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Topic: Exudate

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	* Exudate - (Disease): Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		EXUDATE - Fluid that has escaped from the tissues or capillaries, usually after injury or inflammation, typically composed of protein and white blood cells.
		Exudates An exudate--which often is a cloudy fluid, containing cells and much protein--results from disease of the pleura itself.
		The throat is red, and the tonsils are enlarged and often covered with a white exudate ("ooze," in lay language).
	www.bestknows.com /disease/exudate.html (321 words)

	Drainage
		Exudate - This is the by-product of healing that you will start seeing in your wound at about 5 days post-op.
		Exudate is a collection of dead cells and other materials discarded as you body heals itself.
		Exudate can be rinsed out of the wound bed with a hand-held shower sprayer, just flush the entire wound out.
	www.pilonidal.org /aftercare/drainage.htm (490 words)

	Exudate
		The basic concept behind moist wound healing is that the presence of exudate in a wound will provide an environment that stimulates healing.
		Many of the advanced dressings available to you are designed to keep the wound bed moist with exudate.
		There are clinical studies which have shown that wounds kept in a moist environment have lower infection rates than wounds treated with agents that tend to dry the wound bed.
	www.medicaledu.com /exudate.htm (209 words)

	British Journal of Pharmacology - Limited anti-inflammatory efficacy of cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibition in ...
		Exudate volume was only reduced with the highly selective COX-2 inhibitor when a dose far above that necessary for suppression of COX-2 activity was used.
		An aliquot of the exudate was used for quantification of leukocyte concentration using a Coulter counter (model Z1).
		An aliquot of the exudate was applied to glass slides and stained with Wright's stain for characterization of the cellular infiltrate.
	www.nature.com /bjp/journal/v126/n5/full/0702420a.html (3231 words)

	IPLab
		Note the exudate (1) in the meninges and congestion of the vessels (2) in the leptomeninges.
		Inflammatory exudate is present within the vessel and throughout the leptomeninges.
		This is a higher-power photomicrograph of inflammatory exudate in a sulcus.
	peir.path.uab.edu /iplab/messages/598/516.html?1002813445 (539 words)

	[No title]
		If inflammatory exudate actually cytolysed the inflammatory macrophages which were recruited to the site of bacterial infection, the immune system would be defeating it's own purpose.
		Exudate contains immunoglobulins which are used for bacterial opsinization, it delivers bacterial antigens to local lymph nodes to mount an immune response and it can aid in creating a mechanical obstruction to the further spread of bacterial infection.
		And finally, clotting of inflammatory exudate is also a large benefit to the host in that it can mechanically obstruct the further spread of bacteria.
	www.msu.edu /course/psl/431/snapshot.afs/inflamma/INFLAM.03 (2305 words)

	Exudate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Exudate is a clear straw coloured liquid produced by the body in response to tissue damage.
		Later in the healing process the nutrients in the exudate are used by the new tissue to help in the generation of granulation tissue.
		Ideally the wound surface should remain moist, a thin layer of exudate being retained in the wound bed with all the excess being removed by the dressing.
	www.tvhost.co.uk /html/exudate.html (471 words)

	Exudate - Alegent Health serving eastern Nebraska and southwest Iowa
		Exudate is fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of blood vessels into adjoining tissues.
		Exudate may ooze from incisions or sites of infection or inflammation.
		The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition.
	www.alegent.com /12158.cfm (118 words)

	Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin and Danofloxacin in Plasma, Inflammatory Exudate, and Bronchial Secretions of Calves ...
		of enrofloxacin and danofloxacin in inflammatory exudate and bronchial
		The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and danofloxacin in plasma, inflammatory exudate,
		Mean concentrations + SDs of enrofloxacin (or its equivalents) and danofloxacin in plasma (a), exudate (b), and bronchial secretions (c) of calves determined by microbiological assay.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/43/8/1988 (3315 words)

	Directional Guidance of Nicotiana alata Pollen Tubes in Vitro and on the Stigma -- Lush et al. 118 (3): 733 -- PLANT ...
		the exudate on solanaceous stigmas is lipidic and that it is not
		The direction of pollen tube growth was determined by both the position of the germinal aperture and the axis of polarity of the tip (photographed 5 h after establishment of the interface).
		A, The degree of hydration of pollen grains in exudate or mineral oil 3 h after the establishment of the interface with the aqueous medium.
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/118/3/733 (6140 words)

	Diabetic Foot, The: Maceration and its effect on periwound margins - Wound care
		Consideration should be given to the effects of the water content in wound exudate, and to the degree and nature of the inflammatory exudate in acute and chronic wounds (Cutting and White, 2002).
		The risk of maceration is reduced by the properties of the soft silicone dressing which absorbs large amounts of exudate into the dressing whilst maintaining a moist interface at the wound bed.
		The absorbent layer of the dressing has a wicking effect on exudate, drawing the excess exudate from the wound bed through an absorbent layer to a vapour-permeable backing film which allows moisture to evaporate through the back (Thomas, 2003).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0MDQ/is_3_6/ai_108881846 (1327 words)

	Features of fluid exudate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The proteins present include immunoglobulins, which may be important in the destruction of invading micro-organisms, and coagulation factors, including fibrinogen, which result in fibrin deposition on contact with the extravascular tissues.
		Hence, acutely inflamed organ surfaces are commonly covered by fibrin: the fibrinous exudate.
		There is a considerable turnover of the inflammatory exudate it is constantly drained away by local Iymphatic channels to be replaced by new exudate.
	medweb.bham.ac.uk /http/mod/3/1/a/ex_features.html (135 words)

	Use of Skin Substitutes Module -- Burnsurgery.org © Copyright 2000 All Rights Reserved
		A secondary dressing is used with a non-adherent dressing to absorb exudate, and cover the surface to prevent desiccation.
		The properties are usually an inner layer of a collagen and fabrin to chemically bond to the wound followed by an outer synthetic layer which decrease evaporative water loss and is impermeable to bacteria.
		Firm adhesive to the wound is necessary to avoid exudate or fluid buildup.
	www.burnsurgery.org /Betaweb/Modules/skinsubstitutes/sec2.htm (1459 words)

	Pathology Education
		The exudate in bacterial pneumonia is typically composed of varying proportions of:
		The cellular exudate in acute bacterial pneumonia is in the alveolar spaces and distal bronchioles though in severe cases the major airways may also be filled with purulent secretion.
		The filling of airspaces by the exudate leads to a gross appearance of solidification, or consolidation, of the alveolar parenchyma.
	www.pathology.vcu.edu /education/dental2/pneumonia.html (2139 words)

	Influence Of Nitrogen And Potassium Sources On Corn Yield And Xylem Exudate Composition
		Xylem exudate was collected from the hybrids B73xLH51 and LH74xLH123 at the V4, V6, V10 and R3 growth stages (June 13, June 25, July 14, and August 14, respectively).
		Exudate was transferred to 10 mL volumetric flasks and brought to volume.
		The lower concentration of malate in the exudate of EAS plants probably indicates enhanced ammonium assimilation (Haynes, 1990).
	frec.cropsci.uiuc.edu /1991/report21 (2000 words)

	Natural history of diabetic macular streak exudates: evidence from a screening programme -- Cook et al. 83 (5): 563 -- ...
		Natural history of diabetic macular streak exudates: evidence from a screening programme
		exudate and treatment was 28.54 months (range 8-83 (21.82) months).
		because of the presence of macular exudate and oedema.
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/83/5/563 (2119 words)

	Table 1. Optimal preparation of the wound bed
		Very importantly, it should be noted that the elimination of wound exudate is a concept that may be rather obvious but has actually not been properly emphasized.
		However, in addition to its beneficial effect on removal of necrotic and infected tissue, it is possible that extensive debridement of ulcers might remove some of the cells that are no longer responsive to growth factors and no longer able to synthesize the right mix of extracellular matrix materials (11).
		Overall, it is unlikely that direct ways to control exudate (i.e., absorptive dressings) will be effective used alone when the underlying cause of the exudate has not been addressed.
	www.bu.edu /woundbiotech/woundcare/Woundbedpr.html (2751 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Root Exudate of Pmi Tomato Mutant M161 Reduces Am Fungal Proliferation in Vitro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Aseptic whole exudates from the M161 mutant retarded the proliferation of Glomus intraradices in vitro.
		When the whole exudate was further fractionated on a C18 SEPAK cartridge, the 50/70% methanol fraction showed an activity against hyphal tip growth of Gigaspora gigantea and G. intraradices.
		Preliminary characterization of the exudate suggests that the inhibitory moietie(s) are heat labile, bind to PVPP (poly vinyl polypyrrolidone), and are not volatile.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=140352&pf=1 (347 words)

	University of Miami School of Medicine - Glossary - Exudate
		Exudate: A fluid rich in protein and cellular elements that oozes out of blood vessels due to inflammation and is deposited in nearby tissues.
		The altered permeability of blood vessels permits the passage of large molecules and solid matter through their walls.
		The vessels seem to weep, to sweat, in keeping with the Latin "exsudare", to sweat out, from which exudate is derived.
	www.med.miami.edu /glossary/art.asp?articlekey=9900 (139 words)

	CHEST: Pleural effusion prediction failures - editorial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Correctly categorizing pleural fluid of uncertain etiology as an exudate increases clinical diligence to seek the cause of the effusion from a concerning list of inflammatory and malignant conditions.
		Although the change in classification of the fluid by clinical status did not influence the overall accuracy, the changes made by the clinicians demonstrate how difficult it can be to determine the etiology of many effusions based alone on clinical data.
		Determining if pleural fluid is an exudate or transudate is also made difficult when: (1) an assumption of etiologic dichotomy is made for the effusion analysis, (2) the fluid analyses are at the dichotomous cut-points between exudate and transudate, and (3) the clinician has no clear etiology for the effusion.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_5_122/ai_94930886 (1088 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Survival of Listeria Monocytogenes Strain H7762 and Resistance to Simulated Gastric Fluid ...
		Over a 25-day period of exudate exposure, the cells were generally more resistant to SGF; however, exudate-exposed L. monocytogenes cells were generally more resistant to SGF than controls (BHI-exposed cells), possibly due to bacterial adaptations induced in response to exudate.
		These analyses indicated that L. monocytogenes exposed to exudate at 4C had a broader distribution of resistance to SGF compared to cells exposed to BHI at 4C.
		The mean time of death resulting from SGF treatment was higher after exposure to exudate, indicating that cells exposed to exudate were more resistant to killing by SGF.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=128219&pf=1 (593 words)

	Infection Stage-Dependent Modulation of Macrophage Activation in Trypanosoma congolense-Resistant and -Susceptible Mice ...
		In parallel, arginase activity was quantified in peritoneal exudate cell lysates (c), and expression levels of the ß-actin, FIZZ1, and YM genes was analyzed in noninfected (N) and infected (I) adherent peritoneal exudate cells (d).
		In parallel, arginase activity was quantified in lysates from peritoneal exudate cells (c).
		Finally, expression levels of the ß-actin, FIZZ1, and YM genes were analyzed in adherent peritoneal exudate cells from the noninfected (N) and infected (I) animals (d).
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/70/11/6180 (4898 words)

	Plant Exudate Utilization by Soil Microbes Under Elevated CO2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Characterization and microbial utilisation of exudate material from the rhizosphere of Lolium perenne grown under CO enrichment.
		The authors grew ryegrass in sand and soil microcosms placed within controlled environmental chambers that received 450 or 720 ppm atmospheric CO for 21 days to determine if elevated CO affects the quantity or quality of exuded compounds from plant roots.
		Consequently, the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO may well enhance plant biodiversity, as plant diversity is tightly linked to microorganism diversity in the soil.
	home.wlu.edu /~berhalters/bio182/googleresult3.html (320 words)

	Use of a Promoter Trap To Identify Bacillus cereus Genes Regulated by Tomato Seed Exudate and a Rhizosphere Resident, ...
		The fluorescence intensity (GFP expression) increases in the presence of exudate.
		The exudate did not affect the fluorescence intensity of the cell population.
		GFP expression increased in the presence of exudate from RIL
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/69/2/1197 (6078 words)

	Wound Care Products
		Application of hydrogels is contraindicated when the wound is producing moderate to heavy exudate because if the wound is very wet, the presence of the hydrogel would contribute to wound maceration.
		The alginate dressings are considered to be primary dressings for wounds that have moderate to heavy exudate and transudate.
		In wounds that are producing heavy exudate, they will need to be changed more often and may become so wet as to lessen the effectiveness of the adhesive causing them to easily be rolled off the area of application with very little shear or frictional force.
	jan.ucc.nau.edu /~daa/woundproducts/products.html (2398 words)

	A Monoclonal Antibody That Recognizes Mammalian Cortical Granules and a32-Kilodalton Protein in Mouse Eggs -- Gross et ...
		Exudates were collected from a total of ~1000 eggs and pooled.
		A) Biotinylated exudate (lane 2) and mock exudate (lane 1) from 60 eggs each were separated on a 12.5% acrylamide minigel.
		The mock exudate collected from eggs that were cultured without exposure to ionomycin contains trace amounts of CG materials, possibly due to a low level of spontaneous CG release.
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/63/2/575 (5010 words)

	1.2.1 Fluid exudate
		In the interstitial area, high-molecular proteins may be split into smaller fragments that participate in the raising of osmotic pressure of interstitial fluid.
		In the fluid exudate, all components of plasma, including fibrinogen, kinins, complement, immunoglobulins etc., are present.
		Actually, the pain is observed before the occurrence of greater edema, since also other factors such as the acidic pH of exudate, the accumulation of potassium ions and the presence of bradykinin, serotonin or other mediators take part in this process.
	nic.sav.sk /logos/books/scientific/node10.html (625 words)

	Non-wood forest products for rural income and sustainable forestry - EXUDATE GUMS 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Chemical analysis and quality assessment has been carried out on gum exudates from a large number of Acacia species (as well as gum arabic-like exudates from other genera), but relatively little detailed information is available on the intra-specific variation of A.
		Tragacanth gum is the dried exudate produced by tapping the tap root and branches of certain shrubby species of Astragalus, particularly those which occur wild in Iran and Turkey.
		Unlike exudate gums obtained from the trunks of trees, where warm sunlight shining on the tree increases gum flow, most exudation of tragacanth occurs at night, under conditions which minimise drying out of the gum and maintain the outward flow under high osmotic pressure.
	www.fao.org /docrep/v9236e/V9236e05.htm (9140 words)

	CHARACTERIZATION OF FRUIT EXUDATE ON THE CHILLING INJURY OF CUCUMBER FRUITS
		Cucumbers were cut transversely and exudates were collected on filter paper.
		Fresh and dry exudates ranged from 92 to 164 and 3.4 to 11 mg, respectively.
		The percent solids of exudates appears to correlate with pitting.
	www.actahort.org /books/343/343_68.htm (145 words)

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