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Topic: Extreme points of Greenland


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In the News (Sat 12 Dec 09)

  
  Glacial Studies in Greenland 1895
In comparing the glaciation of Greenland with that of the mainland of North America, he had to bear in mind that for the most part the continental drift is spread over a vast plain.
At one point the overthrust of the ice reached such a degree as to carry the earthy layers obiquely across the thickness of the glacier, producing a marked unconformity.
At some points there are considerable accumulations of drift within a mile or two of the present ice front, but over much of the area no great moraines, nor any thick mantles of drift, were to be seen.
www.arcticwebsite.com /GlacialStudiesGreenland.html   (1942 words)

  
  Extreme points of the world - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The southernmost point of the world and the southernmost point on land is the geographic South Pole, which is on the continent of Antarctica.
The point farthest from the Earth's centre is the summit of Chimborazo (due to the Earth not being a perfect sphere), at 6384.4 km.
The point closest to the Earth's centre (~6353 km) is probably somewhere at the bottom of the Arctic Ocean (depth ~4 km) near the Geographic North pole (the bottom of the Mariana Trench is 6366.4 km from the centre of the Earth).
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Extreme_points_of_the_world   (733 words)

  
 Amazon.ca: This Cold Heaven: Seven Seasons in Greenland: Books: Gretel Ehrlich   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
Greenland, unlike its name, is 95 percent ice--a landscape of deep rock-walled fjords, glaciers, narwhal whales swimming among icebergs the size of football fields, walruses busting through oceans of shifting ice.
She began her extensive sojourns in Greenland in the aftermath of that profound event, and fell in love with the world of ice and its seasons of ceaseless light and unbroken dark.
West Greenland was colonized by the Danes in 1721 and the entire population was Christianized by zealous Lutherans from Scandinavia.
www.amazon.ca /This-Cold-Heaven-Seasons-Greenland/dp/product-description/0679758526   (2817 words)

  
 Geography of Greenland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Greenland, the largest island in the world, is located between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada and northwest of Iceland.
The northernmost point of Greenland proper is Cape Morris Jesup, discovered by Admiral Robert Peary in 1909.
The Greenland ice sheet is two miles thick and broad enough to blanket an area the size of Mexico.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Geography_of_Greenland   (788 words)

  
 5--Ice Sheets and Glaciers
Greenland and Antarctica both are dominated by large cold ice sheets that rise to high elevations and are among the highest albedo objects on Earth.
Estimates of present mass balance are poorly constrained: the Greenland ice sheet appears relatively stable, the Antarctic ice sheet seems to be growing slowly and the remaining small glaciers and ice caps are wasting away rapidly (Meier, 1993).
Fortunately, by using a third SAR image, an extremely clean separation of the topographic and velocity signals is possible if the velocity and topography are constant over the interval spanned by the three images (Kwok and Fahnestock, in press).
southport.jpl.nasa.gov /nrc/chapter5.html   (5805 words)

  
 PARCS Science Highlights   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
Norse settlers in Greenland encountered the most unstable climate since the end of the Ice Age.
Sediments from Qipisarqo Lake in extreme southern Greenland were found to contain a continuous paleoenvironmental record that encompasses the entire Holocene.
PARCS researcher Gifford Miller points to the transition between Litte Ice Age glacial-lacustrine sediments and the post-Little Ice Age gyttja, dating to the early 1900s.
sunsite.wits.ac.za /paleo/parcs/shone.html   (109 words)

  
 Can 'tipping points' accelerate global warming?
There are more obvious examples of "tipping points" in nature, like the collapse of cod stocks off Newfoundland, Canada, in the early 1990s from overfishing.
And, at some point in the 17th century, hunting of the flightless dodo in Mauritius doomed the birds to extinction.
Experts say Greenland's 3,000 meter (9,800 ft) thick ice sheet, which has been melting at ever higher altitudes in summers in recent years, may be vulnerable to a runaway thaw.
news.mongabay.com /2005/1123-reuters.html   (1066 words)

  
 Saline outflow from the Arctic Ocean
These stations respectively represent the Greenland slope where the Arctic Ocean outflow of highest salinity is found, the region near the base of the slope containing multiple reduced salinity maxima, and the central Greenland Sea in the region of deep winter convection where the deep water is the freshest.
However, the properties of this water are extremely close to those of NSDW defined in Figure 4, suggesting that type classifications, mixing schemes, and water mass conceptualizations need to retain a certain flexibility.
The characteristics of the deep Greenland Sea (GSDW) and of the outflow from the Arctic Ocean of the type 1 salinity maximum (203/1579 m) are respectively derived from samples at 3337 m at station 264 and at 1579 m at station 203.
www.pmel.noaa.gov /pubs/outstand/aaga1235/results.shtml   (2942 words)

  
 [No title]
boulders ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Question 38 (3 points) The sediment that is bounced and dragged along the bottom of the channel is a stream's: 1.
Even though the global average temperature has increased, it could still be possible for Florida to have a record cold winter this year.
The recent increase in extreme weather is proof that global warming is occurring.
www.clas.ufl.edu /users/screaton/01fall/exam3pre.txt   (1447 words)

  
 Al Gore Discusses "An Inconvenient Truth"
I couldn't be happier with the fact that it’s been extremely well reviewed, and I'm happy because it improves the chance for the movie to find its audience and to reach more people in a shorter period of time.
Greenland is the wilder of the two wild cards....
It's undergoing a radical discontinuity, it seems, both with a rapid increase in the [glacial] melt rate and with other developments that are quite concerning.
www.smithsonianmagazine.com /issues/2006/july/interview_gore.php   (693 words)

  
 Climate.org - A Project of the Climate Institute
As has often been pointed out, changes of this magnitude can be achieved by moving a relatively small distance north or south, or even moving 1000 m down a mountainside.
During that interval, weather at various points in the region is correlated both spatially and temporally.
By contrast, when there is memory in the system, as is the case in the atmosphere, the tails of the distribution become thicker and the probability of extreme events rises as correlated events combine to yield larger deviation from the mean.
www.climate.org /pubs/climate_alert/articles/10.4/memoryextreme.shtml   (924 words)

  
 Technology Review: World History on Ice
The Greenland ice sheets are composed of snow that falls to earth carrying compounds from the air, including chemicals, metals, dust, even radioactive fallout.
Greenland's frozen archives contain remarkable remnants of industrial enterprise over the ages.
Other findings indicate that the decline of the Roman Empire was followed by a steady drop in lead pollution: lead concentrations in the ice cores fell during the Middle Ages and did not surpass the Roman levels until the start of the Industrial Revolution.
www.technologyreview.com /InfoTech/wtr_11573,258,p1.html   (1240 words)

  
 Earth Observatory Feature: Time on the Shelf
Crevasses and rapid, extreme shifts in the weather are just some of the hazards Bindschadler faces in his work as a glaciologist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
Should either West Antarctica or Greenland surrender its ice sheet to the ocean, much of the southern half of Florida would be under water.
Should either Greenland or West Antarctica surrender its ice sheet to the ocean, sea level would rise 5 meters and much of Florida would be underwater.
earthobservatory.nasa.gov /Study/TimeShelf   (1754 words)

  
 Greenland
Greenland is the world's largest island with a population of only 56,000, distributed among 17 towns and some 60 settlements, none of which are connected by roads.
Greenland is part of the Kingdom of Denmark, but since the introduction of Home Rule in 1979 Greenland has moved towards relative independence based on parliamentary democracy.
Western Greenland: for experiencing the smallest city in the world; for going on exciting helicopter trips to glaciers; for cross-country skiing in the wild nature; for snowmobiling on impressive mountain-tops; for staying overnight in a hotel made of ice; and for fishing, hiking and hunting.
www.vestnorden.com /Default.aspx?ID=12   (602 words)

  
 Picture gallery
John was in the dinghy and shot Morgan's Cloud through the hole in an arch berg with the boat positioned in front of a glacier.
They have a weekly ferry in the summer from Nanortalik and points west but are cut off in the winter for months at a time.
Dangers such as, but not limited to, extreme weather, cold, ice, lack of help or assistance, and poor charting could injure or kill you and wreck your boat.
www.morganscloud.com /picgall.htm   (742 words)

  
 Planet Extinction - Greenland and the Collapse of the Ice Shields
The Greenland glaciers that cover the island contain enough water to raise sea level twenty feet, or seven meters.
It appears that the Greenland ice is shot through with crevices, tunnels and faults through which the melting upper surface can penetrate right through the glacier, and threaten to break the attachment between the ice and the rock base.
It would seem we are on the verge of a major tipping point in climate change, if we have not already reached it.
www.planetextinction.com /planet_extinction_greenland.htm   (970 words)

  
 Greenland's ice is thinner at the margins - Brief Article Science News - Find Articles
Survey points were typically about 30 kilometers apart.
For example, the extreme southwestern portion of the central ice sheet thickens by some 210 millimeters each year.
Melting Greenland's entire ice sheet, which is more than 4,000 m thick in places and covers almost all the island, would raise sea level about 7 m.
www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1200/is_4_158/ai_64057259   (536 words)

  
 brandchannel.com | Branding Greenland | By Joe Ray
On a shoestring budget, Branding Greenlands strategy seems to rely on a few key points: keep it simple, go slow and drive home what is most unique about the country.
The problem is, Sigur Rós is from Iceland, and while that little country revels in hip Arctic limelight, Greenland (population 57,000) is like the redheaded Viking step-cousin, relatively ignored in a frozen wasteland far away from the rest of the world.
Getting the companies who make up the Branding Greenland project to work together is the first order of business for Louise Lee Leth, who chairs that group's steering committee as part of her work for Greenland's foreign affairs department.
members.tripod.com /joearay2/brandchannel/greenland.htm   (1099 words)

  
 The Telegraph - Calcutta : KnowHOW   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
It was an unscheduled, almost impulsive, detour to plumb one of the deepest points in the Indian ocean.
The fungi might provide insights into the unknown biological tricks that allow microbes to hibernate for long periods of time, serve as a peephole into the climate on earth in the remote past, and also bolster support for the idea that microbes may be found elsewhere in the solar system.
The NIO studies show that the fungi are ancient organisms that were deposited on the seabed and then got entombed under the accumulating sediments.
www.telegraphindia.com /1041206/asp/knowhow/story_4051653.asp   (1679 words)

  
 Char fishing in Greenland   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
Extremely good hiking maps are available on a scale of 1:100,000 covering most areas.
In the southern part of Greenland, potatoes, beets and carrots are grown outdoors, though most vegetables on Greenlandic dinner tables are flown in.
Greenland has the longest geological history in the world, and the country is home to the oldest rocks ever dated - 3,700 million years!
www.greenland.com /Adventures/Outdoor_Life/Angling/Char_Fishing.php   (697 words)

  
 Abrupt Climate Change - Questions and Answers
The most spectacular aspect of the YD is that it ended extremely abruptly (around 11,600 years ago), and although the date cannot be known exactly, it is estimated from the annually-banded Greenland ice-core that the annual-mean temperature increased by as much as 10°C in 10 years.
Consistent with theoretical expectations, the most recent evidence points to a freshening of the northern North Atlantic as a result of greenhouse warming (Dickson et al, 2002), and a weakening of the thermohaline circulation (Hansen et al, 2001).
From the point of view of the ocean, the sudden release of freshwater from a glacial lake is an external forcing, capable of rapidly modifying the surface circulation in the North Atlantic, and the climate of adjacent regions.A volcanic eruption or a massive nuclear war would also fall into this category.
www.ldeo.columbia.edu /res/pi/arch/printer.shtml   (4577 words)

  
 WaterTribe Article about sea kayaking and sailing kayaks   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
He gave me an awe-inspiring lecture on the history and culture of Greenland, namely, the role of the kayak for those people and their land.
At one point he threw his paddle a good 5 meters and swam to it while still in the cockpit.
The Greenland competitors are required to wear a real sealskin tuiliq, foreign competitors may choose something of a different material.
www.watertribe.org /Magazine/2001May/May01Broer.asp   (2631 words)

  
 The Greenland Ice Sheet: What it Reveals about Creation and Noah's flood
What is extremely interesting is that the Greenland Ice Sheet, the Mount Kilimanjaro glacier in Africa, the Huascaran glacier in Peru, and even the undersea sediments of the Gulf of Oman, all have anomalous indicators that correlate to around 4,300 to 4ka years BP.
These have been interpreted as markers suggesting extreme climate changes that are theorized to have precipitated the collapse of many ancient civilizations, the Old Kingdom of Egypt and the Akkadian Empire of Mesopotamia being two examples in published works.
In these papers on historical environmental extremes, there appears to be a recurring pattern of great drought, abandonment of settlements, and delayed reoccupation of the abandoned settlements.
www.kjvbible.org /greenland_ice_sheet.html   (2781 words)

  
 Greenland Patrol
For most of the year Greenland is virtually surrounded by a 20- to 30-mile-wide belt that the Eskimos call the storis, a mass of floating icebergs ranging from a few yards to several city blocks wide.
In the spring and summer the climate of southern Greenland is relatively congenial, with temperatures warming to the 50s as chunks of glacial ice rumble down the fjords on their way out to sea.
Greenland was on the edge of the Battle of the Atlantic, the fight to the death between the German U-boat force and the American shipbuilding industry.
www.uscg.mil /hq/g-cp/history/h_greenld.html   (6929 words)

  
 Global Warming
The contrast between the extreme cold near the poles and the warm moist atmosphere on the equator drives storms and much of the earth's climate.
[141] Based on average and extreme temperatures in the most northern current wine growing regions of France and Germany compared to current temperatures in the former wine growing regions in England, Lamb calculates that the climate in springs and summers were somewhere between 0.9 and 3.4 degrees Fahrenheit warmer in the Middle Ages.
As early as 1250, floating ice from the East Greenland ice cap was hindering navigation between Iceland and Greenland.
www.stanford.edu /~moore/Boon_To_Man.html   (17786 words)

  
 [No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
This cold and arid phase which reached its most extreme point sometime around 21,000-17,000 years ago (18,000-15,000 radiocarbon years ago) is known as the Late Glacial Cold Stage (and is also sometimes called the Upper Pleniglacial).
The point at which the global ice extent was at its greatest, about 21,000 years ago (18,000 14C years ago) is known as the Last Glacial Maximum.
The Greenland and North Atlantic record (Bond and Lotti 1995) suggests that during the last 50,000 years, Heinrich events occurred around 41,000, 35,000, 23,000, 21,000 and 17,000-15,000 'real' years ago, apparently tending to start at the 'low point' of a 1500-year temperature cycle.
www.esd.ornl.gov /projects/qen/nerc130k.html   (2439 words)

  
 Pressure points | Life | Guardian Unlimited
Though it is too early to confirm that it is a definite upward trend, the results came as an unwelcome surprise to climatologists.
The Greenland ice sheet holds about 2.6 million cubic kilometres of fresh water, which is some 6% of the planet's supply.
Such a dramatic rise in sea level would cause flooding that is bound to have a devastating impact on people living on unprotected shorelines around the globe.
www.guardian.co.uk /life/feature/story/0,,1326273,00.html   (2487 words)

  
 Greenlands Glaciers Take a Breather - TierneyLab - Science - New York Times Blog
Greenland was about as warm or warmer in the 1930’s and 40’s, and many of the glaciers were smaller than they are now.
Although this article on abrupt changes in Greenland’s glaciers at first seems to support the notion that those calling for immediate action on global warming are being alarmist, it’s important that the IPPC report used none of the concerns about Greenland glaciers to support its dire findings.
Right-wing or not, he’s stated data that’s available and well-known that points to the fact that Greenland in particular and most of the polar regions in general were warmer at the beginning of this centure AND the glaciers were smaller.
tierneylab.blogs.nytimes.com /2007/02/08/greenlands-glaciers-take-a-breather   (10270 words)

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