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Topic: External ballistics

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Terminal ballistics

Internal ballistics

Bullet

Ballistics

Drag (physics)

Trajectory

Gun safety

Coriolis force

Ammunition

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Conic section

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		External ballistics is the part of the science of ballistics that deals with the behaviour of a non-powered projectile in flight.
		External ballistics is frequently associated with firearms, and deals with the behaviour of the bullet after it exits the barrel and before it hits the target.
		External factors that affect external ballistics are wind and air density.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=external_ballistics (3190 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Smoothbore (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		External ballistics is the part of ballistics that refers to the behavior of a bullet after it exits the barrel and before it hits the target.
		In the 18th century, the standard infantry arm was the smoothbore musket; by the 19th century, rifled barrels became the norm, increasing the power and range of the infantry weapon signficantly.
		In the 18th century, the standard infantry arm was the smoothbore musket; by the 19th century, rifled barrels became the norm, increasing the power and range of the infantry weapon significantly.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Smoothbore (845 words)

	Ballistics Summary
		A ballistic body is a body which is free to move, behave, and be modified in appearance, contour, or texture by ambient conditions, substances, or forces, as by the pressure of gases in a gun, by rifling in a barrel, by gravity, by temperature, or by air particles.
		Terminal ballistics, the study of the interaction of a projectile with its target, whether that be flesh (for a hunting bullet), steel (for an anti-tank round), or even furnace slag (for an industrial slag disruptor).
		A ballistic missile is a missile designed to operate primarily in accordance with the laws of ballistics.
	www.bookrags.com /Ballistics (1871 words)

	Handgun Ballistics ~ Introduction to Ballistics- Schmeg.com
		Ballistics is a term that encompasses a wide variety of disciplines that have a common theme binding them together, the flight path trajectory.
		The external ballistics of Aeroballistics comprises the time ordinance is dropped or when the projectile exits the muzzle of the tube or barrel till just before the instant of impact.
		Interior ballistics - proving that the gun found on the crime scene was actually used for the crime by matching the “toolmarks” on the spent cartridges from the scene, with the control cartridge (which is fired from the gun at the lab).
	www.schmeg.com /2006-Articles/012906-ballistics.html (1107 words)

	External ballistics - Definition, explanation
		The BC gives the ratio of ballistic efficiency compared to the standard G1 projectile, which is a 1 pound (454 g), 1 inch (25 mm) diameter bullet with a flat base, a length of 3 inches (76 mm), and a 2 inch (51 mm) radius tangential curve for the point.
		Ballistic tables for small calibre projectiles (fired from pistols or rifles) assume that gravity is acting nearly perpendicular to the bullet path.
		See also internal ballistics, which covers the behavior of the bullet and propellant before it leaves the barrel, and terminal ballistics, which covers the behavior of the bullet upon impact with the target.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/e/ex/external_ballistics.php (1106 words)

	June 2002 - Ballistics 101 by Tom Kelley
		Ballistics is defined in the Second College Edition of the Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language as "the science dealing with the motion and impact of projectiles...
		For skirmishing purposes, we call these two branches of the science of ballistics "external ballistics," which deals the flight, speed and energy of the projectile, and "internal ballistics," which deals with the combustion, friction and pressure within the fired arm.
		Trajectory is another important external ballistic term, and refers to the path of the projectile from the muzzle to impact with the ground.
	www.civilwarguns.com /0206.html (1032 words)

	External Ballistics - Bob Tuley
		External Ballistics are used to describe the behavior of a bullet after it leaves the muzzle of a gun until it reaches the target.
		The following diagram is useful to help understand how bullets actually fly in a long arc, before gradually slowing and falling back to earth.
		External Ballistics is the science that makes shooting the great fun that it is. Many great books and other information are available.
	www.bobtuley.com /external.htm (571 words)

	BALLISTICS
		External ballistic variations are the main concern for artillery in the field and this page is mainly concerned with external ballistics.
		The basics of external ballistics are simple, if a projectile is fired in a vacuum at some angle of elevation then it will follow a parabolic trajectory to hit the ground.
		The heart of the ballistic problem for practical gunnery is to determine the muzzle velocity and angle of projection that are needed to give the distance for a projectile to hit its target.
	members.tripod.com /~nigelef/fc_ballistics.htm (4919 words)

	June 2002 - Ballistics 101 by Tom Kelley
		Ballistics is defined in the Second College Edition of the Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language as "the science dealing with the motion and impact of projectiles...
		For skirmishing purposes, we call these two branches of the science of ballistics "external ballistics," which deals the flight, speed and energy of the projectile, and "internal ballistics," which deals with the combustion, friction and pressure within the fired arm.
		Trajectory is another important external ballistic term, and refers to the path of the projectile from the muzzle to impact with the ground.
	civilwarguns.com /0206.html (1032 words)

	Firearms and Ballistics
		Since most of (1.) internal and (3.) terminal ballistics is covered somewhat in the bullet comparison and residue analysis sections of this lecture, let's focus on the dynamics of (2.) external ballistics.
		The ballistic coefficient is that number, and it relates the drag of bullets that have similar shapes to one another.
		The Ballistic Coefficient refers to the effect of air drag on a bullet's flight and can be used to predict any particular bullet's trajectory under any circumstances through what are called "drag tables" which apply only to a particular bullet and are published by bullet manufacturers.
	www.apsu.edu /oconnort/3210/3210lect06b.htm (2951 words)

	Ballistics For Dummies
		What's left, then, is external ballistics, which is just a fancy term for what the bullet does from muzzle to target.
		Ballistic Coefficient is a different matter entirely; it's the measure of how "streamlined" a bullet is, i.e., its effectiveness at overcoming air resistance during flight.
		Because with so many folks out there owning ballistics programs for their personal computers, all you need to do is plug in muzzle velocity, bullet weight and BC and you can plot trajectories for any desired zero range.
	www.rifleshootermag.com /shooting_tips/ballistics_0303 (2449 words)

	Ballistics
		Ballistic experiments have been with us since ancient times, when war machines were slinging rocks over the walls of fortified towns.
		External ballistics is what happens to the bullet and residues outside the gun, including the direction and velocity of the shot, as well as any deviation in the trajectory.
		Terminal ballistics looks at the changes in trajectory and speed caused by ricochet and penetration of objects, as well as the layered deposits on parts of the bullet accumulated as it contacts these objects.
	home.iprimus.com.au /ararapaj/craigslea_testbed/Forensic%20Web%20Test%20Site/ballistics.htm (472 words)

	Dexadine Ballistics Software - ballistic data for shooting and reloading
		Ballistic Explorer is the finest exterior ballistics software on the market and the only external ballistics software you need.
		Ballistic Explorer has been on the market since 1988, and through many versions, it has evolved from the low resolution monochrome displays of that time to the sophisticated Windows® interface of today.
		Ballistic Explorer is a trademark and Photo Investigator is a registered trademark of Dexadine, Inc. All other products mentioned are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective companies.
	www.dexadine.com /bexw.html (1134 words)

	External Ballistics
		While interior ballistics deals with events inside a gun, exterior ballistics covers those events that occur from the time the bullet leaves the muzzle until it strikes the ground downrange.
		Based on muzzle velocity and ballistic coefficient, the bullet's position and remaining velocity and energy can be calculated at any point downrange.
		Typically a maximum trajectory height of 2.5 inches (or 5 inches maximum spread) is used for small caliber bullets fired at high velocity while a trajectory height of 5 inches (or 10 inches maximum spread) is used for big game cartridges.
	www.loadammo.com /External.htm (380 words)

	illumin : article : Ballistics of Modern Firearms
		External ballistics studies the behavior of bullets from their departure from the muzzle of a firearm until the striking of a target.
		Simply put, the form factor corresponds to the shape of the bullet and is inversely proportional to the degree of aerodynamic characteristic of the bullet, i.e.
		Although it is possible to design bullets with very high ballistic coefficients, this can be both beneficial and detrimental to bullet performance in terminal ballistics.
	illumin.usc.edu /article.php?articleID=61&page=3 (554 words)

	External Ballistics
		External Ballistics deals with what happens to the bullet in between the muzzle and the target.
		The drawback is that manufacturers use G1 for all their ballistic coefficients, so it's hard to know what the G7 ballistic coefficient is for a commercial Very Low Drag bullet.
		BC Ballistic Coefficient is a measure of how streamlined the bullet is. 0.1 would have a lot of drag, 0.5 is pretty streamlined.
	members.shaw.ca /fclarke/ballistic/Ballistic!-10.htm (803 words)

	External
		External Ballistics is the science of the bullet in flight.
		An understanding of those factors and effects of external ballistics is imperative.
		Ballistic coefficient is independent of bullet weight and caliber in its effect, although increasing weight in a specific caliber will increase ballistic coefficient.
	www.angelfire.com /tx5/snipersustainment/External.html (2002 words)

	External ballistics (Steven R Faber)
		From: sfaber@intgp1.att.com Subject: Re: [physics] ballistics of a bullet in flight Organization: AT&T From article , by swb@cfdlab.ae.utexas.edu (Steve W Bova): # I ended up with a second order, nonlinear, ordinary differential # equation for the downrange distance as a function of time.
		The same thing was done to solve the internal ballistics equations in the books I was reading.
		One might as well fit the whole drag curve to a function that is simple to integrate and you would be just as well off.
	www.yarchive.net /gun/external_ballistics.html (941 words)

	External Ballistics
		Ballistic Coefficients are just the ratio of velocity retardation due to air drag (or C.D.) for a particular bullet to that of its larger 'G' Model standard bullet.
		A good ballistic program should be able to use two velocities and the distance between them to calculate an exact ballistic coefficient for any of the common drag models.
		Also, while a ballistic coefficient can be computed from velocity measurements at two points, differences in bullet wobble diminishes the validity of chronograph testing for BC change over separate series of different muzzle velocities--it needs to be done by separate measurements at different ranges for each shot.
	www.frfrogspad.com /extbal.htm (3459 words)

	BASIC BALLISTICS
		I am often asked questions about the basic principles governing ballistics and related issues, so this is an attempt to provide some understanding of the most popular topics without getting too technical.
		The study of ballistics is usually divided into three: internal, external and terminal.
		An important aspect of external ballistics is the stability of the projectile.
	www.quarry.nildram.co.uk /ballistics.htm (6927 words)

	Oehler Research, Inc.--Ballistic Explorer
		Ballistic Explorer is the external ballistics program that meets all your needs.
		Ballistic Explorer can work with up to three loads or sets of conditions at one time, and we call each load or problem a trace.
		The ballistic coefficient of your bullet can be entered directly to the trace window along with the velocity.
	www.oehler-research.com /explore.html (1842 words)

	Firearms Identification and Ballistics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Since most of (1.) internal and (3.) terminal ballistics is covered somewhat in the bullet comparison and residue analysis sections of this lecture, let's focus on the dynamics of (2.) external ballistics.
		The ballistic coefficient is that number, and it relates the drag of bullets that have similar shapes to one another.
		The Ballistic Coefficient refers to the effect of air drag on a bullet's flight and can be used to predict any particular bullet's trajectory under any circumstances through what are called "drag tables" which apply only to a particular bullet and are published by bullet manufacturers.
	faculty.ncwc.edu /toconnor/425/425lect06.htm (2890 words)

	External ballistics (Steven R Faber)
		From: sfaber@intgp1.att.com Subject: Re: [physics] ballistics of a bullet in flight Organization: AT&T From article , by swb@cfdlab.ae.utexas.edu (Steve W Bova): # I ended up with a second order, nonlinear, ordinary differential # equation for the downrange distance as a function of time.
		The same thing was done to solve the internal ballistics equations in the books I was reading.
		One might as well fit the whole drag curve to a function that is simple to integrate and you would be just as well off.
	yarchive.net /gun/external_ballistics.html (941 words)

	Ballistics Bibliography
		Wound ballistics is the study of effects on the body produced by penetrating projectiles.
		These pseudo-expert "master psychics" of wound ballistics want you to believe only they (and they alone) possess the clairvoyance to properly interpret and evaluate the factors which make a particular bullet more effective than others.
		Wound ballistics is a specialty field that doesn’t receive much exposure outside the few professional disciplines that have a need for valid, scientifically verifiable information about ballistic injury.
	www.cybersniper.com /balistic/fullballistic.htm (2740 words)

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