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Eyewitness Identification Procedures: Good Practice Recommendations These include the behavior of eyewitnesses under the removal-without-replacement procedure, the effects of warnings that the actual culprit might not be in the lineup, the effects of manipulations to relative similarity, patterns of eyewitness responses using the dual lineup procedure, and the performance of eyewitnesses using the sequential presentation procedure. Warning eyewitnesses that the actual culprit might not be in the lineup or photospread is thereby essential to prevent the eyewitnesses from assuming that the police have the actual culprit and that their task merely is to find the suspect among the members of the lineup or photospread. The psychological processes involved in eyewitness identifications from lineups and photospreads, especially the relative judgment process, require that eyewitnesses be warned that the actual culprit might not be in the lineup and that all members of the lineup fit the verbal description that the eyewitness had given of the perpetrator. web.jjay.cuny.edu /~spenrod/papers/whiteeye.html   (18233 words)

Eyewitness Identification In cases in which eyewitness testimony is used, more often than not, an expert will not be allowed to testify to the faults of eyewitness identification. Although these two cases are dramatic (but true) examples of the mistaken eyewitness identifications that are recorded in the annals of criminal law, they surely indicate that eyewitness identification is a serious and historical problem. Even with the obscene number of documented wrongful convictions that were based on the testimony of mistaken eyewitness, as well as a number of studies that frankly identify the unreliability of eyewitness identifications -- eyewitnesses identification seems to have found a warm, cozy long-lasting place of residence in our courtrooms. www.justicedenied.org /eyewitness.htm   (841 words)

Eyewitness News - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Eyewitness News is a local television newscast format, widely used in different markets across the United States. The reporter would be the "eyewitness" to the anchor in the studio and the viewer at home. Eyewitness News is also the name of a syndicated news music package, composed by Frank Gari of Gari Communications. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eyewitness_News   (1148 words)

Eyewitness Testimony Effective cross-examination on the issue of eyewitness identification is founded on an understanding of the variable that contribute to inaccurate identification, i.e., the factors that influence both the perception of an event at the time it occurred and the subsequent recall of that perception. This insight could be used by the defender in planning summation on eyewitness identification in cases where the witness was unable to give authorities a full description of the perpetrator and this is brought out by the defender during cross of the witnesses. One possible avenue to showing  the weakness of eyewitness identification would be to present expert forensic testimony to enlighten the jurors on the vagaries of eyewitness testimony and/or to evaluate the reliability of the identification in the particular case. www.criminaldefense.homestead.com /eyewitnessmisidentification.html   (8212 words)

Eyewitness Readings NOTE Jurors overbelieve eyewitnesses, have difficulty reliably differentiating accurate from inaccurate eyewitnesses, and are not adequately sensitive to aspects of witnessing and identification conditions. Eyewitness identification confidence was highly malleable after the identification had been made despite the fact that physical resemblance between the culprit and person identified had not changed. Although eyewitness identifications are among the most common forms of evidence presented in criminal trials, both archival studies and psychological research suggest that eyewitnesses are frequently mistaken in their identifications (B. Cutler and S. Penrod, 1995). web.jjay.cuny.edu /~spenrod/papers/Eyewitnesses/studies.htm   (11228 words)

FRONTLINE: How can eyewitness indentification go wrong? The danger of eyewitness testimony is clear: Anyone in the world can be convicted of a crime he or she did not commit, or deprived of an award that is due, based solely on the evidence of a witness who convinces a jury that his memory about what he saw is correct. Sixty eyewitnesses were interviewed, and two eyewitnesses who had actually seen the airplane just before the impact testified at a hearing to investigate the accident. I testify in cases where eyewitness identification is the sole or primary evidence against the defendant, including death penalty cases, where the consequences of a mistaken identification are potentially irreversible. www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/dna/photos/eye/text_06.html   (4577 words)

BLT Research -- Poland 2000 Eyewitness Report Jerzy Szpulecki, eyewitness to crop circle being formed in wheat field on the night of July 21/22, 2000 in Wylatowo, Poland. To our knowledge this is the only report of its type in the crop circle literature, the only time in which the landing of such a complex visual object has resulted in a crop circle which appears to replicate, in the laid crop, the observed geometic aspects of the object itself. It is also the first eyewitness account of a crop circle forming in Wylatowo, although in 1973 a flattened circle was reported in the village of Zabno, about 5 km away, which was created by a "metallic, disc-shaped object" descending into a rye field there. www.bltresearch.com /eyewitness2.html   (3266 words)

Eyewitness Identification   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21) Eyewitness identification is one of the most potent and effective tools available to police and prosecutors. Mistaken eyewitness identification is the major reason innocent people have been sent to prison in Virginia, a two-year study of 11 wrongful convictions concludes. Faulty eyewitness identification and coerced confessions are two of the leading factors in the conviction of innocent people for crimes they did not committ. www.truthinjustice.org /witness.htm   (3175 words)

Amazon.com: Eyewitness Travel Guide to Paris (revised): Books: Alan Tillier   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21) Dorling Kindersley's Eyewitness city guides bill themselves as "the guides that show you what others only tell you" and indeed, spectacular illustrations are one of their strongest points. Eyewitness Paris is typical of the series: a brief history of the city is followed by "Paris at a Glance" featuring the best museums, churches and parks; "Paris Through the Year," a description of the seasons; and "A River View of Paris" which takes the reader on a tour along the Seine. The Eyewitness travel guides are a step ahead of any other series of travel books because it not only includes the same information that the other have, but they also include additional information that is really great to know and have while abroad. www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1564581853?v=glance   (1835 words)

R.S. Malpass ...eyewitness expert...eyewitness testimony Eyewitness Research Is Stimulated By Interactions Of Researchers With The Criminal Justice System. Eyewitness description enhancement techniques: Assessment of Guided Memory and Structured Interview techniques with varied time delays between event and interview. Eyewitness identification: Lineup instructions and the absence of the offender. eyewitness.utep.edu /Malpass.html   (7705 words)

Eyewitness Identification Laboratory: Lab Members His master’s thesis studied eyewitness identification rates in showups in relation to whether or not the suspect was presented by a police officer. Her research specialization within legal psychology is eyewitness testimony, involving the study of various topics including theoretical aspects of face recall and recognition, perceptions of eyewitness credibility, and the use of various investigative procedures by law enforcement such as facial composite systems and eyewitness lineups. Her MA thesis was on the effects of arousal on eyewitness identification by victims and observers. eyewitness.utep.edu /members.html   (3157 words)

FindLaw's Writ - Dorf: How Reliable Is Eyewitness Testimony? When an eyewitness for the prosecution testifies that she recognizes the defendant as the perpetrator of a crime, the defense attorney can cross-examine her by inquiring about the lighting, the duration of the encounter, the stress she experienced, and all manner of other factors that might undermine the reliability of the identification. However, jurors typically believe an eyewitness who sticks to his or her story despite cross-examination, in no small part because most jurors are not aware of the studies tending to cast doubt on such testimony. If eyewitness testimony is a relatively small part of the government's case, it may waste everyone's time to hear extensive expert testimony on the reliability of eyewitnesses. writ.news.findlaw.com /dorf/20010516.html   (1347 words)

Eyewitness Evidence - NYS Defenders Assoc - Public Defense Backup (for Public Defenders) Eyewitness expert for the defense can testify at trial without Frye hearing according to a Manhattan Supreme Court judge. This is a training guide for teaching law enforcement officers procedures for conducting interviews and developing evidence in cases involving eyewitness identification. Eyewitness Evidence: A Guide for Law Enforcement (NIJ 1999) is intended to provide local law enforcement with recommendations for improving the accuracy and fairness of identification proceedings, including the use of sequential lineups. www.nysda.org /Hot_Topics/Eyewitness_Evidence/eyewitness_evidence.html   (942 words)

The Eyewitness Consortium Home Page   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21) Early in 1998, at the request of Attorney General Janet Reno, a panel was formed in the National Institute of Justice to study ways to improve the accuracy of eyewitness identification, and to develop national guidelines for the collection of eyewitness evidence. The Eyewitness Consortium is a project of the six eyewitness researchers who participated in the NIJ project. The Eyewitness Consortium is devoted to education, research and training concerning the scientific fundamentals that underlie eyewitness identification and its proper administration in law enforcement. eyewitnessconsortium.utep.edu   (353 words)

((i)) ch.indymedia.org/it | Personal account from the Usine ((i)) Then this eyewitness was beaten on his arm and fell, and a woman fell on top of him. This eyewitness was standing in front of the side door on Rue du Stand and a police man who was on the staircase smashed a window for no reason. One strange thing was that one of the police officers who was leading the troops had a rainbow-colored badge that said "Pace." He was not very aggressive. switzerland.indymedia.org /it/2003/06/10312.shtml   (603 words)

Harvard University Press: Eyewitness Testimony Although psychologists have suspected for decades that an eyewitness can be highly unreliable, new evidence leaves no doubt that juries vastly overestimate the credibility of eyewitness accounts. Beginning with the basics of eyewitness fallibility, such as poor viewing conditions, brief exposure, and stress, Loftus moves to more subtle factors, such as expectations, biases, and personal stereotypes, all of which can intervene to create erroneous reports. Eyewitness Testimony is a powerful book that should be required reading for trial lawyers, social psychologists, and anyone who considers the chilling prospect of confronting an eyewitness accusation in a court of law. www.hup.harvard.edu /catalog/LOFEYE.html   (260 words)

Amazon.com: Eyewitness Travel Guide to France: Books: Rosemary Bailey,John Ardagh   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21) Eyewitness, by contrast, gives the address, phone no and opening times of the museum (might or might not be helpful, depending on accuracy!) as well as its main attractions, as well as some brief info about Chartres. Eyewitness also includes great information about aspects of French culture and history, listings on where to stay and eat. Eyewitness guides are arranged by area and include some theme tours (wine,cheese,troglodyte, etc)This and the beautiful pictures make planning a joy. www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1564586464?v=glance   (2185 words)

Robert Wm. Shomer Ph.D. Forensic Expert Over the last twenty-five years, Dr. Shomer has testified as an expert witness in eyewitness identification in over 250 trials in numerous states. Dr. Shomer has years of experience in the fields of observation, memory, stress, facial recall, cross-racial identification, and suggestibility as a member of the faculty of Harvard University, the Claremont Colleges, and UCLA. He is conversant with the scientific literature on the psychology of eyewitness identification, has done experimental research on the subject himself, and has published articles on that research. www.eyewitnessid.com   (294 words)

Eyewitness - CBS News Eyewitness testimony can be a decisive factor in a courtroom, but what a witness sees - or more precisely, remembers seeing - is not always what really happened. In "Eyewitness," CBS News 48 Hours examines how faded memories can jam the wheels of justice, convicting the innocent and allowing the guilty to go free. Eyewitness Authority: An expert on eyewitness testimony takes a look at courtroom myths and misconceptions. www.cbsnews.com /stories/1998/07/08/48hours/main13592.shtml   (415 words)

Eyewitness Identification Laboratory The Eyewitness Laboratory in the Psychology Department at the University Northern Iowa focuses on research in eyewitness memory and identification, and many aspects of face recognition. Follow links to other important sources of information in eyewitness identification research, education and training, as well as related criminal justice and psychology sites. The Eyewitness Laboratory is associated with UNI's Department of Psychology. www.uni.edu /psych/eyewitness.html   (262 words)

Eyewitness Testimony   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21) It is often argued that despite the limitations of human information processing, jurors overestimate the validity of eyewitness testimony because they are unaware of all the factors that can compromise an eyewitness' accuracy. For example, jurors may be unaware of the factors that can interfere with eyewitness perception, such as the weapons focus effect, or factors that interfere with memory storage, such as the effect of prior exposures on suspect identification (Cutler, Penrod, and Dexter, 1990). Given this possible initial setback, one implication is that jurors should have the benefit of hearing an psychological expert evaluate the eyewitness identification for weakness. psy.ucsd.edu /~hflowe/eyetest.htm   (312 words)

Eyewitness News Memphis Eyewitness News reporter Terrance Bates is getting out there, confronting landlords about your problems. Eyewitness News uncovers scams that are out to trick you or get your money. Eyewitness News uncovers the latest Medical Breakthroughs that affect you and your family. www.myeyewitnessnews.com /default.aspx   (959 words)

Eyewitness Encyclopedia - Encyclopedia Shop Eyewitness Encyclopedia Of Space and The Universe, Dorling Kindersley Ltd. … Despite these glitches, Eyewitness Encyclopedia of Space and the Universe is a wonderful example of a multimedia reference work. Far more than just a collection of information, the Eyewitness Children's Encyclopedia is an absorbing interactive experience! www.ecaseload.com /eyewitness-encyclopedia.html   (260 words)

Eyewitness Scriptures Eyewitness evidence has provided the basis for most, if not all, historical facts in human experience. Specifically, the goal of this site is to list and comment on New Testament eyewitness passages as a source of evidence for a) someone [honestly] interested in the resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth and b) for the Christian seeking to more firmly establish his/her conviction in the reality of the resurrection. Concerning Christians, Jesus referred to the belief concerning himself in the explanation of the parable of the sower found in Matthew 13:18-23 with parallel accounts in Mark 4:14-20 and Luke 8:11-15. members.cox.net /qjpe/index.htm   (636 words)

EyeWitness to History - history through the eyes of those who lived it EyeWitness to History - history through the eyes of those who lived it It was a milestone in American history, unifying the country and reducing the travel time from one coast to the other from months to days. According to this eyewitness, the celebration in the Utah desert was a blast. www.eyewitnesstohistory.com   (564 words)

Gary Wells New experiments show that having eyewitnesses build face composites can damage their ability to make an identification from a lineup. Since the advent of forensic DNA evidence, however, some people who were mistakenly identified by eyewitnesses and convicted by juries have been released from prison because the newly-analyzed DNA evidence proved that they did not commit the offense. Notice: A review of scientific research on eyewitnesses has resulted in a set of guidelines for how lineups and photo spreads should be constructed and conducted. www.psychology.iastate.edu /faculty/gwells/homepage.htm   (1802 words)

Eyewitness Nor is there any explanation of the characteristic location and movement of "the object" I saw traversing the sky. The FBI has explained eyewitness sighting of a "flare" as the body of the aircraft as it ascended, (prior to exploding) after the nose section fell off. My observations tell me that the aircraft was not just flying along and then suddenly blew up as the center fuel tank exploded. twa800.com /pages/eyewitness.html   (1563 words)

James S. Robbins on Thierry Meyssan & Sept. 11 on National Review Online   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21) If the eyewitnesses can't agree on what they saw, what was it they are disagreeing about and why are there so many of them? Where video is lacking, as in the case of Flight 77 (which is more proof of the plot, says Meyssan) it is up to the eyewitnesses to tell their stories. I was in my Washington office doing research when one of the secretaries told me that an aircraft had hit the World Trade Center. www.nationalreview.com /robbins/robbins040902.asp   (1337 words)

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