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Topic: Extremism

	Extremism and Reverse Extremism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Extremism is a derived word, and it seems that those who use it mean by it a person who stands far off to one side of the center.
		Extremism in an Islamic framework means deviance in understanding Islamic teachings or in applying them, in spite of the fact that some of these extremists might present their arguments from an Islamic standpoint or be motivated by religious feelings.
		Extremism - by which we mean transgressing the bounds of justice as defined by divine revelation and deviating from the natural disposition inherent in the human being - is without doubt a problem of crisis proportions.
	www12.brinkster.com /thanvislam/080808/extremism_and_reverse_extremism.htm (2098 words)

	[No title]
		Ultimately, the core problem that extremism presents in situations of protracted conflict is less the severity of the activities (although violence, trauma, and escalation are obvious concerns) but more so the closed, fixed, and intolerant nature of extremist attitudes, and their subsequent imperviousness to change.
		One, political leaders, capitalizing on adverse conditions, reward extremism (such as offering monetary awards to families or emphasizing benefits to "martyrs" in the afterlife) and legitimize militantism in order to draw attention to their cause and gain power.
		The choice of such strategies is usually determined by the perspective taken on the primary sources of extremism (from individual pathologies to social, political and economic conditions) as well as the level of representation of the larger population's legitimate interests that the extremists are able to secure.
	www.beyondintractability.org /m/dealing_extremists.jsp (6431 words)

	Overstreet, Strange Tactics of Extremism (preface)
		We in America having given extremism, as it were, a constitutional right to exist have been able to afford the active presence of a far Left and a far Right because we have been overwhelmingly a nation of moderates.
		This might be called the reverse side of the coin of hope; for it matches almost point for point the hope of many liberals, through the years, that they could, with respect to certain issues, enter into a united-front effort with Communists without endangering the non-Communist character of their cause or their own organizations.
		One good reason, in fact, for studying the methods of extremism is to remind our liberal or conservative selves that we cannot make common cause with everyone who happens to be on our side of a particular issue.
	www.writing.upenn.edu /~afilreis/50s/bonaro-extremism-intro.html (2734 words)

	Extremism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Extremism is a term used to describe the actions or ideologies of individuals or groups outside the perceived political center of a society; or otherwise claimed to violate common standards of ethics and reciprocity.
		The terms "extremism" or "extremist" are almost always exonymic—i.e.
		Barry Goldwater said, "Extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice; moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue" at the 1964 Republican Convention in a phrase attributed to his speechwriter Karl Hess.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Extremism (908 words)

	Norms in the Global Struggle against Extremism: rooting for normalization vs. rooting out extremism?
		Extremism, whatever its nature, is a form of political activity that overtly or covertly rejects the principles of parliamentary democracy, and very often bases its ideology and its political practices and conduct on intolerance, exclusion, xenophobia, anti-Semitism and ultra-nationalism.
		Extremism is a term used to describe either ideas or actions thought by critics to be hyperbolic and unwarranted.
		In this light extremism inducing might be understood either as associated with the very few with the high order of determination prepared to engage their lives in suicide bombing, for example, in contrast with the very many of such low self-esteem as to be inspired by it -- the "breeding grounds" of terrorism.
	www.laetusinpraesens.org /musings/extreme.php (10858 words)

	Violence... The story so far » Extremism - Road to Peace
		Extremism is the real enemy of our times, and it is the enemy of all peoples.
		Unless extremism presents a clear and evident danger or damage as it did on 9/11 and events on both sides leading up to it, it is described as a harmless eccentricity or aberration.
		Extremism is indeed a common human condition that arises from fears, biases, and attitudes that their owners are hardly aware of.
	www.roadtopeace.org /index.php?itemid=51 (1688 words)

	Extremism in the New Eurasia - BPS at UC Berkeley (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Extremism in the New Eurasia was a project of scholarly research and publication during 2003-2005.
		The rise of extremism on the territory of the former Soviet Union (FSU) since the late 1980s has mirrored and sometimes anticipated the rise of extremism elsewhere in the post-Cold War world.
		The label "extremism" is also applied to those who are prepared to use virtually any means—for example, suicide bombing, assassination, and mass terror—to achieve their goals.
	socrates.berkeley.edu /~bsp/extremism.html (761 words)

	Pew Global Attitudes Project: Summary of Findings: Islamic Extremism: Common Concern for Muslim and Western Publics
		Concerns over Islamic extremism, extensive in the West even before this month's terrorist attacks in London, are shared to a considerable degree by the publics in several predominantly Muslim nations surveyed.
		Overall, the sense that Islamic extremism poses a major national threat is strongest in Morocco, the site of a devastating terrorist attack two years ago, where nearly three-quarters of the public (73%) hold that view.
		Worries about extremism are often greater among those who believe Islam has a significant voice in the political life of their country.
	pewglobal.org /reports/display.php?PageID=809 (2305 words)

	Khaleej Times Online - Extremism at home and abroad: No simplistic solutions
		An ill-advised simplistic approach to extremism is one that views shunning of those groups which mobilise around religion, oppose US policies in their own region and resort to political violence.
		In India the extremism of the Khalistan movement, for which both Indian and Pakistani policies were responsible, was largely tackled through policy changes in Delhi and in Islamabad.
		In the 21st century, extremism could further grow in the powerful mix of hate, alienation, immoral and unaccountable exercise of power, human and material mobility, information explosion, committed ‘crusaders’ of multiple ilks, single unassailable military power, proliferation of deadly weapons and technologies.
	www.khaleejtimes.com /DisplayArticle.asp?xfile=data/opinion/2005/December/opinion_December58.xml§ion=opinion&col= (1147 words)

	National 2 (Spotlight Weekly)
		Although all other parties oppose the extremism and violence launched by the Maoists, these parties are delivering the workers groomed under the shadow of their ideology.
		In rural parts of the country, one kind of extremism is flourishing with gun power whereas in urban areas people are under the influence of those who do not have gun but extreme views and opinions.
		The rural extremism is tearing apart traditional order in society whereas the urban extremism is breaking the rule of law and democratic process.
	www.nepalnews.com.np /contents/englishweekly/spotlight/2003/dec/dec05/national2.htm (620 words)

	Yes there is extremism in Christianity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		My first exposure to extremism was the Jonestown massacre in Guyana in 1978 in which approximately 913 people were led to their Death by their leader Jim Jones.
		Extremism is a dangerous thing and people like this are sick creatures.
		However religous extremism is not isolated to the "religion of the books" but to almost any religion you can think of to very degree's of extremism.
	forums.canadiancontent.net /movies-music-books/45436-yes-there-extremism-christianity.html (2535 words)

	ESR \| August 22, 2005 \| Extremism versus fanaticism
		We are angry about extremism and about what they are doing to our country, angry about their abuse of our good nature.
		At the time, "extremism" was a new term, invented with the insidious purpose of equating the views of "extreme rightists," i.e., those of the advocates of capitalism, with the actions of the Communist Party and the Ku Klux Klan.
		The John Birch society was the only real target on the list of three, and the term, "extremism" was used to equate it with the communists and the klansmen by means of a definition based on non-essentials (such as the degree of a quality rather than the nature of the quality itself).
	www.enterstageright.com /archive/articles/0805/0805exfan.htm (3202 words)

	Causes of Islamic Extremism: Peace Watch: U.S. Institute of Peace
		There is no single cause of the rise of religious extremism in the Muslim world.
		All the speakers agreed that the struggle against extremism will not be won until the countries in which extremists thrive become truly democratic and offer hope of economic improvement.
		Another prime factor in the rise of extremism, Pasha suggested, is the failure of many governments in the Muslim world to address the overwhelming challenges of development arising from rapid social, demographic, and economic changes over the last century.
	www.usip.org /peacewatch/2002/6/extremism.html (1216 words)

	RealClearPolitics - Articles - The Case for Extremism
		The most famous illustration of this is probably Barry Goldwater's perfectly sensible declaration that extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice, and moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue.
		But for a generation of liberals, extremism was something to be found only on the right, never on the left, and Goldwater's observation was taken as code for extremism liberals don't like.
		In short, extremism in pursuit of moderation is not necessarily a virtue.
	www.realclearpolitics.com /articles/2006/05/the_case_for_extremism.html (845 words)

	Boston.com / News / Boston Globe / Opinion / Op-ed / Nurturing extremism
		That was when Al Qaeda and transnational Islamic extremism were considered the major threats to the United States, before the Bush administration decided to invade Iraq, which had no connection to either before liberating nations began to trump the terrorist threat.
		President Bush is not wrong to say that a more democratic Arab world would help against the spread of Islamic extremism, but this is best done through persuasion as a long-term goal, not through counterproductive force.
		And the mixed results, with the main Shi'ite alliance taking only 48 percent of the vote, less than expected, means that compromises will have to be made and that Islam may not prove to be as potent a presence in the new constitution as it might have been.
	www.boston.com /news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2005/02/18/nurturing_extremism (752 words)

	The Best Way Out of Religious Extremism Crisis
		In order to address the phenomenon of extremism the dangers and consequences of which have been well pointed out by the esteemed speakers who spoke before me, we have to study its reasons and motives which are five main ones.
		We dare say that irreligious extremism is the main factor for the birth of religious extremism.
		When it talks about religious extremism in the Middle East, the world media forgets that Zionist extremism exercises the most atrocious violence and persecution towards the Palestinians without losing its position as the spoilt child of the West.
	www.kuftaro.org /english/WOT/The_Best_Way_Out_of_religious_Extremism_Crisis.htm (2295 words)

	Pakistan and Extremism
		Musharraf told the European Parliament’s foreign affairs committee on Tuesday that Pakistan was not the intolerant, extremist country often portrayed by the West, and terrorism and extremism were not inherent in Pakistani society.
		Over the years, the Deobandi brand of Islam has become almost synonymous with religious extremism and fanaticism." It is in the Deobandi madrassas in Pakistan that the Taliban movement has its beginnings.
		While George W Bush keeps his myopic and confused gaze upon Iraq and his Vice President profusely praises Musharraf, the extremism that we are presumably combating continues to thrive in Pakistan.
	www.taylormarsh.com /archives_view.php?id=24515 (1094 words)

	Overview of Islamist Extremism in Europe
		While Islamist extremism is a global phenomenon, we find the nature of the problem in Western Europe to be distinct — both in its character and in its potential to threaten the United States.
		A variety of transnational groups seek to spread extremism across Europe by claiming to be non-violent and moderate, while appealing to the idealism of socially alienated and/or spiritually hungry Muslims in Europe.
		Defeating extremism requires us to work with our allies to connect European Muslims with the cultures of their adopted countries and fend off extremist recruiters.
	www.state.gov /p/eur/rls/rm/64192.htm (5298 words)

	Draft UK FCO/Home Office Report on Young Muslims & Extremism
		In a discussion on terrorism, Ministers focused on the need to encourage moderate Muslim opinion to the detriment of extremism both at home and overseas, and the extent to which a sense of isolation and disaffection within parts of the Muslim community is leading to acts of terrorism.
		Extremism can be a symptom of disaffection, the riots in some northern towns three years ago were another.
		However we will certainly not be effective in tackling the dangers of extremism without gaining the active cooperation of Muslims, immigrant and British, and that gives us added reason for addressing their problems of social exclusion.
	www.globalsecurity.org /security/library/report/2004/muslimext-uk.htm (13109 words)

	ECPR - About Us
		The ECPR Standing Group on Extremism and Democracy was founded in 1999 by Roger Eatwell (Bath University) and Cas Mudde (now University of Antwerp).
		While most contemporary academic studies of extremism still study the phenomenon in isolation of its environment, the Standing Group's name indicates its interest in the political role of extremism, as well as the specifics of the phenomenon itself.
		While political extremism is a world dominated by men, our Standing Group has a sizeable number of female members (136), which corresponds to roughly 20 per cent of the membership.
	webhost.ua.ac.be /extremismanddemocracy (659 words)

	Political Extremism and Rationality - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Contributors use variants of this approach to shed light on subjects such as the conditions under which democratic parties take extremist positions, the relationship between extremism and conformism, the strategies adopted by revolutionary movements, and the reasons why extremism often leads to violence.
		Advance praise for Political Extremism and Rationality 'The existence of extremism seems to contradict the idea that participation to political activities is guided by the rational choices of the individuals.
		Extremism may be explained as a rational reaction of the individuals when they face some circumstances such as a 'social hole' in thrust between groups and some asymmetry in the distribution of political rents.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521804418 (599 words)

	International Affairs: Information on U.S. Agencies' Efforts to Address Islamic Extremism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		U.S. government and other experts have reported that Islamic extremism is on the rise and that the spread of Islamic extremism is the pre-eminent threat facing the United States.
		Some experts on Islamic extremism believe that a significant factor in the rise of Islamic extremism has been the failure of many governments in the Muslim world to address the overwhelming challenges of development arising from rapid social, demographic, and economic changes over the past century.
		Despite the lack of a common definition for Islamic extremism, several agencies are working to counter it by addressing the underlying conditions that facilitate extremism-for example, through programs aimed at humanitarian assistance, educational reform, economic assistance, public diplomacy, and governance, including the promotion of democracy and respect for human rights.
	www.washingtonwatchdog.org /documents/gao/05/GAO-05-852.html (6791 words)

	Russian Lawmakers Approve Controversial Laws on Extremism, Elections - NEWS - MOSNEWS.COM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The legislation deems slander or libel of a government official extremism, but a court would have to rule on whether any statements in question constitute slander for it to be considered extremism.
		Under the amendments, the public justification of terrorism would be considered extremism, and anyone creating or distributing taped, printed or other material deemed extremist would be considered to be involved in extremist activity — a measure critics say could affect any media reporting on extremism.
		The extremism bill passed 338-99 with no abstentions in the 450-seat Duma in the third, final reading and must now be approved by the parliament’s upper house and before it is signed into law by the president.
	www.mosnews.com /news/2006/07/09/extremismlaw.shtml (997 words)

	Extremism
		Literally, extremism means being situated at the farthest possible point from the center.
		In fact it is very important to define accurately such common terms as "reactionism:'" rigidity "'extremism" "bigotry 'etc., so that they may not constitute ambiguous concepts which can be hurled randomly by one group of people against another, or be interpreted differently by various intellectual and social forces whether on the extreme right or left.
		Extremism reaches its utmost limit when a single group deprives all people of the right to safety and protection, and instead sanctions their killing and the confiscation of their lives and property.
	www.youngmuslims.ca /online_library/books/iabrae/chapter_1.htm (8038 words)

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