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Topic: FACTS (Electric power transmission)

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	Electric power transmission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Electricity is transmitted from remote electricity generation power plants and sold to end consumers by retailerss via electric power transmission and electricity distribution.
		It is necessary to transmit the electricity at high voltage to reduce the percentage loss of power over long distances: for a given cable the loss of power is proportional to the square of the current, while for a given transported power, this current is inversely proportional to the voltage.
		Transmission and distribution losses in the USA were estimated at 7.2% in 2003 [1], and in the UK at 7.4% in 1998 [1].
	www.encyclopedia-1.com /e/el/electric_power_transmission.html (627 words)

	Electric power transmission - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Typically power transmission is between the power plant and a substation in the vicinity of a populated area.
		The separation of transmission and generation functions is one of the factors that contributed to the 2003 North America flout.
		Transmission and distribution losses in the USA were estimated at 7.2% in 1995 [1], and in the UK at 7.4% in 1998.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electric_power_transmission (2344 words)

	Electric power transmission - free-definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Electricity is generated by power plants and is then sold as a commodity to end consumers by retailers.
		Electricity is usually sent over long distance through a combination of overhead power transmission lines (such as those in the photo on the right) or buried cables.
		Power is also lost due to the nature of the loads connected to the grid: this loss is expressed in terms of power factor.
	www.free-definition.com /Electric-power-transmission.html (796 words)

	Electric power transmission biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The transmission grid allows large generation facilities such as hydroelectric dams, fossil fuel plants, nuclear power plants, etc. run by large public and private utility organizations to produce large quantities of energy and then deliver it to distribution networks for delivery to retail customers for consumption.
		Also, at high AC voltages significant amounts of power are lost due to the capacitance between phase lines or, in the case of buried cables, between a phase line and the soil or water in which the cable is buried.
		The fraction of total power which is resistive (as opposed to reactive) power is the power factor.
	www.biography.ms /Electricity_transmission.html (949 words)

	Method and device for assessing the stability of an electric power transmission network - US Patent 6754597 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Electric power transmission and distribution systems or networks comprise high-voltage tie lines for connecting geographically separated regions, and substations for transforming voltages and for switching connections between lines.
		Power generation and load flow in a network with several substations is controlled by a central energy management system.
		The power margin, for a present operating point 25, is the difference between the maximum power and the power being currently transmitted.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/6754597.html (3893 words)

	Upgrading Transmission Capacity for Wholesale Electric Power Trade
		Power transformers are used in generating stations to raise the voltage of the produced power from the generation voltage to transmission voltage; in distribution substations to reduce the voltage of the power delivered to the distribution system voltage; and elsewhere to connect together transmission systems designed at different voltages.
		The actual temperatures occurring in the transmission line equipment depend on the current, that is the rate of flow of the electrons, and also on ambient weather conditions, such as temperature, wind speed, and wind direction, because the weather effects the dissipation of the heat into the air.
		Power flow patterns redistribute when demands change, when generation patterns change, or when the transmission or distribution system is altered due to a circuit being switched or put out of service.
	www.eia.doe.gov /cneaf/pubs_html/feat_trans_capacity/w_sale.html (5896 words)

	Flexible AC transmission system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) is a static equipment used for the AC transmission of electrical energy.
		FACTS is defined by the IEEE as "a power electronic based system and other static equipment that provide control of one or more ac transmission system parameters to enhance controllability and increase power transfer capability."
		In shunt compensation, FACTS is connected in shunt with the power system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Flexible_AC_transmission_system (171 words)

	Kirton v. Williams Electric Cooperative, 265 N.W.2d 702 (N.D. 1978)
		We agree that an electric power distributor has a duty to insulate or isolate its transmission lines or at least to reasonably warn of the dangers whenever it can be reasonably anticipated that persons may come into contact with the lines and be injured.
		In the affidavit of Raymond Hughes, who is a line superintendent for Williams Electric, Hughes said that he noticed a CB antenna in the Red Barn Trailer Court in July of 1976 and that he ascertained that the antenna was outside of the falling distance of the transmission line.
		We think that disputes over these facts and the varying inferences which could be drawn from the facts not in dispute are relevant in determining whether or not Williams Electric should have anticipated the injury which occurred and in determining the comparative negligence of Williams Electric and Elizabeth Kirton.
	www.court.state.nd.us /court/opinions/9423.htm (2834 words)

	Power Transmission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		After power is generated at a generation plant, the voltage is "stepped up" by a transformer to give it the "push" to travel long distances.
		Power coming into your residence is usually 120 V or 220 V. Electrical substations perform many functions in controlling and transferring power in an electric system.
		Electric current from the input coil (A) creates a magnetic field in the core (B), which in turn produces a voltage on the output coil (C).
	www.ece.umr.edu /links/power/electric.htm (580 words)

	Electric power transmission : Power line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In a typical transmission grid, power plants use transformers to step the electric power up to high voltage alternating current (AC) for transmission over longer distances to a substation.
		In the U.S.A. the most commonly supplied power from distribution lines to small end users via is two phase[?] or three phase as defined by standards such as the National Electric Code.
		Transmission lines can also be used to carry data: this is called power-line carrier, or PLC communication.
	www.eurofreehost.com /po/Power_line_2.html (346 words)

	Nikola Tesla (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		During this electricity war, in his strategy he included a public dog killing with the electric shock, and the publishing of the intimidating pamphlets, all in the effort to represent the alternating current as a deadly danger.
		He talked about how electric impulses are transmitted with the suitable frequency, in other words, with the speed of the vibrations through the ground to produce the energy waves, just like when the piano string vibrating when that same tone, to which the string is adjusted, is produced on some other instrument in that room.
		Tesla?s vision of a wireless transmission convinced the financial magnates like Morgan that much, that they financed his research, but they didn?t realize that his intention in fact was to give the electricity to people everywhere for free.
	www.teslaworld.com /english/4-Free_energy.html (4611 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Power Grids Work"
		Electrical power is a little bit like the air you breathe: You don't really think about it until it is missing.
		It is only during a power failure, when you walk into a dark room and instinctively hit the useless light switch, that you realize how important power is in your daily life.
		Power travels from the power plant to your house through an amazing system called the power distribution grid.
	www.howstuffworks.com /power.htm (223 words)

	Serveron Corporation Launched to Monitor the Performance of Critical Electric Power Transmission and Distribution ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		As the world's utility equipment ages while homes and industries become increasingly dependent on electric power, Serveron, with offices in Portland and Bend, OR, was founded to meet electric utilities' need for critical information on equipment operating conditions, performance, and potential fault conditions.
		These batteries provide back-up power that is required to start up substation equipment after a shutdown, and that provides critical short-term power to gracefully shut down substation equipment and prevent equipment destruction in the event of an unplanned outage or equipment failure.
		Additional impact includes overloading other equipment until the failed equipment can be repaired or replaced, the power quality impact on critical customers (such as semiconductor foundries, metals refining and processing, and chemical processing and manufacturing plants), and disrupted scheduled maintenance of other equipment, leading to the possibility of additional failures.
	www.serveron.com /company/news_launch.asp (1410 words)

	Faculty of Power Engineering (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The complexity of the power generation, transmission and distribution implies a special training of the human resources that are expected to be efficient in exploiting the existing modern installations and equipment.
		The power transmission is performed using overhead (mostly) and underground lines that sums up to 155 km of 750 kV lines, 4 400 km of 400 kV lines, 3 570 km of 220 kV lines and 18 000 km of 110 kV lines (out of these lines, 280 km are underground lines).
		The large number of the electric utilities and the important size of the installations required to supply them impose that the study of the distribution networks should be of a special interest in electrical power engineering training.
	www.energ.pub.ro /DEPE.htm (1187 words)

	Nikola Tesla - Science Articles :: Physics Post
		The exhibits included a switchboard, polyphase generators, step-up and step-down transformers, transmission line, commercial size induction motors, commercial size synchronous motors, and rotary direct current converters (one of which was operating a railway motor).
		As Electrical Congress members listened, Tesla delineated mechanisms which could produce oscillations of constant periods irrespective of the pressure applied and irrespective of frictional losses and loads.
		He explained the working means of producing constant period electric currents (not resorting to spark gaps or breaks) and how to produce these with reliable mechanisms.
	www.physicspost.com /science-article-198.html (2350 words)

	Biographies, The Scientists: A List.
		He had, of course, an interest in electricity; in addition, Ampère made similar investigations as did Avogadro into the nature of matter in its gaseous state.
		Kelvin's research in the transmission of electric current was to lead to the laying down of submarine cables, the ultimate one being that laid down on the floor of the Atlantic.
		It was Volta who developed the theory of current electricity; further, that water might be decomposed through the application of electricity; and further, he invented the electric battery.
	www.blupete.com /Literature/Biographies/Science/Scients.htm (4497 words)

	Glendale Water & Power - Fact Sheet - Hoover's
		As Sgt. Joe Friday would say: "Just that facts, Ma'am." There are 88 cities in Los Angeles County, and Glendale Water and Power serves one of them.
		Glendale Water and Power purchases water from as far away as 500 miles.
		Electric Power Transmission, Control and Distribution in the US
	hoovers.com /...&-power/--ID__129003--/free-co-factsheet.xhtml (247 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Understanding FACTS: Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Pioneers in FACTS and leading world experts in power electronics applications Narain G. Hingorani and Laszlo Gyugyi have teamed together to bring you the definitive book on FACTS technology.
		Electrical Engineering Understanding FACTS Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems The Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS)—a new technology based on power electronics—offers an opportunity to enhance controllability, stability, and power transfer capability of ac transmission systems.
		Pioneers in FACTS and leading world experts in power electronics applications, Narain G. Hingorani and Laszlo Gyugyi, have teamed together to bring you the definitive book on FACTS...
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0780334558 (439 words)

	SCOTLAND'S INVENTIONS
		In 1908, another Scot, Alan Campbell-Swinton, outlined the use of the cathode-ray tube for transmission and reception that is used in modern television.
		Cochrane's plan to sail her to Chile was never realized, however, because the ship-- the first steam warship ever built-- had not been properly designed and the boiler was too small to propel her.
		In addition to his research on atomic physics, Wilson studied atmospheric phenomena all his life and his work on the electrical behaviour of the atmosphere is the basis of our understanding of what is involved in thunderstorms.
	www.magicdragon.com /Wallace/thingscot.html (3871 words)

	General Resources on Electricity Restructuring (Tesfatsion)
		The first half of the paper discusses the physical attributes of electric power networks, the industrial and regulatory structure that emerged during the last century to govern resource allocation in the sector, the performance attributes of the sector, and the sources of pressure for reform.
		Various proposals to restructure electric power transmission systems for an open and competitive market rely on concepts such as nodal prices, congestion revenues, transmission rights, etc. Implicit assertions are made concerning the regulation of transmission access, properties of economic dispatch, and the operation of competitive power markets.
		Created by U.S. electric utilities in 1973, the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is a large research consortium linked to a global network of technical specialists and EPRI scientists and engineers.
	www.econ.iastate.edu /tesfatsi/epres.htm (5796 words)

	Electric Industry - Impact of Subsea Cables and Electrodes. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Electric Power Transmission Equipment in Denmark: A Strategic Entry Report, 1998
		DBA has access to electrical engineering consultants having a proven track record in providing cost-effective services to the electric industry.
		In addition, DBA has access to recognised specialist scientists on cetacean and shark biology and population dynamics, and who are familiar with electromagnetic impacts on the marine biological environment.
	www.dballoch.com.au /electric.html (804 words)

	Encyclopedia: FACTS (Electric power transmission) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		People who viewed "FACTS (Electric power transmission)" also viewed:
		FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) is a technology for electric power transmission defined by the IEEE as "a power electronic based system and other static equipment that provide control of one or more ac transmission system parameters to enhance controllability and increase power transfer capability."
		Click for other authoritative sources for this topic (summarised at Factbites.com).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/FACTS-(Electric-power-transmission) (108 words)

	facts - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "facts" is defined.
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	www.onelook.com /?w=facts&ls=a (234 words)

	EEH - Power Systems Laboratory: Home
		Das Power Systems Laboratory veranstaltet Vorlesungen am Departement für Elektrotechnik der ETHZ im Bereich der Analyse, der Entwicklung und der Regelung von Energiesystemen.
		Das Power Systems Laboratory hat seine Räumlichkeiten im ETL Gebäude an der Physikstrasse 3, hinter dem Hauptgebäude der Elektrotechnik (ETZ, Gloriastrasse 35) etwa 150 m weit entfernt vom ETH Hauptgebäude.
		Weitere Informationen finden sie in den Informationen für Besucher der Elektrotechnik.
	www.eus.ee.ethz.ch (177 words)

	MWH - Electric Transmission & Distribution
		MWH provides a full range of services for electric power transmission and distribution system projects.
		From power systems analysis through design of substations and transmission lines, we work closely with owners to develop system interconnection requirements in accordance with national grid codes and system operating standards.
		MWH provides engineering analysis, feasibility, design, preparation and evaluation of tender documents, and construction management services for transmission interconnection projects.
	www.mwhglobal.com /power_transmission.asp (130 words)

	Electric power transmission : Power line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Supercables.com: Long term visions By Dag Willén, May 2001 (http://www.supercables.com/Application/app_visions.html) Quote: "...The low voltage and high current in the superconducting cables can allow simpler, cheaper and more reliable power conversion units.
		This can enable the widespread use of multi-terminal DC systems...The main challenge at present is the power flow control where multiple terminals must communicate reliably in order to create a safe and reliable power..."
		It uses material from the wikipedia article Electric power transmission : Power line.
	www.eurofreehost.com /po/Power_line_3.html (185 words)

	World News - 14 science technology, life science
		The Blackout of 2003 focused attention on the state of the electric power transmission system in the US.
		Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), and DC transmission are power semiconductor technologies which can improve the control, efficiency, and dynamic behavior of the power transmission system.
		This ARC survey asks your opinion about the size, growth, and barriers to deployment of FACTS and DC products in electric power transmission worldwide.
	www.feedforward.com.au /News/world-industry-news-vol14.htm (416 words)

	Bibliography for engineering and technology studies
		Biglieri, E. and Torino, P. Digital transmission in the 21st century: conflating modulation and coding.
		In Power, Action, and Belief: a New Sociology of Knowledge, ed.
		Cowan, R. Nuclear power reactors: A case of technological lockin.
	www.creatingtechnology.org /biblio.htm (3341 words)

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