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Topic: Eye movement


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In the News (Wed 30 Dec 09)

  
 Eye movement detector - Patent 4836670
The eye movement detector of claim 2, wherein said illuminator also causes a glint reflection from the cornea of the eye with said computer determining the gaze point by the displacement between the location of said glint and location of said center of the pupil relative to one another.
The eye movement detector of claim 4, wherein said infrared light emitting semiconductor is a gallium arsenide diode emitting light of a wavelength in the approximate range of 900 nanometers.
The eye movement detector system is designed to permit activation of selected tasks from a display which functions as a computer control interface with the selection being made by eye gaze directed at a set of display driven menus in the form of icons, illustrations or boxes of written information.
www.freepatentsonline.com /4836670.html   (12870 words)

  
 Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
These authors claimed, therefore, that the eye movements per se were not the medium of change in the EMDR process, and that it was the imaginary exposure to the feared stimuli that was responsible for any improvements.
A standardized number of eye movement sets (9) and duration of eye movements (15 seconds) were utilized, and this does not readily equate with the necessary and usual tailoring of procedures to individuals during the delivery of therapy.
In 1989 Shapiro claimed that eye movements were the necessary (although not sufficient) ingredient of the procedure, and it was not until 1994 that this claim was adequately investigated and 1998 that a general consensus appeared to be reached.
www.srmhp.org /0102/eye-movement.html   (16263 words)

  
 Eye Movement - Picture - MSN Encarta
Eye movement is controlled by six muscles that are directly attached to the eyeball.
The four rectus muscles form a relatively straight line from their points of origin, while the two oblique muscles approach the surface of the eye at an angle.
All the muscles combine to keep the eyeball in nearly constant motion in order to maximize human vision, which is capable of focusing on about 100,000 distinct points in the visual field.
encarta.msn.com /media_461546400/Eye_Movement.html   (92 words)

  
 MedFriendly.com: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (also known as EMDR) is a technique used in psychotherapy that is most often used to decrease anxiety, often in people who suffered from a previous trauma (such as sexual abuse, physical abuse, or war combat).
Saccadic eye movements are extremely fast, small, jerky voluntary movements of the eye that redirect the line of sight, allowing them to fix on a still object as the head turns or the person moves.
Saccadic eye movements are common during reading and when a person tracks an object that is moved back in forth in front of the eyes.
www.medfriendly.com /eyemovementdesensitization.html   (1510 words)

  
 Eye Movement
Eye Tracker No. 2: The eye movement tracker, which is about to be installed at the Hebrew University, is known as a "double-Purkinje-image (DPI) eye tracking system" designed by Crane and Steele (1978) and manufactured by Fourward Technologies, Inc. of Los Angeles, CA.
This eyetracker illuminates the eye with a collimated beam of 0.93 um infra-red light and employs a complex combination of lenses and servo-controlled mirrors to continuously locate the positions of the first and fourth Purkinje images.
Following subtraction of the nasal from the temporal signals, the eye position signal and its carrier are initially passed through a narrow second-order filter tuned to 2.5kHz.
www.haskins.yale.edu /misc/eyemovement.html   (813 words)

  
 Wills Eye Health System - Eye Movement Disorders - Excellence in Eye Care
Eye muscle surgery consists of weakening or strengthening one or more of these muscles in one or both eyes, depending on the type of strabismus.
When a child is born with normal eyes, he or she has the potential for good vision in both eyes, but must learn to see with each of them.
Depending on their specific condition, children with eye movement disorders may be treated with eyeglasses, special eye muscle strengthening therapies, or surgery.
willseye.org /patients/topics/eyemovement   (1657 words)

  
 ScienceDaily: Researchers Resolve 40-year Eye Movement, Visibility Controversy
There are three types of fixational eye movements: microsaccades, which are fast movements that travel in a straight line; drifts, which are slow curvy motions that occur between microsaccades; and tremors, which are very fast, extremely small oscillations of the eye superimposed on drifts.
Her lab established the vital role of microsaccades in vision by measuring fixational eye movements in subjects whose gaze was concentrated on one object.
Rapid eye movement -- Rapid eye movement (REM) is the stage of sleep characterized by rapid saccadic movements of the eyes.
www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2006/01/060118210347.htm   (1656 words)

  
 Reading Online - Research: Eye-Movement Research
In addition to demonstrating that the eye regresses a small percentage of the time, Huey's study showed that the first fixation in a line is frequently not at the first word but at the second or even third; likewise, the final fixation is usually not at the last word.
The conclusions to be drawn from this experiment are, first, that local eye movement parameters (saccade size, regression probability, number of fixations, and perhaps fixation duration), are controlled sufficiently rapidly to be influenced from moment to moment by information concerning the lexical category of a word in peripheral vision....
The eye movements of eighteen adult participants were recorded as they read a range of sentences, from highly constrained to relatively unconstrained, with word length and frequency controlled.
www.readingonline.org /research/eyemove.html   (3993 words)

  
 Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)
EMDR is a therapeutic technique in which the patient moves his or her eyes back and forth, hither and thither, while concentrating on "the problem." The therapist waves a stick or light in front of the patient and the patient is supposed to follow the moving stick or light with his or her eyes.
Evidence for the effectiveness of EMDR's eye movement component is not much stronger than the theoretical explanations for how EMDR allegedly "works." The evidence has the virtue of being consistent, unlike the theoretical explanations, but it is mainly anecdotal and very vague.
Davidson, P.R., and Parker, K.C.H. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): A meta-analysis.
skepdic.com /emdr.html   (2287 words)

  
 Eye Movements
The first job of an eye movement system is to move the eye quickly from the current point of gaze to a new location.
These rapid eye movements are accomplished by a set of six muscles attached to the outside of each eye.
Vergence eye movements counter-rotate the eyes to maintain the images of an object at a given depth to be maintained at corresponding locations on the two retinae.
www.cis.rit.edu /vpl/eye_movements.html   (625 words)

  
 Eye Movement Recording Devices
Eye movement recording devices are an essential component to an ENG lab.
The scleral magnetic eye coil, invented by David Robinson, is a wonderful technology if your subjects are willing to let you put a contact lens on their eye with a little wire coming out of it.
Because video eye movement tracking is much easier to use and rapidly improving, we expect that scleral eye coil recordings will be gone in another decade or so, except for use in animals.
www.dizziness-and-balance.com /practice/eyemove.html   (1292 words)

  
 Rapid eye movement - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is the stage of sleep characterized by rapid movements of the eyes.
This causes REM atonia, a state in which the motor neurons are not stimulated and thus the body's muscles don't move.
The eye movements associated with REM are generated by the pontine nucleus with projections to the superior colliculus and are associated with PGO (pons, geniculate, occipital) waves.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rapid_eye_movement   (902 words)

  
 MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Eye movements - uncontrollable
Uncontrollable eye movements are involuntary, rapid, and repetitive movement of the eyes.
The involuntary eye movements of nystagmus are caused by abnormal function in the areas of the brain that control eye movements.
Because control of eye movements is affected by input from the labyrinth (the part of the inner ear that senses movement and position), inner ear disorders such as Meniere's disease can also lead to acquired nystagmus.
www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003037.htm   (685 words)

  
 Eye movement - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Eye movements are the voluntary or involuntary movements of the eyes, helping in acquiring, fixating and tracking different visual stimuli.
Eyes are the visual organs that have the retina, a specialized type of brain tissue containing photoreceptors and interneurons.
Patients with eye movement disorders may report diplopia, nystagmus, poor visual acuity or cosmetic blemish from squint of the eyes.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eye_movement   (866 words)

  
 Eye Conditions > Cranial Nerve Palsy -- EyeMDLink.com
The diagnosis is confirmed by evaluating the patient's eye movements in all fields of gaze.
The affected eye will be unable to abduct (turn outwards beyond the midline).  In adults with diabetes or high blood pressure and the sixth nerve palsy is the only other abnormal finding, a CT scan is usually not necessary.
Because of the severe limitations of eye movement, prisms applied to the glasses may not be helpful in restoring single vision.
www.eyemdlink.com /Condition.asp?ConditionID=149   (934 words)

  
 Patient: Primary Brochure
When an eye is removed, an orbital implant is used to replace the area in the orbit (bony cavity) that was occupied by the eye.
An artificial eye is used to restore the natural appearance of the eye and surrounding tissues, and is the visible part of the surgical changes to the socket (Fig.
You may be a candidate for this procedure if you must have an eye removed (enucleation) or the contents of an eye removed (evisceration), or if you have previously had one of these procedures and are not satisfied with your first-generation implant (secondary implantation).
www.ioi.com /patient/primary.html   (1171 words)

  
 Richmond Eye Associates, Eye Movement and Strabismus
There are six extraocular muscles controlling eye movement: the four rectus muscles (medial, lateral, superior, inferior), and two oblique muscles (superior and inferior).
This demonstrates a left hypertropia (usually the problem is named in relation to the hypertropic eye rather than the hypotropic one.) Note that when the cover is shifted onto the right eye that the left eye rotates downward, and when it is shifted on the left eye that the right shifts upward.
With the left eye fixating, the right eye is initially abducted and rotated downward (due to unopposed action of the lateral rectus and superior oblique muscles).
www.richmondeye.com /eyemotil.asp   (985 words)

  
 eMedicine - Extraocular Muscles, Actions : Article Excerpt by: Robert H Graham, MD   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
Movement of the eye nasally is adduction; temporal movement is abduction.
A muscle in the same eye that moves the eye in the same direction as the agonist is known as the synergist, while a muscle in the same eye that moves the eye in the opposite direction of the agonist is the antagonist.
As opposed to versions (in which both eyes move in the same direction), vergences are movements of the eyes in opposite directions.
www.emedicine.com /oph/byname/extraocular-muscles-actions.htm   (711 words)

  
 Making Maps Easy to Read: Eye Movements   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
This part of the research project employed eye movement recording as a way of investigating map reading behaviour.
Eye movement recording is a useful technique for studying map reading behaviour but its application is much more limited than is generally realised.
Eye movement apparatus tells us, to a limited accuracy, the position on the map which is being fixated.
richardphillips.org.uk /maps/eye.html   (551 words)

  
 EMDR for Trauma: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing | APA Videos
EMDR for Trauma: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a complex treatment approach that combines salient elements of the major therapeutic schools (e.g., cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, physiological, and interactional).
Although the eye movement stimulation (and other forms of dual stimulation used in the approach) have garnered the most attention professionally and publicly, EMDR actually involves a much broader spectrum of interventions, which are organized into eight phases of therapy.
www.apa.org /videos/4310440.html   (639 words)

  
 Eye's structure, muscles engineered to help brain manage eye movement
The latter group theorized that the "motor plant" of the eye — which includes the eye, the orbit or eye socket and the muscles that pull on it — could handle some aspects of these tasks without input from the brain.
In the first, the primates tracked a moving target by moving only their eyes; in the second, the bodies or heads of the primates were rotated while their eyes remained fixed on the target, invoking VOR.
But in the first test, oculomotor nerves did not significantly change their firing patterns as the primates tracked the target by moving their eyes, suggesting some of the guidance for the eye's movements was coming from the eye itself and its surrounding tissues.
mednews.wustl.edu /news/page/normal/6065.html   (703 words)

  
 REM (Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep
Initially, Aserinsky was intent on studying slow, rolling eye movements in infants while they slept in the hope he could uncover a relationship between eye activity and sleep depth.
The eye movement bursts seemed to be associated with a lack of body movement.
In order to investigate the possibility that these periods of rapid eye movement sleep were in fact related to dream, Aserinsky and Kleitman, and later Bill Dement awakened subjects in the midst of the REM periods.
library.thinkquest.org /C005545/english/sleep/REM.htm   (386 words)

  
 Eyetools Eyetracking Research
The key location on Google for visibility as determined by the eye activity in the study is a triangle that extends from the top of the results over to the top of the first result, then down to a point on the left side at the bottom of the "above the fold" visible results.
At the top of the page, the amount of eye movement declined rapidly through the top 4 or 5 results, and then at the bottom of the screen, tends to become more consistent through to the end of the page.
There seems to be a "F" shaped scan pattern, where the eye tends to travel vertically along the far left side of the results looking for visual cues (relevant words, brands, etc) and then scanning to the right if something caught the participant's attention.
www.eyetools.com /inpage/research_google_eyetracking_heatmap.htm   (859 words)

  
 Eye Movement and Lying - How to detect lies
If you asked someone to "Try and create the highest the sound of the pitch possible in your head", this would be the direction their eyes moved in while thinking about the question as they "Auditorily Constructed" this this sound that they have never heard of.
Make up a list of questions that like the sample ones, and give them to your friends/family anyone who would be your guinea pig, observe their eye movements and record the results.
There is a definite correlation between eye movement and brain function.
www.blifaloo.com /info/lies_eyes.php   (1065 words)

  
 Eye Movement and Desensitization Reprocessing
After the set of eye movements the client is told to take a deep breath, and then is asked what material was elicited in the process.
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder.
A single session, controlled group study of flooding and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in treating posttraumatic stress disorder among Vietnam war veterans: Preliminary data.
www.fsu.edu /~trauma/a1v5i4.htm   (5434 words)

  
 Implants for Artificial Eyes~Kolberg Ocularist~Custom Made Artificial Eyes and Flush Fitting Scleral Shells
The artificial eye fits over this buried implant and is not sutured into the socket in any way, but is held in place by the eyelids.
This allows your artificial eye to be remove for cleaning as needed, and in some cases depending on the implant use, the motion of the implant will transfer movement to the artificial eye.
However, unless the artificial eye is directly attached to the implant, by way of a motility support peg fit by the ocularist, it generally will not move as well as the normal companion eye.
www.artificialeye.net /implant.htm   (709 words)

  
 Rapid Eye Therapy - Eye Movement for Stress Relief and Empowerment
Rapid Eye Therapy (RET) is one of the most innovative and effective mind change tools available today.
Neurologically RET replicates the deep processing, ordering and discharging that we do naturally each night during the REM (rapid eye movement) stage of dreaming.
   By using blinking, breathing, eye movement, and sound waves techniques REM sleep is simulated (Rapid Eye Movement) in a wide awake state.
www.enlightenedself.com /rapid_eye_therapy.htm   (838 words)

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