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Topic: Extractive Distillation

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	Infinite Spirits \| Distillation
		During the first four distillations, the water is removed and the spirit's purity is enhanced.
		The last two distillations completely purify the spirit using a process called extractive distillation, which showers the vaporous spirit with fresh water.
		All remaining impurities attach themselves to water molecules and are removed with the water stream leaving the vodka exceptionally clean and pure, while giving it a distinctive taste at the same time.
	www.infinitespirits.com /main/distill.html (214 words)

	Separation of acetic acid from dioxane by extractive distillation - Patent 4801357
		Extractive distillation is the method of separating close boiling compounds or azeotropes by carrying out the distillation in a multiplate rectification column in the presence of an added liquid or liquid mixture, said liquid(s) having a boiling point higher than the compounds being separated.
		Extractive distillation typically requires the addition of an equal amount to twice as much extractive agent as the acetic acid-dioxane on each plate of the rectification column.
		All of the successful extractive distillation agents show that dioxane and acetic acid can be separated from their maximum azeotrope by means of distillation in a rectification column and that the ease of separation as measured by relative volatility is considerable.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4801357.html (2179 words)

	Distillation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The minimum in distillation is flash distillation, where either the temperature is rapidly increased or pressure reduced, and vapor and liquid fractions are thus obtained, which may be processed as such.
		The device used in distillation is referred to as a still and consists at a minimum of a reboiler (pot) in which the source material is heated, a condenser in which the heated vapor is cooled back to the liquid state, and a receiver in which the concentrated or purified liquid is collected.
		A distillation apparatus sometimes used by chemists is a rotary evaporator to distill (or evaporate) away solvent from a mixture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Distillation (669 words)

	Extractive distillation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Extractive distillation is defined as distillation in the presence of a miscible, high boiling, relatively non-volatile component, the solvent, that forms no azeotrope with the other components in the mixture.
		Mixtures having a low relative volatility can not be separated by simple distillation because the volatility of both the components in the mixture is nearly the same causing them to evaporate at nearly the same temperature to a similar extent, whereby reducing the chances of separating either by condensation.
		The method of extractive distillation uses a solvent, which is generally nonvolatile, has a high boiling point and is miscible with the mixture but doesn't form an azeotropic mixture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Extractive_distillation (362 words)

	Separation of 4-methyl-2-pentanone from acetic acid by extractive distillation with DMSO - US Patent 5194123 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Extractive distillation is the method of separating close boiling compounds or azeotropes by carrying out the distillation in a multiplate rectification column in the presence of an added liquid or liquid mixture, said liquid(s) having a boiling point higher than the compounds being separated.
		All of the successful extractive distillation agents show that 4-methyl-2-pentanone and acetic acid can be separated from their mixtures by means of distillation in a rectification column and that the ease of separation as measured by relative volatility is considerable.
		The temperature of the extractive agent as it entered the column was 85° C. After establishing the feed rate of the extractive agent, the heat input to the 4-methyl-2-pentanone and acetic acid in the stillpot was adjusted to give a total reflux rate of 10-20 ml/min.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/5194123.html (2005 words)

	The Distillation Group, Inc. Distillation
		Distillation of ethanol for both consumption and other uses was one of the first major industries ever developed.
		Multicomponent distillation is the separation of a mixture of chemicals.
		Extractive distillation uses a MSA that increases the volatility difference between the compounds to be separated.
	www.distillationgroup.com /distill.htm (2049 words)

	Separation of 4-methyl-2-pentanone from formic acid by extractive distillation with DMSO - Patent 5232558
		Usually the extractive agent is introduced a few plates from the stop of the column to insure that none of the extractive agent is carried over with the lowest boiling component.
		Extractive distillation typically requires the addition of an equal amount to twice as much extractive agent as the 4-methyl-2-pentanone - formic acid on each plate of the rectification column.
		All of the successful extractive distillation agents show that 4-methyl-2-pentanone and formic acid can be separated from each other by means of distillation in a rectification column and that the ease of separation as measured by relative volatility is considerable.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5232558.html (1295 words)

	Distillation Summary
		Distillation of alcohol for medicine was established by the early twelfth century in Italy, where herbs and spices were added, and it is believed that this practice led to the development of liqueurs such as Benedictine and Chartreuse.
		Straight distillation involves a vessel called a still, or retort, in which the substance is heated and a condenser in which the vapor is returned to a liquid state and transported to a collection vessel.
		The device used in distillation is referred to as a still and consists at a minimum of a reboiler or pot in which the source material is heated, a condenser in which the heated vapor is cooled back to the liquid state, and a receiver in which the concentrated or purified liquid is collected.
	www.bookrags.com /Distillation (3027 words)

	Separation of ethyl benzene from o-xylene by extractive distillation - US Patent 5397441 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Extractive distillation is the method of separating close boiling compounds from each other by carrying out the distillation in a multiplate rectification column in the presence of an added liquid or liquid mixture, said liquid(s) having a boiling point higher than the compounds being separated.
		Extractive distillation typically requires the addition of an equal amount to twice as much extractive agent as the ethyl benzene and o-xylene on each plate of the rectification column.
		The object of this invention is to provide a process or method of extractive distillation that will enhance the relative volatility of ethyl benzene from o-xylene in their separation in a rectification column.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/5397441.html (929 words)

	In Depth Look at Extractive Distillation
		Extractive distillation is defined as distillation in the present of a miscible, high boiling, relatively nonvolatile component, the solvent, that forms no azeotropes with the other components in the mixture.
		Extractive distillation works because the solvent is specially chosen to interact differently with the components of the original mixture, thereby altering their relative volatilities.
		In the extractive column, the component having the greater volatility, not necessarily the component having the lowest boiling point, is taken overhead as a relatively pure distillate.
	www.cheresources.com /extrdist.shtml (3556 words)

	World Intellectual Property Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Use of extractive distillation to separate aromatics is known, in particular for separating benzene, toluene, and xylene from non-aromatics, where the aromatic and non-aromatic compounds have close boiling points.
		In an extractive distillation (ED) process, the extractive agent (or solvent) is added to a feed mixture of components to be separated so that the volatility difference between the components of the mixture is enhanced and an effective separation by distillation becomes possible.
		The extractive agent and less volatile components flow to the bottoms of the distillation column, where the extracted component is recovered by a second subsequent distillation.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=01/83642.011108&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3644 words)

	Distillation - Homedistiller (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		During the process of distillation, the spirits produced by the still go through various stages, generally referred to as foreshots, heads, the spirit run or hearts, and tails.
		Distillation is a means of separating liquids through differences in their boiling points.
		The device used in distillation is referred to as a still and consists at a minimum of a pot in which the source material is heated, a condenser in which the heated gas-vapor is cooled back to the liquid phase (matter)state, and a receiver in which the concentrated or purified liquid is collected.
	homedistiller.org /mediawiki-1.6.8/index.php?title=Distillation&printable=yes (456 words)

	Extractive Distillation - Homedistiller (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Extractive Distillation is defined as distillation in the presence of a miscible, high boiling, relatively non-volatile component, the solvent, that forms no azeotrope with the other components in the mixture.
		Mixtures having a low relative volatility can not be separated by simple distillation because the volatility of both the components in the mixture is nearly the same causing them to evaporate at nearly the same temperature to a similar extent, whereby reducing the chances of separating either by condensation.
		The method of extractive distillation uses a solvent, which is generally nonvolatile, has a high boiling point and is miscible with the mixture but doesnt form an azeotropic mixture.
	homedistiller.org /mediawiki-1.6.8/index.php?title=Extractive_Distillation&redirect=no&printable=yes (324 words)

	Recovery of 1,3-butadiene (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The result of the extractive distillation procedure is the provision of an overhead distillate fraction which is rich in butanes and butenes, and the provision of a bottom liquid extract phase which consists of the solvent and dissolved hydrocarbon components such as 1,3-butadiene and C.sub.4 -alkynes.
		In a single stage extractive distillation embodiment, the said bottom liquid extract phase is transferred to a solvent stripping unit, where a 1,3-butadiene rich fraction is separated, and the solvent is recovered for recycle.
		The overhead distillate fraction from the said second extractive distillation unit is subjected to fractional distillation to yield high purity 1,3-butadiene as a major component, and 1,2-butadiene as a minor component.
	www.sacnewsmonthly.com /invent/polymer_dispersion/recovery_1_3-butadiene.html (2492 words)

	Water Science & Technology 47:10 (2003) 183-188 - H. Demiral and M. Ercengiz Yildirim - Recovery of acetic acid from ...
		Using conventional distillation techniques, the separation of acetic acid and water is both impractical and uneconomical, because it often requires large number of trays and a high reflux ratio.
		Extractive distillation is a multicomponent-rectification method similar in purpose to azeotropic distillation.
		In extractive distillation, to a binary mixture which is difficult or impossible to separate by ordinary means, a third component termed an entrainer is added which alters the relative volatility of the original constituents, thus permitting the separation.
	www.iwaponline.com /wst/04710/wst047100183.htm (313 words)

	Quality Water Extractive Distillation Reverse Osmosis Treatment water treatment filtration filters distillers Filter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Extractive distillation is defined as distillation of water mixtures in the presence of a miscible, high boiling, relatively non-volatile component, the solvent, that forms no azeotrope with the other components in the mixture.
		The method of extractive distillation treatment uses a quality solvent, which is generally nonvolatile, has a high boiling point and is miscible with the mixture but doesn't form an azeotropic mixture.
		Extractive distillation treatment works because the solvent is specially chosen to interact differently with the components of the original mixture, thereby altering their relative volatilities.
	www.discountreverseosmosis.com /Extractive-Distillation.htm (511 words)

	ENERGY AND ENERGY SAVINGS IN DISTILLATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Distillation is the workhorse of the chemical and petroleum industries, for producing high purity chemicals and for recovering organic solvents from waste streams.
		Distillation is going to enjoy its supremacy over other separation operations, until and unless the new ventures warrant the use of new and economically viable alternative separation techniques.
		Choosing a solvent and evaluating the feasibility of extractive distillation are of prime importance.
	www.svce.ac.in /~parthi/DrPLS.htm (3214 words)

	Class Definition for Class 202 - DISTILLATION: APPARATUS
		For the purposes of this classification distillation is defined as the volatilization of a substance for the purpose of recovering material from the vapor produced by condensation or absorption.
		Thermolytic distillation, in which a compound or compounds found in the distilland undergo chemical decomposition, thermolysis, and form different chemical compounds, at least some of which are volatile at the temperature employed, and can be recovered by condensation or absorption.
		A separatory distillation in which a generally less volatile substance, often referred to as a solvent, is added to the distillation column to preferentially remove some components of the vapor by dissolving it.
	www.uspto.gov /go/classification/uspc202/defs202.htm (3860 words)

	Distillation - free-definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Distillation is a means of separating liquids through differences in their boiling points.
		Known since antiquity, the concentration of alcohol by the application of heat to a fermented liquid mixture is perhaps the oldest form of distillation.
		The device used in distillation is referred to as a still and consists at a minimum of a pot in which the source material is heated, a condenser in which the heated vapor is cooled back to the liquid state, and a receiver in which the concentrated or purified liquid is collected.
	www.free-definition.com /Distillation.html (332 words)

	Method for separating butenes and butanes by extractive distillation provided with a polar extraction agent patent ...
		For instance, EP 501 848 describes the separation of a C.sub.4 cut freed of butadiene by extractive distillation with an extractant such as N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or DMF in 3 stages: in the first stage, the starting C.sub.4-hydrocarbon mixture is admixed with the extractant in an extractive distillation column.
		This document also states that, after the extractive distillation and the removal of the aliphatic constituents from the starting hydrocarbon mixture, the majority of the polar extractant is recovered by a desorption stage at from 1 to 2 atmospheres while recycling the majority of the extractant.
		The butenes and the polar extractant as the bottom fraction (4) are fed to a distillative separation (5), and a mixture of butenes and the polar extractant is removed as the low boiler fraction (6).
	www.freshpatents.com /Method-for-separating-butenes-and-butanes-by-extractive-distillation-provided-with-a-polar-extraction-agent-dt20060511ptan20060096849.php (2195 words)

	Extractive Distillation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Extractive distillation is like liquid-liquid extraction with an addition of a solvent to alter the relative volatility of one of the original components in the feed.
		Extractive distillation is used commonly in petrochemical and chemical processing industries.
		One common industrial use of extractive distillation is in the separation of butadiene from a mixture containing butane and butenes.
	www.facstaff.bucknell.edu /mvigeant/field_guide/JasmineJames/302webpage/Extractive%20Distillation%20Webpage/Extractive%20Distillation.html (757 words)

	Section 4 - IV. Chemical Identification, Production and Use (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Extractive distillation is used to effect the basic separation of BD from butanes and butenes and fractional distillation operations are used to accomplish other related separations.
		The stream is then fed to an extractive distillation column to separate the BD from butanes and butenes.
		The solvent, recovered in the solvent recovery column, is recycled to the extractive distillation column with part of it distilled to keep down the level of polymer.
	www.osha.gov /pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=PREAMBLES&p_id=745 (1584 words)

	World Intellectual Property Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The selection of the operating parameters of an extractive distillation column, including the appropriate pressures, temperatures, reflux ratios, and solvents used, to avoid a two-phase region is within the skill of the ordinary artisan.
		The preferred process is extractive distillation, due to its higher efficiency for extracting all the sulfur compounds and rejecting olefins in the FCC gasoline as compared with the liquid-liquid extraction process,
		A process according to claim 3, further comprising conducting said extractive distillation in an extraction distillation column and operating said column with a solvent, reflux ratio, and column pressure such that a two-liquid phase region in said extractive distillation process is minimized.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=01/59033.010816&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3937 words)

	Class Definition for Class 203 - DISTILLATION: PROCESSES, SEPARATORY
		A separatory distillation of a liquid in which a substance is added to the distilland mixture in order to assist separation of its components by forming with one or more of the components a mixture having a minimum boiling point.
		A separatory distillation operation in which an inert vapor is passed through a heated liquid to reduce the partial vapor pressure of the component in the liquid desired to be recovered.
		The addition of a scale inhibiting material to water being distilled or the addition of a corrosion inhibiting material to an acidic material being distilled or the addition of a material which inhibits the polymerization of an olefin at the temperature of the distillation are nonlimiting examples of the scope of this and indented subclasses.
	www.uspto.gov /go/classification/uspc203/defs203.htm (4848 words)

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