona.edu /sched/respiration/morganpflab/station1.html (481 words)

	Biol 2402 Anatomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		To explain the role of inspiratory and expiratory muscles in the mechanical process of breathing.
		Notice the changes in balloon (lung) size as the volume of the thoracic cavity is alternately increased and decreased.
		Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) - amount of air that can be exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation (1200ml)
	www.accd.edu /pac/science/hopper/Biol2402/ResPhyLB.htm (877 words)

	ERV (expiratory reserve volume) - General Practice Notebook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		ERV (expiratory reserve volume) - General Practice Notebook
		Expiratory reserve volume is amount of air that can be forcibly expired at the end of normal expiration.
		It is the amount of air which can be exhaled on top of the tidal volume.
	www.gpnotebook.co.uk /cache/510328883.htm (109 words)

	Re: What is the Average lung capacity of a teenager?
		Lung voumes can be divided into 4 components: Tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume.
		The inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) is the max.
		The functional residual capacity (FRC) is the sum of RV and ERV.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/may2000/957831082.Gb.r.html (347 words)

	Respiratory Vocabulary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Tidal volume (TV)- the amount of air that is moved in or out of the lungs with each breath
		Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)- the amount of air that can be expired forcibly beyond the tidal volume
		Anatomical dead space- the volume of the inspired air that fills the conduction respiratory pathways a never contributes to gas exchange in the alveoli
	www.uta.edu /biology/2458lab/respvoc.htm (144 words)

	Physiology 310 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Which of the following volumes cannot be measured by spirometry?
		the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal expiration
		Given a person who has a tidal volume of 450 ml, an anatomic dead space of 100 ml, and a breathing rate of 12 breaths per minute, calculate the alveolar ventilation rate.
	www.siumed.edu /~dwade/phys310/RsLungVol.html (249 words)

	test05
		__________ is the sum of the inspiratory reserve volume and the expiratory reserve volume and the tidal volume.
		___________ is the volume of air left in the lungs after complete exhalation.
		Dead air spaces in the respiratory tract do not change during respiration; therefore the most efficient way to increase tidal volume is to _____________.
	www.rehablink.com /bsc2084/test05.htm (1091 words)

	[No title]
		At the beginning of this Case Study, you were introduced to the concept of respiration.
		There are four measurable respiratory volumes that are important indicators of respiratory fitness: (1) tidal volume (TV), (2) inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), (3) expiratory reserve volume (ERV), and (4) vital capacity (VC).
		(The term capacity is used to refer to a volume that is obtained by adding together two or more other volumes.) The residual volume (RV) is not an easily measured value, but there is an accepted standard value attached to this volume that can be used when needed for calculations or graphing exercises.
	www.nsbri.org /HumanPhysSpace/focus2/student4.html (232 words)

	BioFax Quiz 3
		When an individual is breathing at rest, he/she is inspiring and expiring a volume of air called the:
		When stretch receptors in the lungs sense that the lungs are full, nerve impulses travel up ______ to the _______.
		Which lung volume approaches your vital capacity (in volume of air) during exercise?
	www.execulink.com /~ekimmel/biofax3.htm (429 words)

	no air to go - acronyms, abbreviations and lung disease glossary
		Forced vital capacity is the maximum volume of gas that can be expired forcefully after a maximum inspiration.
		Positive airway pressure adjuncts are used to mobilize secretions and treat conditions such as atelectasis, or to keep airways open and unobstructed in patients with sleep apnea.
		- a method of mechanical ventilation in which pressure is maintained to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lung at the end of expiration, thus keeping alveoli open and improving gas exchange.
	members.tripod.com /noairtogo/gloss.htm (4810 words)

	50197e3e
		Bigger than normal swings in alveolar pressure are required to maintain a normal tidal volume.
		Bigger than normal swings in intrapleural pressure are required to maintain a normal tidal volume.
		The compliance of the lung tissue is increased above normal.
	kobiljak.msu.edu /cai/psl501/50197e3e.htm (591 words)

	Lung Volume
		Volume inspired and expired with each normal breath
		Volume remaining in lungs at resting expiratory level
		Volume in lungs at end of maximal inspiration
	www.fpnotebook.com /LUN103.htm (142 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Repeat two more times and average the results.
		Define the terms: tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, vital capacity, inspiratory reserve volume on pp.
		Read over the information on "bronchitis" and "emphysema" on pp.
	www.zerobio.com /central/lunglab.htm (193 words)

	Pulmonary Lecture Outline
		Describe the forces acting on and the pathway directing air flow into and out of the lungs: Breathing Mechanics
		The Calculation of both pulmonary and alveolar ventilation given specific ventilative rate and tidal volumes
		Relate how the composition of Residual Volume will affect blood gas concentrations and pH
	main.uab.edu /show.asp?durki=91904 (126 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The amount of air that is inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing is
		The volume of air that can be expelled forcibly from the lungs
		The quantity of air that can be inhaled forcibly over and above the normal tidal air
	www.zeelearn.com /testpapers/biomultiicse/respmultiq4.htm (296 words)

	incentive spirometry -- incentive spirometry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		A number of therapies are offered, including volume therapy (incentive spirometry, IPPB, BiPAP, mechanical ventilation), aerosol therapy (nebulizer treatment, meter dose inhalers), pulmonary hygiene...
		Pfts already but fire mind increase heart disease volume lung volume reduction, physiological reserve pfr what is a fec conditions pfts incentive spirometry.
		You may be instructed on how to use an incentive spirometry device (a plastic device to encourage deep breathing), and cough and deep breathing exercises to gradually increase the depth of your...
	www.adpincentive.com /incentivespirometry (3068 words)

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