
	Where results make sense

Topic: Face perception

	UTD - Face Perception and Recognition Laboratories at UTD
		Face images of 7 to 10 year old children and of adults in their twenties were edited digitally to eliminate hairstyle and clothing cues to sex.
		The perception of face gender: The role of stimulus structure in recognition and classification.
		We found that the caricatured or exaggerated aspects of gender related to the speed with which male and female faces could be categorized by gender, whereas the closeness of the face to the subcategory mean related to the recognizability of the face.
	www.utdallas.edu /~otoole/face_try.html (2064 words)

	Face perception - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Face perception is the process by which the brain and mind understand and interpret the face, particularly the human face.
		Probably because of the importance of its role in social interaction, psychological processes involved in face perception are known to be present from birth, complex, involve large and widely distributed areas in the brain and can be selectively damaged to cause a specific impairment in understanding faces known as prosopagnosia.
		Theories about the processes involved in adult face perception have largely come from two sources; research on normal adult face perception and the study of impairments in face perception that are caused by brain injury or neurological illness.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Face_perception (1201 words)

	Gaze Control for Face Learning and Recognition
		Faces are central in human social interaction, providing critical information about the age, gender, emotional state, intention, and identity of another.
		First, the computational processes responsible for face perception appear to be qualitatively different from those involved in the recognition of other kinds of objects or complex scenes.
		Of the frameworks used to reduce the dimensionality of the face recognition problem, the one that appears most promising in uncovering the algorithm used by nature, given the characteristics of the human foveal vision system, is a sequential decision-making framework.
	www.cs.umass.edu /~mahadeva/papers/book-chapter.htm (2498 words)

	UCR Research on Audiovisual Speech Perception
		Finally, we have initiated a project to examine the neurophysiologicalbasis of visual speech perception and whether previous findingsconcerning speechreading and laterality are based in speech specialization,or general kinematic processing (Johnsonand Rosenblum, 1996).
		Fowler, C.A. and Rosenblum, L.D. Perception of the phonetic gesture.
		Accordingly, we suggest that speech perception is not special in its recovery of phonetic gestures; all perception is "heteromorphic", not homomorphic.
	www.faculty.ucr.edu /~rosenblu/AVSpeech.html (3851 words)

	Face Perception
		The existence of a distortion aftereffect for inverted faces thus suggests that the effect may be based on local image statistics and mediated at a level of the visual system prior to face processing.
		In Experiment 1, subjects were adapted to a horizontally distorted face, either upright or inverted, and were tested by judging the distortion of a face of the same or opposite orientation.
		In Experiment 2, adapting faces were horizontally distorted and tilted 45° to the left, and test faces were either horizontally or vertically distorted and tilted 45° to the right.
	www.psych.usyd.edu.au /staff/colinc/HTML/faces.htm (573 words)

	Face Perception
		The existence of a distortion aftereffect for inverted faces thus suggests that the effect may be based on local image statistics and mediated at a level of the visual system prior to face processing.
		In Experiment 1, subjects were adapted to a horizontally distorted face, either upright or inverted, and were tested by judging the distortion of a face of the same or opposite orientation.
		In Experiment 2, adapting faces were horizontally distorted and tilted 45¡ to the left, and test faces were either horizontally or vertically distorted and tilted 45¡ to the right.
	www.psych.su.oz.au /staff/colinc/HTML/faces.htm (536 words)

	Object and Face Perception (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Face perception is concerned with how we recognise individual instances of a type of object.
		Faces are interesting because they undergo non-rigid (expressions, gestures) as well as rigid transformations and they are used as a channel of communication.
		This suggests that we do not recognise faces on the basis of image contours, as suggested by Biederman for objects, since the process of negation leaves the position of object contours and the location of features intact.
	www.psychol.ucl.ac.uk /alan.johnston/Object.html (1131 words)

	Stages of processing in face perception: an MEG study - Nature Neuroscience (Site not responding. Last check: )
		, that is, the extraction of a perceptual representation of the face.
		Specifically, for 'configuration' stimuli, face parts in each stimulus were replaced by solid fl ovals in their corresponding locations, preserving the face configuration but removing the contribution of face parts (Fig.
		In 'configuration' stimuli, face parts in each veridical face were replaced by solid fl ovals in their corresponding locations, whereas for 'parts' stimuli, the face parts were kept intact but were rearranged into a novel nonface configuration.
	www.nature.com /neuro/journal/v5/n9/full/nn909.html (5040 words)

	Cognitive Daily
		Face recognition is a task which humans do with little effort, even though in fact it's a tremendously difficult problem.
		To recognize a face, we need to be able to ignore traits that change over time, while focusing in on details that remain constant.
		Research in face perception shows that we tend to remember faces not so much based on the individual features, the way face composite software works, but based on the relationship between the elements of a face.
	scienceblogs.com /cognitivedaily/research/face_perception (3430 words)

	Research
		Face perception represents one of the finest capacities of form perception and may depend on specialized processes in the visual system.
		We are using these adaptation effects to explore the mechanisms and dynamics of face perception, and how our judgments of faces may depend in important ways on the specific populations of faces we are exposed to.
		We have examined how processes of adaptation regulate the perception of image blur, by measuring the subjective focus of images after observers view images that are physically blurred or sharpened.
	www.unr.edu /psych/experimental/websterlab/Lab2.htm (951 words)

	Pacific Views: Face Perception in Autism
		Avoidance of eye contact has long been a primary marker for autism, and studies have indicated that a region of the brain associated with face recognition tends to be underdeveloped.
		The March issue of National Geographic is out, and research cited in its leading article on the mind indicates that even in adults, brain regions can shrink or grow their active connections within weeks of uncharacteristic use or disuse.
		Persistent disuse of the region responsible for face recognition seems to cause it to atrophy, but the lack of a fundamental problem with this area is a great source of hope for future therapy for autistics of all ages.
	www.pacificviews.org /weblog/archives/000952.html (290 words)

	Faces of Perception: Science News Online, July 7, 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Newborns probably focus on general elements of faces, contends psychologist Paul C. Quinn of Washington and Jefferson College in Washington, Pa. The contour, or shape, of the head may represent a particularly compelling component of the face for babies, he says.
		Faces contain two structural elements that are big-time baby pleasers but are by no means unique to faces, according to studies directed by psychologist Francesca Simion of the University of Padova, in Italy.
		Whatever mechanisms enable neurologically healthy kids to develop face expertise in the fusiform gyrus may be unavailable to their peers with autism, Gauthier theorizes.
	www.sciencenews.org /20010707/bob16.asp (2882 words)

	Face recognition - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Face perception: the recognition of faces by humans
		Facial recognition systems: the recognition of faces by artificial intelligence algorithms
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Face_recognition (92 words)

	Journal of Vision - A new test for face perception, by Dingle, Duchaine, & Nakayama
		To address these issues, we have created a face perception task in which subjects must order simultaneously presented faces based on their similarity to a target face.
		The experiment consists of twelve sets; in each set a target face is presented along with six morphed test faces that each resembles the target face to a different degree.
		The test faces were created by morphing the target face with another face; different proportions were used to achieve different levels of resemblance.
	www.journalofvision.org /5/8/40 (288 words)

	Cognitive Daily » Can our understanding of “normal” and “beautiful” be distorted?
		But an average face in Bangkok is different from one in Nairobi, which is again different from the average face in Kansas City.
		This time, the faces that had been distorted as much as 30 or 40 percent were rated as more attractive than any of the other faces.
		For the pre-test, the faces were all rotated in one direction, but for the post-test, they were rotated the opposite direction.
	cognitivedaily.com /?p=86 (1502 words)

	Infant Face Perception
		One of the faces will be a totally novel face and the other will be a combination of the first two faces the baby had seen.
		In general, if infants at a particular age "perk up" to this combination face, then we would conclude that infants at that age process more than just the independent features; we would conclude that they are sensitive to the relationship between the features.
		Otherwise, why else would infants view that combination face as different than the ones they were bored of, unless they recognized that it was a new combination of internal and external features.
	homepage.psy.utexas.edu /homepage/Group/CohenLab/faces.html (530 words)

	Beautycheck - symmetry
		But there is one problem: Because faces are not perfectly symmetrical, it does make a difference whether you use the left or the right half as a starting point.
		All symmetrical faces we used in our research project were generated by blending together the original face with a duplicate that has been mirrored along a vertical axis.
		Example: If a face has a broad left and a narrow right lower jaw, the mirror image method produces a face with either a broad or a narrow lower jaw on both sides.
	www.uni-regensburg.de /Fakultaeten/phil_Fak_II/Psychologie/Psy_II/beautycheck/english/symmetrie/symmetrie.htm (617 words)

	Perception Page (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The 5 modules (physiological bases of perception; form, pattern, and movement; perceiving color; depth, size, brightness, and contrast; psychophysics) each contain 8 units illustrating various topics in visual perception.
		You might not want to acquire this piece of equipment simply to be able to specify the angle at which color vision becomes difficult, but it is quite useful to illustrate variability in visual abilities across the visual field.
		The looks on their faces are remarkable as they try the sugar.
	www.skidmore.edu /~hfoley/perception.htm (3563 words)

	[No title]
		The structural encoding, which captures the invariant aspects of a face in a manner which makes it suitable for context-free identification of particular individuals, is presumed to be passed on in parallel to a pool of so-called Face Recognition Units (FRUs), of which there is supposed to be one for every known face.
		Further, they found that a face with experimentally induced familiarity, Joe, modulated the N250 during the second half of the experiment, suggesting that the N250 component is sensitive to the degree of familiarity.
		One of the unfamiliar faces, of the same sex as the participant, was designated as the target face and named Joe or Jane, according to sex.
	www.ece.uvic.ca /~btill/research/ownface/OwnFaceEffects.doc (3176 words)

	Farah et al., What is "special" about face perception? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This hypothesis, which can account for a variety of data from experiments on face memory, was tested with 4 new experiments on face perception.
		A selective attention paradigm and a masking paradigm were used to compare the perception of faces with the perception of inverted faces, words, and houses.
		The neuropsychological literature is reviewed for evidence on the question of whether face representation differs in degree or kind from the representation of other types of objects.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /comm/steen/cogweb/Abstracts/Farah_98.html (197 words)

	Face perception
		We seem to have an amazing capacity for face recognition "I never forget a face!", and yet our ability to identify criminals in eye witness testimony has come under real attack by people like Elizabeth Loftus.
		This has proved difficult The first oddity is that recognising faces is done in a different part of the brain than objects.
		Face recognition research can be very difficult to follow, especially some of the computer face recognition stuff but do have a look for yourselves.
	psyberfun.users.btopenworld.com /facepercept.htm (305 words)

	Caltech Infant Lab: Research Overview (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The human face is one of the most complex visual stimuli encountered by the human infant.
		In Walton et al.'s study, newborn infants (1 day olds) recognised a face to which they had previously been trained or familiarised across three facial transformations: (a) a photonegative transformation, (b) a size change, and (c) rotation in the third dimension.
		Newborns were successful with all these transformations in that they sucked more to see the transformed familiar face.
	neuro.caltech.edu /infant/face.html (161 words)

	BBC - Science & Nature - Human Body and Mind - Mind - Face Perception 1
		You will see male or female faces depending on which gender you are most attracted to for your partners.
		Do not be concerned if you keep seeing the same pair of faces.
		Many of the image pairs will look the same because they have been created from the same average face.
	www.bbc.co.uk /science/humanbody/mind/surveys/faceperception1/index.shtml (247 words)

	BrainConnection.com - Research in Visual Perception: The Significance of Face Recognition - Part 1
		Today our ability to quickly recognize familiar faces and subtle facial gestures continues to be a source of great interest to anthropologists, psychologists, neuroscientists and doctors.
		But unlike other objects, faces are intimately involved in communication, and our brains must be able to extract a tremendous amount of subtle detail from just a glance.
		So while some of the issues involved in face recognition are the same as for recognizing any object, other issues are unique to faces.
	www.brainconnection.com /topics/?main=fa/face-perception (598 words)

	Journal of Vision - Selective tuning of face perception, by Ng, Ciaramitaro, Fine, & Boynton (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Purpose: Human adaptation and monkey electrophysiology studies have demonstrated that face sensitive neurons are selective for emotion, gender and ethnicity.
		This was immediately followed by an uneven block design containing 6x32 sec cycles in which faces from the adapting image set were presented for 24 secs and faces from a non-adapted image set were presented for 8 secs.
		A control condition tested whether subjects were simply adapting to individual faces: subjects adapted to a random set of faces and release from adaptation was measured for a random set of different faces.
	www.journalofvision.org /4/8/132 (344 words)

	Human Face Perception in Degraded Images - SK, Samal, Welland (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		We develop a benchmark that can be used to determine the performance of a machine vision system for human face detection at different levels of image degradation.
		8 Microgenesis of face perception (context) - Sergent - 1986
		1 Recognition of faces in the presence of two-dimensional sinu..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /391083.html (706 words)

	Quiet Storm's incredibly powerful face to face marketing tools
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	www.quiet-storm.net /on-show (1087 words)

	Face transformer image upload (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Face Transformer is a fun toy only, and is not guaranteed fit for any purpose, implied or otherwise.
		The Perception Laboratory and the University of St Andrews accepts no responsibility for loss or damage incured while using this software.
		By using the Face Transformer you agree not to abuse the service by uploading copyright or pornographic material.
	www.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~morph/Transformer (251 words)

	VSinvertedspeech
		This fact is interesting because the language and face perception functions are usually considered to be very separate.
		After all, we look at different parts of the face for visual speech perception (mostly the mouth) and face recognition (eyes, nose, mouth, configuration of these features, and face shape).
		Furthermore, many scientists believe that this heightened sensitivity to the upright image is specific to face perception.
	www.faculty.ucr.edu /~rosenblu/VSinvertedspeech.html (679 words)

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