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Topic: Extrasolar planet

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	Extrasolar Planet Detection with the AFOE
		Extrasolar planet detection is the search for planets around other stars than our Sun.
		The advanced fiber-optic echelle (AFOE) and extrasolar planet searches, where we discuss the status of the instrument, as well as an upgrade to the instrument, a Fabry-Perot reference, which may prove important both for the AFOE and for all Precision Radial Velocity (PRV) facilities.
		"51 Pegasi and Tau Boötis: Planets or Pulsations", where we discuss the suggestion (Gray 1997) that the radial velocity variations observed in the spectra of 51 Pegasi are the result of stellar pulsations as opposed to the reflex motion due to an orbital companion.
	cfa-www.harvard.edu /afoe/espd.html (800 words)

	Extrasolar planet
		Extrasolar planets were discovered during the 1990s as a result of improved telescope technology, such as CCD and computer-based image processing along with the Hubble Space Telescope.
		One possible answer to these unexpected planetary orbits is that since astrometrics detects the extrasolar planets due to their gravitational influences and partially-ecliptic interference, perhaps current technology only permits the detection of systems where a large planet is close to the orbited star, rather than such systems being the norm.
		The frequency of extrasolar planets is one of the parameters in the Drake equation, which attempts to estimate the probability of communications with extraterrestrial intelligence.
	aliens.monstrous.com /extrasolar_planet.htm (1133 words)

	Extrasolar Planet Light Curves
		Viewing an extrasolar planet's Transit Light Curves is a unique planet transit solution of planet and star parameters, which are derived from an extrasolar planet transit light curve under a number of assumptions.
		The first such instance of using this method to prove the existence of an extrasolar planet was in 1999, when a team led by Greg Henry from Tennessee State University and Geoff Marcy, from UC Berkeley announced the discovery of a shadow of a planet crossing a distant star.
		Whether or not a planet leaves its mark in an observed microlensing light curve depends on the path of the background star behind the magnification pattern of the lens and planet.
	home.austin.rr.com /rogermorgan/extrasolar.html (2515 words)

	Extrasolar Planets \| The Astrobiology Web \| Your Online Guide to the Living Universe
		The Kepler Mission Kepler is a proposed extrasolar planet detection mission that woudl measure the trasnit of extrasolar planets in front of their parent star.
		PLANET - Probing Lensing Anomalies NETwork This website described a proposed method of extrasolar planetary detection that uses gravitational microlensing caused by large distant objects as an optical telescope of sorts that could allow planets down to the size of Earth to be detected at great distances.
		Extrasolar Planet Detection with the AFOE The Advanced Fiber-Optic Echelle (AFOE) spectrometer is a fiber-fed, bench-mounted echelle spectrograph.
	www.astrobiology.com /extrasolar.html (1465 words)

	Extrasolar Planet Found with Small Telescope Network - Planetary News \| The Planetary Society
		By definition, a transiting planet passes directly between Earth and the star it orbits, which causes a slight reduction in the light in a manner similar to that caused by the Moon's passing between the Sun and Earth during a solar eclipse.
		TrES-2 is also noteworthy for being the first transiting planet discovered in an area known as the "Kepler field," which has been singled out as the targeted field of view for the upcoming NASA Kepler mission.
		The passage of a planet between a star and the Earth is called a "transit." If such a dimming is detected at regular intervals and lasts a fixed length of time, then it is very probable that a planet is orbiting the star and passing in front of it once every orbital period.
	www.planetary.org /news/2006/0911_JupiterSized_Extrasolar_Planet_Found.html (750 words)

	Extrasolar Planets - Crystalinks
		Extrasolar planets were discovered during the 1990s as a result of improved telescope technology, such as CCD and computer-based image processing along with the Hubble Space Telescope.
		In addition, extrasolar planets can be detected by measuring the variance in a star's apparent luminosity, as a planet passes in front of it.
		One possible answer to these unexpected planetary orbits is that since astrometrics detects the extrasolar planets due to their gravitational influences and partially-ecliptic interference, perhaps current technology only permits the detection of systems where a large planet is close to the orbited star, rather than such systems being the norm.
	www.crystalinks.com /extrasolarplanets.html (748 words)

	04.13.2005 - Wayward planet knocks extrasolar planets for a loop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It suggests that the non-circular and often highly elliptical orbits of many of the extrasolar planets discovered to date may be the result of planets scattering off one another.
		A large Jupiter-sized planet moves in and feuds with the outer planet, knocking it from a circular to an egg-shaped orbit.
		Because the outer planet dominates the system, over time it perturbed the middle planet's orbit enough to deform it slowly into an eccentric orbit as well, which is what is seen today, although every 7,000 years or so, the middle planet returns gradually to a circular orbit.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/2005/04/13_planet.shtml (1459 words)

	Extrasolar Planets
		The planet having the 2.8 mass is considered to be 0.47 astronomical units from the pulsar with a nearly circular orbit.
		Planet 2 has a mass of 3.4 times that of the Earth, is 0.36 AU away from its star, an orbital period of 66.54 days, and an orbital eccentricity of 0.0182.
		Planet 3 has a mass of 0.015 times that of the Earth, is 0.19 AU from its star, an orbital period of 25.34 days, and an orbital eccentricity of 0.0.
	www.public.asu.edu /~sciref/exoplnt.htm (15809 words)

	CNN.com - Astronomers may have image of extrasolar planet - May 10, 2004
		The object is one of three planet candidates found in the new study around white dwarf stars between 30 and 55 light-years away.
		No extrasolar planets have been photographed directly, and many researchers have said the first picture would not likely come until next-generation space observatories are launched.
		The challenge is to spot a planet that by nature is small and dim compared to the overwhelming light of the star it orbits.
	www.cnn.com /2004/TECH/space/05/10/extrasolar.image/index.html (998 words)

	HubbleSite - NewsCenter - Oxygen and Carbon Found in Atmosphere of an Extrasolar Planet (02/02/2004) - Release Text
		The oxygen and carbon are bleeding off the gas-giant extrasolar planet HD 209458b, orbiting a star lying 150 light-years from Earth.
		The planet has been dubbed "Osiris" after the Egyptian god that lost part of his body — like HD 209458b — after having been killed and cut into pieces by his brother to prevent his return to life.
		The planet HD 209458b is the first transiting planet discovered, the first extrasolar planet known to have an atmosphere, the first extrasolar planet observed to have an evaporating hydrogen atmosphere, and now the first extrasolar planet found to have an atmosphere containing oxygen and carbon.
	www.hubblesite.org /newscenter/archive/releases/2004/2004/44/text (327 words)

	Extrasolar planet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		These pulsar planets are believed to have formed from the unusual remnants of the supernova that produced the pulsar, in a second round of planet formation, or else to be the remaining rocky cores of gas giants that survived the supernova and then spiraled into their current orbits.
		The first extrasolar planets found around pulsar PSR 1257+12 were named with capital letters: PSR 1257+12 B and PSR 1257+12 C. When a new, closer-in exoplanet was found around the pulsar, it was named PSR 1257+12 A, not D. Several extrasolar planets have unofficial nicknames, as well.
		In August, a planet orbiting Mu Arae with a mass of approximately 14 times that of the Earth was discovered with the European Southern Observatory's HARPS spectrograph.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Extrasolar_planet (3974 words)

	Extrasolar Planet Talk
		If a planet or planets revolve around a star then the motion of the star will be affected.
		However, it will be of no surprise to note that the planets that were discovered using this technique are large and/or are in tight orbits, because this technique disposes itself to that type of finding.
		For example, the various planets we see in the night sky are a result of the sun's light reflecting from them.
	www.etsu.edu /physics/etsuobs/starprty/planets_dgl/exsoldgl2.html (854 words)

	Exoplanets.org
		reached by five new planets, all orbiting stars within 200 light years...
		The compact size of this planet implies a high concentration of heavy metals.
		A 7.5 Earth-mass planet orbits very close to GJ 876.
	www.exoplanets.org (75 words)

	Extrasolar Visions - 16 Cygni B b
		Changing tidal effects may keep the planet's core more active than most, and auroras may be more pronounced as the planet's magnetic field plows into that of 16 Cygni B. Perhaps the most important question is how did a planet of Jupiter mass form with such an eccentric orbit in the first plance.
		As it's host planet orbited further and further from the warmth of its star, the moon's polar caps would form and grow until the entire globe was ice covered, only to melt again in the spring.
		The planet of 16 Cygni B has an eccentric orbit which takes it as close to its sun as Venus and as far as Mars, passing through the habitable zone allowing liquid water to exist.
	www.extrasolar.net /planet.asp?PlanetID=14 (860 words)

	Stellar Question: Extrasolar planet or failed star?: Science News Online, April 9, 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The standard way of determining the mass of a proposed extrasolar planet is to record the wobble that it induces in the motion of its parent star.
		Relying on a published and tested model of the brightness and temperature of young planets, he calculates that the object is a brown dwarf weighing between 15 and 40 Jupiters.
		Planets coalesce from clouds of dust, gas, and ice that swaddle newborn stars, and the density of such material isn't enough at great distances from the star to form a Jupiter-mass body.
	www.sciencenews.org /articles/20050409/fob3.asp (869 words)

	Curious About Astronomy? Extrasolar Planets
		Most of the planets that have been discovered so far are giant planets, close to their stars.
		The reason that so many of these types of planets have been found is that the method used to discover extrasolar planets is most sensitive to heavy planets close in to the central star.
		Most extrasolar planets cannot yet be directly imaged because they are very small compared to their stars.
	curious.astro.cornell.edu /extrasolarplanets.php (761 words)

	Extrasolar Planet - Slackerpedia Galactica
		Extrasolar Planets (a.k.a exoplanets) are planets that have been discovered outside of our local solar system.
		Doppler Shift: The gravitational attraction between the planet(s) and the parent star causes the parent star to wobble, which can be seen from Earth in its spectrum when it is alternately blue- and red-shifted.
		Extrasolar planet discoveries are a hot topic in astronomy right now.
	www.slackerastronomy.org /slackerpedia/index.php/Extrasolar_Planet (297 words)

	Extrasolar Planet Announcements
		We've essentially seen the shadow of the planet and used it to measure the planet's size." The star HD 209458 is 47 parsecs (153 light years or 1.4 million billion kilometers or 859,000 billion miles) away in the constellation of Pegasus, and is about the same age, color and size as our own Sun.
		The planet orbits the star HD 192263 (HIP 99711), a 7.79 apparent magnitude K2 dwarf in the constellation Aquila (The Eagle).
		The longer the period, the larger the separation between the planet and the parent star, therefore the easier it becomes to distinguish the feeble glow of the planet near the bright glare of the star.
	www.matessa.org /~mike/planet-announce.html (7376 words)

	CNN.com - Astronomers capture photo of extrasolar planet - Apr 1, 2005
		The planet is thought to be one to two times as massive as Jupiter, according to the scientists who imaged it.
		That planet candidate has yet to be confirmed, however, because it's not yet clear whether it is orbiting the star or if it might be an object in the distant background.
		Weighing it precisely would involve noting the gravitational wobble the apparent planet induces on the star, but this object is too far from the star to produce a meaningful wobble.
	www.cnn.com /2005/TECH/space/04/01/extrasolar.planet.photo/index.html (1279 words)

	Hubble's Infrared Eyes Home In On Suspected Extrasolar Planet
		The object is a candidate planet because it is only one-hundredth the brightness of the brown dwarf (at the longer-than-Hubble wavelengths observed with the VLT) and glimmers at barely 1000 degrees Celsius, which is cooler than a light bulb filament.
		Because an extrasolar planet has never been directly imaged before, this remarkable observation required Hubble's unique abilities to do follow-up observations to test and validate if it is indeed a planet.
		The candidate planet and dwarf are in the nearby TW Hydrae association of young stars that are estimated to be no older than 8 million years.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/extrasolar-05b.html (866 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| Hubble confirms nearest known extrasolar planet
		The planet is so close it may be observable by Hubble and large ground-based telescopes in late 2007, when the planet makes its closest approach to Epsilon Eridani during its 6.9-year orbit.
		Hubble also found that the planet's orbit is tilted 30 degrees to our line of sight, which is the same inclination as a disk of dust and gas that also encircles Epsilon Eridani.
		McArthur originally detected the planet in 2000 by measurements that were interpreted as a rhythmic, back-and-forth wobble in Epsilon Eridani caused by the gravitational tug of an unseen planet.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /news/n0610/09hubbleplanet (1419 words)

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