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Topic: FLQ

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October Crisis

Bernard Lortie

Pierre Laporte

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Paul Rose

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Quebec general election, 1970

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	Front de libération du Québec - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Front de Libération du Québec (Quebec Liberation Front), commonly known as the FLQ, was a Nationalist terrorist group founded in the 1960s that was part of the Quebec sovereignty movement.
		The FLQ was a group of young Québécois whose declarations called for a Marxist/anarchist insurrection, the overthrow of the Quebec government, the independence of Quebec from Canada and the establishment of a workers' society.
		From 1963 to 1970, the FLQ committed over 200 violent political actions, including bombings, bank hold-ups and at least three deaths by FLQ bombs and two deaths by gunfire.
	www.hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/FLQ (1117 words)

	Front de libération du Québec - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Front de Libération du Québec (Quebec Liberation Front), commonly known as the FLQ, was a socialist and nationalist terrorist group founded in the 1960s, during the early days of the Quebec independence movement.
		The FLQ was a group of young Québécois whose declarations called for a Marxist insurrection, the overthrow of the Quebec government, the independence of Quebec from Canada and the establishment of a workers' society.
		In 1966 a secret eight-page document titled Revolutionary Strategy and the Role of the Avant-Garde was prepared by the FLQ outlining its long term strategy of successive waves of robberies, violence, bombings and kidnappings, culminating in insurrection and revolution.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/FLQ (1257 words)

	AznPrincess548:.."..:Conveyance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Combative unit of the FLQ was formed in February of 1963, whereupon numerous members of the branch were trained in areas of terrorism and guerilla warfare by revolutionaries from other countries.
		Furthermore, the FLQâs demands of the government in return for the safe release of James R. Cross and Pierre Laporte were absurd: the FLQ required the liberation of 17 "political prisoners" albeit the fact that the entire group consisted of criminals.
		Likening the FLQ to a large and erratic fire, the Quebec police force as a single firefighter, and the Canadian Armed Forces as a powerful and large group of firefighters, one can understand why the Prime Minister was justified in his invokement of the War Measures Act.
	aznprincess548conveyance.blogspot.com (3535 words)

	Articles - October Crisis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In June, police raided a home north of Montreal in the small community of PrÃ©vost in the Laurentian mountains and found firearms, 300 lb (136 kg) of dynamite, ammunition, detonators and the draft of a ransom note to be used in the kidnapping of the United States consul.
		The size of the FLQ organization and the number of sympathizers in the public was not known.
		Given that declaration plus a decade of bombings by the FLQ and the wording of their communiquÃ©s throughout that time that strove to present an image of a powerful organization spread secretly throughout all milieus of society, the authorities took significant action.
	www.kimia-sains.com /articles/October_Crisis (1863 words)

	Front de Libération du Québec - FreeEncyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The FLQ was virtually an unknown group of young French Canadians, whose occasional declarations called for a Marxist/anarchist insurrection, the overthrow of the Quebec Government, the separation of Quebec from Canada and the establishment of a workers' society.
		From 1963 to 1970, the FLQ committed over 200 violent crimes, including bombings, bank hold-ups and at least three violent deaths by FLQ bombs and two murders by gunfire.
		As a Marxist group, the FLQ was also greatly opposed to the United States and one cell plotted to blow up the Statue of Liberty, but they were apprehended before this could occur.
	openproxy.ath.cx /fl/FLQ.html (786 words)

	The Politics of Terror, Canadian-Style (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The main thing that the FLQ is trying to gain from this is a hell of a lot of publicity for the movement.
		Second, based on the previously mentioned acquired intelligence and the overt public attacks of the FLQ in the seven years previous, this perceived "parallel" power perhaps should have been diminished by necessary means before the actual kidnappings occurred.
		The conclusion is inescapable that the government action was not aimed at the FLQ at all; it had extensive information and power to apprehend the perpetrators prior to the Cross abduction, and did nothing.
	www.alternativeculture.com /news/wma.htm (3098 words)

	A Personal Reality » Blog Archive » The October Crisis of 1970
		The collapse of support for the FLQ after the invocation of the War Measures Act and the execution of Pierre Laporte thrust Quebec separatism onto Canada’s national political landscape, continuing the Canadian tradition of reform through present political institutions when revolution fails.
		The two men were discovered to be members of the FLQ, and in their possession was a communiqué announcing the kidnapping of the Israeli counsel.
		The FLQ’s initial goal of exposure was achieved in Quebec, though their cause was largely overlooked and ignored in English speaking Canada.
	a.personalreality.ca /archives/2005/05/22/143 (1919 words)

	My diapers are bloody
		FLQ members had been arrested at various locations in Quebec, and when those who killed Laporte were found, it wasn't in Montreal.
		The FLQ was a Marxist terrorist group founded in the 1960s, dedicated to Quebec independence from Canada and organized as cells.
		Members of the FLQ had plotted to blow up the Statue of Liberty, but were apprehended before they could realize their plan.
	mrbloodydiapers.blogspot.com (7057 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		FLQ - Destroy Storage Tanks - Nuke Core In this mission, main targets are all storage bunkers storage tanks, boats and the convoys.
		FLQ - First Attack We are being attack by multiable waves of Fighters and Bombers.
		FLQ - Save The Factory We are to attack and hold the Factory at waypoint 2 The factory must not be damaged Then you will head to the nearest Airport and land 5.
	www.bobsyouruncle.net /Missions/flq_missions.txt (383 words)

	The October Crisis 1970... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		From then on, the various FLQ members implicated in the kidnappings of Cross and Laporte and the murder of Laporte are captured or return from exile to be tried and convicted of various crimes.
		Quebec's reasons for not releasing the FLQ terrorists were explained by Jerome Choquette in the debate on the subject in the National Assembly on November 13 (Debates, Nov. 13, 1970 at p.
		The murder of Laporte stripped the FLQ and all their supporters of the last vestiges of approbation from the public, while they themselves, when tested by exile from Canada, preferred to come home, where they were treated justly and fairly, in a manner which they had refused to their victims.
	www.mcgill.ca /maritimelaw/history/crisis (7607 words)

	Political parties of Quebec (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Use of the flag: The FLQ was an unorganized socialist movement of workers.
		The FLQ was a tiny underground group (or rather two or three groups that succeeded each other but adopted the same name).
		The FLQ was made of different little groups here and there that didn't really have contact with one another.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/ca-qc}.html (1275 words)

	The October Crisis
		While the vast majority worked within the legitimate democratic process, both to change the nature of Quebec society and to ensure the greater participation of French-speaking citizens in all aspects of life, a small minority insisted on armed insurrection.
		In October 1970, the terrorist group FLQ kidnapped two public officials, an act that shocked Quebec and much of the nation given the widespread belief that Canada was the 'peaceable kingdom.' Terrorism was something that Canadians read about in newspapers; it was not supposed to occur in Canada, but the FLQ changed all that.
		It was reported in August 1970 that FLQ terrorists, then training with the Palestinian terrorists, had vowed a series of political assassinations to further their cause.
	www.mta.ca /faculty/arts/canadian_studies/english/about/study_guide/debates/october_crisis.html (661 words)

	CTV.ca \| Man with FLQ connections charged in Second Cup bombings
		At the time, the FLQ demanded Mathieu and 19 others be released in exchange for the lives of Pierre Laporte, the then Quebec labour minister, and James Cross, then British trade commissioner.
		The FLQ had kidnapped Laporte and Cross, Laporte was later murdered.
		The Oct. 5 attempted bombing was eerily reminiscent of the tactics used by the FLQ in the 1970s.
	www.ctv.ca /servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/1025826805255_21236005 (554 words)

	Incoming GG is an FLQ sympathizer : IMC Maritimes
		Lafond's documentary on the FLQ crisis makes him a separatist sympathizer is to suggest that Ken Burns' documentary on the Civil War makes him a Confederate secessionist,'' Reid said.
		Lafond, who was born in France, met a number of former FLQ members when he worked on the 1994 National Film Board documentary, La Liberte en colere.
		He co-wrote the film with Francis Simard, another FLQ member who was given early parole in 1982 after being sentenced to life for his role in killing Laporte, who was strangled and found in the trunk of an abandoned taxi.
	maritimes.indymedia.org /news/2005/08/10768.php (846 words)

	FLQ kidnaps Pierre Laporte - "That Was Then..." - CBC Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This CBC radio clip reveals that Laporte was murdered, probably accidentally strangled, a week later.
		From 1963-1970, the FLQ claimed responsibility for more than 85 bombs, killing six people.
		It did agree to broadcasting the FLQ Manifesto on Radio-Canada, and guaranteeing the kidnappers safe passage anywhere in the world.
	archives.cbc.ca /IDC-1-71-312-1634-11/that_was_then/conflict_war/flq_kidnaps_laporte (243 words)

	The Reporter -- October 1970, first hand
		When the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnapped James Cross and Pierre Laporte, Tetley was a minister in Robert Bourassa's provincial cabinet.
		Once the FLQ did that, any sympathy for their aims was replaced by revulsion for the October 17 murder that Tetley calls "senseless, cruel and evil." The act was universally condemned.
		The FLQ eventually dissolved, and almost all of its members renounced violence.
	www.mcgill.ca /reporter/33/12/tetley (703 words)

	Articles - October Crisis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Prior to these dramatic events, from 1963, a terrorist organization calling itself the Front de libÃ©ration du QuÃ©bec (FLQ) had committed over 200 violent crimes, including numerous bombings that killed several people, one of which was a major blast at the Montreal Stock Exchange on February 13, 1969 that injured 27 people.
		On February 26, 1970, two men in a panel truck were arrested in Montreal when they were discovered to be in possession of a sawed-off shotgun and a communiquÃ© announcing the kidnapping of the Israeli consul.
		In June, police raided a home in the small community of PrÃ©vost north of Montreal in the Laurentian mountains and found firearms, ammunition, 300 lb (136 kg) of dynamite, detonators and the draft of a ransom note to be used in the kidnapping of the American consul.
	www.lastring.com /articles/October_Crisis?mySession=ee903c976e5ac939ec9008bf8b2d61b7 (1864 words)

	October Crisis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Under the War Measures Act, 118 residents of Quebec who were known communist supporters or sympathizers of the FLQ, as well as those suspected of being part of it, were subsequently arrested and held according to the law for questioning, without charge or trial for several days.
		Also, for years, the wording of the FLQ communiqués strove to present an image of a powerful organization spread secretly throughout all milieus of society.
		Supporters of the government's strong measures also point out that there have been no equivalent terrorist incidents since 1970 and it might well be because the vigorous response by the government has been a deterrent.
	www.infothis.com /find/October_Crisis (1487 words)

	Trudeau exaggerated FLQ crisis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Cross was still alive, arguing the FLQ kidnappers were aware they had made a political miscalculation in killing Quebec justice minister Pierre Laporte, their second kidnap victim.
		The newly released British documents suggest that from the beginning, Canada's prevailing view was that the FLQ remained a small band of thugs -- certainly at least until Mr.
		The Canadian, Quebec and Montreal civic governments all insisted at the time that they had evidence of a conspiracy by the FLQ to overthrow elected governments, without revealing exactly the basis of that belief.
	www.vigile.net /01-1/flq-citizen.html (736 words)

	October Crisis of 1970 - Timeline & Key Events - CANADIAN HISTORY NEWS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		October Crisis continues; the FLQ Manifesto is broadcast on national French network Radio-Canada at 10:30 pm, as a condition for the release of James Cross.
		Chronology of the day: at 6 am the FLQ terrorists issue a new communiqué; at 2:45 pm they release a letter from James Cross to his wife; at 4:30 pm, police arrest and detain several suspects for questioning; at 6:00 pm the FLQ extend their deadline.
		Chronology of the day: 5:30 am - FLQ lawyer/spokesman Robert Lemieux issues a statement on the breakdown of talks to free Laporte and Cross; 8:00 pm - Robert Bourassa replies to Lemieux; it is later revealed that the FLQ has 22 cells and 130 hard core members.
	northernblue.ca /cblog/archives/436-October-Crisis-of-1970-Timeline-Key-Events.html (2025 words)

	CTV.ca - Ottawa exaggerated FLQ threat, new documents suggest - CTV News, Shows and Sports -- Canadian Television
		According to the new information, Ottawa told London it had no evidence of âa master planâ by the Quebec terrorist group to force the separation of Quebec from Canada, despite public declarations at home that the War Measures Act was needed to fight a possible insurrection.
		The new documents suggest that Ottawa viewed the FLQ as merely a small band of thugs.
		One of the people abducted by the FLQ was British diplomat, James Cross.
	www.ctv.ca /servlet/ArticleNews/print/CTVNews/1025814684759_21223884?hub=CTVNewsAt11&subhub=PrintStory (228 words)

	Front de Libération du Québec : FLQ
		The FLQ failed to achieve Quebec separatism, and actually had a counter-productive effect, greatly decreasing public sympathy for the separatist movement in Quebec.
		Only after the FLQ ended its violent campaign did support for Quebec's separation from Canada increase.
		Bernadotte had too much integrity and honour.html">honour to serve him in the north as at Paris or at his headquarters.
	www.findword.org /fl/flq.html (944 words)

	Review: October (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The events surrounding the kidnapping and murder of Quebec's labor minister Pierre Laporte in 1970 by the Front de Liberation du Quebec (FLQ) is a matter of national history for Canadian citizens.
		The FLQ was a terrorist organization operational in Canada during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
		At times, the film maker's political agenda interferes with his story, especially during the first half, when the characters are wont to spout FLQ slogans (which sound exactly like the kinds of things all terrorist organizations say).
	movie-reviews.colossus.net /movies/o/october.html (540 words)

	MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Throughout its history, FLQ remained committed to independence for the Quebec province.
		The majority of the FLQ's terrorist attacks occurred between 1963 and 1972.
		It was in October 1970 that the continuing terrorist actions of Quebec separatist groups came to a head.
	www.tkb.org /Group.jsp?groupID=3490 (432 words)

	Does the FLQ Exist? 1965 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Written pseudonymously by Pierre Vallières, the best-known of the revolutionaries of the era, and published in the FLQ’s journal, La Cognée, in October 1965, this extremely critical article led to a change in direction on the part of the group.
		There is not any doubt, either, that a considerable number of young Québécois, of workers and unemployed, would like to enlist in this FLQ to liberate the homeland and themselves.
		At long last, when will it be realized that this FLQ will not be born of anarchy or of a few isolated acts, and even less of a few thoughts taken from a certain revolutionary manual?
	www.marxists.org /history/canada/quebec/flq/1965/exist.htm (721 words)

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