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Topic: Faddeev Popov ghost

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	Faddeev-Popov ghost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In physics, Faddeev-Popov ghost is a field that violates the spin-statistics relation.
		Anticommuting ghosts are associated with bosonic symmetries, while commuting ghosts are associated with fermionic symmetries.
		The "bad ghosts" represent another, more general meaning of the word "ghost" in theoretical physics: states of negative norm - or fields with the wrong sign of the kinetic term - whose existence allows the probabilities to be negative.
	www.faqfolio.com /faqfolio/f/fa/faddeev_popov_ghost.html (107 words)

	Faddeev-Popov ghost -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anticommuting ghosts are associated with bosonic symmetries, while commuting ghosts are associated with fermionic symmetries.
		The Faddeev-Popov ghosts are sometimes referred to as "good ghosts".
		The "bad ghosts" represent another, more general meaning of the word "ghost" in (additional info and facts about theoretical physics) theoretical physics: states of negative norm - or fields with the wrong sign of the kinetic term - whose existence allows the probabilities to be negative.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fa/faddeev-popov_ghost1.htm (124 words)

	Faddeev-Popov ghost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In physics, Faddeev-Popov ghosts are auxiliary fieldss which appear in quantum field theories involving redundancies of description, such as gauge theories.
		For example, in the non-abelian gauge theories of the standard model the ghosts are scalar fields (spin 0), but they anticommute (like fermions).
		In general, anticommuting ghosts are associated with bosonic symmetries, while commuting ghosts are associated with fermionic symmetries.
	www.abitabouteverything.com /files/f/fa/faddeev_popov_ghost.html (254 words)

	Faddeev-Popov ghost and anti-ghost. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The names of Faddeev-Popov ghosts and anti-ghosts are constructed by means of suffixes 'c' and 'C' respectively.
		The operation of Hermitian conjugation transforms a Faddeev-Popov ghost to itself whereas an anti-ghost is transformed to itself with the opposite sign.
		In the case of massive gauge boson there are three physical polarizations and the compensation by means of Faddeev-Popov ghosts looks wrong from the viewpoint of naive arguments based on counting degrees of freedom.
	theory.npi.msu.su /comphep_old/tutorial/node71.html (227 words)

	India, Indian States, India States, Indian hotels, Indian News and Indian Tourism, India Travel
		Ghosts are those souls that refused to be "recycled" because they have unfinished business, similar to those in the West.
		Sometimes ghosts are associated with electromagnetic disturbances, which suggests that they might be attributable to the electromagnetic field and not to a presently dead person.
		Several other ghosts are said to make the Tower their home; phantom troops of soldiers reportedly appear there, as well as a lady in mourning with no face.
	www.gujaratin.com /wiki-Ghost (5309 words)

	Faddeev-Popov ghost and anti-ghost. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The names of Faddeev-Popov ghosts and anti-ghosts are constructed by means of suffixes 'c' and 'C' respectively.
		The operation of Hermitian conjugation transforms a Faddeev-Popov ghost to itself whereas an anti-ghost is transformed to itself with the opposite sign.
		In the case of massive gauge boson there are three physical polarizations and the compensation by means of Faddeev-Popov ghosts looks wrong from the viewpoint of naive arguments based on counting degrees of freedom.
	theory.sinp.msu.ru /comphep_html/tutorial/node71.html (227 words)

	Brazilian Journal of Physics - Vector supersymmetry of Chern-Simons theory at finite temperature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As a consequence, it follows that the contributions coming from the propagating components of the gauge field are exactly compensated by those corresponding to the ghosts, resulting in the well known ultraviolet finiteness of the theory.
		Again, there is a complete compensation between the ghost and the gauge sectors, as expected from the existence of the supersymmetry.
		The analysis of the ultraviolet finiteness of the nonabelian finite temperature case as well as the computation of the vacuum expectation value of Polyakov loops are under investigation.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-97332000000200025 (1075 words)

	BRST formalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is related to a supersymplectic manifold where pure operators are graded by integral ghost numbers and we have a BRST cohomology.
		Since the operators are also graded by ghost numbers, this BRST transformation also forms a cohomology for the operators since [Q,[Q,A))=0.
		Although the BRST formalism is more general than the Faddeev-Popov gauge fixing, in the special case where it is derived from it, the BRST operator is also useful to obtain the right Jacobian associated with constraints that gauge-fix the symmetry.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/BRS_quantization (615 words)

	Ghost fields in CompHEP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The ghost fields do not correspond to physical degrees of freedom, but each of them has some real particle as a prototype.
		The names of ghost fields are constructed by CompHEP from the prototype particle name followed by a suffix which specify a type of ghost.
		It is assumed that the ghost fields explicitly appear in the vertices of interactions together with real particle fields and thus contribute to the particle interaction.
	theory.npi.msu.su /comphep_old/tutorial/node70.html (125 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anticommuting variables may also be used to handle the ghost degrees of freedom used in the quantization of theories with symmetry.
		The key steps in the argument are first to recall the argument of Schwarz \cite{Schwar} showing that the supertrace of an observable on the space of states of the theory is equal to the alternating sum of the traces over BRST cohomology classes, and then to observe that the path integral will give a supertrace.
		The method is also valid when the phase space is extended merely by including ghosts $\eta^a$ and their conjugate momenta $\pi_a$, provided that a gauge-fixing fermion can be found with the necessary properties.
	www.ma.utexas.edu /mp_arc/papers/02-9 (9847 words)

	Cohomology and Quadrics
		Ghosts and/or GraviPhotons might be useful in constructing star-gate worm-holes.
		Yang and B. Lee in hep-th/9503204 describe the relationship between the cohomology of the compact Lie algebra of a Lagrangian gauge theory and the BRST cohomology.
		There is no coupling of the ghost fields to the gauge field, and the ghosts simply contribute to a multiplicative constant, which may be absorbed into the normalization of the generating functional.
	www.valdostamuseum.org /hamsmith/coquad.html (4239 words)

	Not Even Wrong » Blog Archive » Templeton Funding for Physics Research
		The statistics of ghosts are explained and the effective quantum Lagrangian is derived without factorizing the volume of the gauge group.
		Moreover, the ghost does not contribute to the curvature 2 form (field strength) and may be thus eliminated from the description of the classical theory.
		Its restriction to the vertical subspace is identified with the Faddeev-Popov ghost, because infinitesimal gauge transformations are the vertical subalgebra of the Lie algebra E of right-invariant vector fields on the bundle.
	www.math.columbia.edu /~woit/wordpress/?p=436 (5885 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		We propose a new Ansatz to find a pair of solutions for the gluon and ghost form factors by solving the coupled Schwinger-Dyson equation under a simple truncation.
		This Ansatz enables us to derive the infrared and ultraviolet asymptotic solutions simultaneously and to understand why the power solution and the logarithmic solution is possible only in the infrared and ultraviolet limit respectively.
		Even in the presence of the logarithmic correction, the gluon propagator vanishes and the ghost propagator is enhanced in the infrared limit, and the gluon-ghost-antighost coupling constant has an infrared fixed point (but with a different $\beta$ function).
	www.thphys.uni-heidelberg.de /cgi-bin/abstracts/hep-th:0209236 (155 words)

	General Information
		Infrared features of the ghost propagator of color diagonal and color antisymmetric ghost propagator of quenched SU(2) and quenched SU(3) are compared with those of unquenched Kogut-Susskind (KS) fermion SU(3) lattice Landau gauge.
		I compare 1) the fluctuation of the ghost propagator, 2) the ghost condensate parameter v of the local composite operator (LCO) approach and 3) the Binder cumulant of color anti-symmetric ghost propagator between quenched and unquenched configurations.
		The structure of the gluon propagator in the zero momentum limit is also examined and the value for the effective coupling constant derived from the ghost gluon vertex is given in the same limit.
	www.dft.if.uerj.br /irqcd06/IRQCD_arquivos/options_arquivos/contributed.html (2259 words)

	Citebase - Consistent power corrections to ultraviolet asymptotic solutions in Yang-Mills theory
		The coupled Dyson-Schwinger equations for the gluon and ghost propagators are investigated in the Landau gauge using a two-loop improved truncation that preserves the multiplicative renormalizability of the propagators.
		Analyticity of gluon and Faddeev--Popov ghost propagators and their form factors on the complex momentum-squared plane is exploited to continue analytically the ultraviolet asymptotic form calculable by perturbation theory into the infrared non-perturbative solution.
		A recent claim that in quantum chromodynamics the gluon propagator vanishes in the infrared limit, while the ghost propagator is more singular than a simple pole, is investigated analytically and numerically.
	citebase.eprints.org /cgi-bin/citations?id=oai:arXiv.org:hep-th/0209237 (1841 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Popov or Popoff (masculine) or Popova (feminine) is a common Russian, Bulgarian and Serbian last name, and may refer to:
		Anatoly Popov (born 1960), Russian politician, former Prime Minister of Chechnya
		Leon Popov, one of the founders of the Soviet Red Cross
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Popov (186 words)

	BRST formalism Information
		This is related to a supersymplectic manifold where pure operators are graded by integral ghost numbers and we have a BRST cohomology.
		Since the operators are also graded by ghost numbers, this BRST transformation also forms a cohomology for the operators since [Q,[Q,A))=0.
		Although the BRST formalism is more general than the Faddeev-Popov gauge fixing, in the special case where it is derived from it, the BRST operator is also useful to obtain the right Jacobian associated with constraints that gauge-fix the symmetry.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/BRST_formalism (586 words)

	Faddeev-Popov ghost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It is the most essential new tool for BRST quantization.
		The Fadeev-Popov ghosts are sometimes referred to as "good ghosts".
		The "bad ghosts" represent another, more general meaning of the word "ghost" in theoretical physics: states of negative norm - or fields with the wrong sign of the kinetic term - whose existence allows the probabilities to be negative.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/faddeev_popov_ghost (164 words)

	Not Even Wrong » Blog Archive » P. University Press
		They were inspired by the identification of the Faddeev-Popov ghost field with the Maurer-Cartan form on the group of QCD gauge transformations.
		In my construction, the Lie derivative on \Lambda with respect to an element e of E is of degree 0, the inner derivative with respect to e is of degree -1, and the exterior derivative (coboundary) is of degree 1, just like in ordinary differential forms.
		Other terms are artifacts of functional quantisation in a non-diffeomorphism-invariant “gauge”, involving fields whose algebraic properties (like those of the traditional Faddeev-Popov ghost) are chosen so that the added term in the Lagrangian forms an operator trace of the Jacobian of the gauge-fixing term.
	www.math.columbia.edu /~woit/wordpress/?p=438 (9720 words)

	Citebase - Implications of Analyticity to Mass Gap, Color Confinement and Infrared Fixed Point in Yang--Mills theory
		Authors: Kondo, K. Analyticity of gluon and Faddeev--Popov ghost propagators and their form factors on the complex momentum-squared plane is exploited to continue analytically the ultraviolet asymptotic form calculable by perturbation theory into the infrared non-perturbative solution.
		[19] C. Lerche and L. von Smekal, Infrared exponent for gluon and ghost propagation in Landau gauge QCD, [hep-ph/0202194], Phys.
		We investigate a dynamical mass generation mechanism for the off-diagonal gluons and ghosts in SU(N) Yang-Mills theories, quantized in the maximal Abelian gauge.
	www.citebase.org /cgi-bin/citations?id=oai:arXiv.org:hep-th/0303251 (3763 words)

	Citebase - Numerical Study of Lattice Landau Gauge QCD and the Gribov Copy Problem
		The reflection positivity of the 1-d Fourier transform of the gluon propagator of the exceptional sample is manifestly violated.
		The dependence of the gluon and ghost propagator in pure SU(3) gauge theory on the choice of Gribov copies in Landau gauge is studied.
		We perform a calculation of the full momentum dependence of the gluon and ghost propagators in pure SU(3) Yang-Mills theory by integrating Wilson's exact renormalization group equations with respect to an infrared cutoff k.
	citebase.eprints.org /cgi-bin/citations?id=oai:arXiv.org:hep-lat/0408001 (1142 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		We show that the transverse gluon propagators are suppressed in the infrared region to be of the massive type irrespective of the gauge parameter, in agreement with the recent result of numerical simulations on a lattice.
		However, this method alone is not sufficient to specify some of the ghost propagators which play the crucial role in color confinement.
		The coupled solutions fulfill the color confinement criterion due to Kugo and Ojima and also Nishijima, at least, in the Lorentz--Landau gauge.
	www.thphys.uni-heidelberg.de /cgi-bin/abstracts/hep-th:0303251 (223 words)

	Contents of PTP Vol. 92, No. 6, December 1994 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		We study the stochastic quantization of the non-Abelian Chern-Simons gauge theory based on a kerneled Langevin equation.
		We choose a non-singular kernel and show that our Langevin equation has a thermal equilibrium limit and reproduces the Faddeev-Popov ghost effects in the gauge invariant quantity automatically without introducing any ghost fields.
		We show that the 3-dimensional Chern-Simons gauge theory based on our Langevin equation and the 4-dimensional topological field theory give the same partition function and the same Green's function.
	www2.yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp /~ptpwww/Contents/pdf92/926-09.html (108 words)

	hep-ph/0506053 \| Physics Comments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As a criterion of the colour confinement, Kugo and Ojima conjectured suppression of the gluon propagator and enhancement of the singularity of the ghost propagator in the Landau gauge.
		In the DSE approach and in the exact renormalization group equation (ERGE) approach, multiplicative renormalizable truncation scheme and regularity of the ghost anti-ghost gluon vertex in the infrared predict a relation between the gluon wave function renormalization factor and the ghost wave function renormalization factor.
		The authors find that the singularity of the ghost propagator is weak both in the DSE and in the lattice and claim that the vanishing of the running coupling in the infrared observed on lattice is also due to the compactness of the manifold.
	www.physcomments.org /node/320 (745 words)

	Journal of Mathematical Physics
		Leon The Dirac inverse spectral transform: kinks and boomerons.
		The computation of correlation functions 2815--2819 Stuart Samuel The use of anticommuting variable integrals in statistical mechanics.
		2820--2833 Jean Thierry-Mieg Geometrical reinterpretation of Faddeev-Popov ghost particles and BRS transformations.
	www.math.utah.edu /ftp/pub/tex/bib/toc/jmathphys1980.html (6239 words)

	Questions on section 3.1 GSW - Physics Help and Math Help - Physics Forums
		But I think the group G of diffeomorphisms is\nmuch more bigger, and the Faddeev-Popov-determinants should be\ncalculated for finite diffeomorphisms also.\n\n2) again 3.1.10\n---------------\n\nComparing with 3.1.6, there is a factor 2 missing in 3.1.10, right?\n\n3) On the ghost action\n----------------------\n\nIn 3.1.11, the ghost action is normalized with -1/pi.
		In 3.1.11, the ghost action is normalized with
		Popov technique is treated in a more strict way?
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?t=26385 (2549 words)

	Spring 2006: Physics 230A - Quantum Field Theory I
		Introduce the Faddeev-Popov ghost and antighost associated with (say) the Lorentz gauge fixing condition.
		The BRST cohomology on the full (Fock) Hilbert space of the gauge fields and ghosts is defined as the set of states annihilated by Q, modulo adding states that are themselves Q of some other states.
		Show that the BRST cohomology conditions on this Hilbert space reproduce the usual two physical polarizations of the electromagnetic field.
	www-theory.lbl.gov /~horava/230A.html (2431 words)

	Citebase - Mixed Boundary Conditions in Euclidean Quantum Gravity
		This paper studies a new set of mixed boundary conditions in Euclidean quantum gravity.
		These involve, in particular, Robin boundary conditions on the perturbed 3-metric and hence lead, by gauge invariance, to Robin conditions on the whole ghost 1-form.
		The quantum theory is studied by setting to zero on the boundary the magnetic field, the gauge-averaging functional and hence the Faddeev-Popov ghost field.
	www.citebase.org /cgi-bin/citations?id=oai:arXiv.org:gr-qc/9506092 (1256 words)

	confusion about Faddeev-Popov quantization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In order to get rid of the duplicated copy caused by gauge transformation, we need to give a gauge fixing condition, which is supposed to intersect with each gauge orbit only once, in textbooks the gauge fixing is Lorentz gauge, and works well except the so called Gribov ghost.
		So I think if we try to use Coulomb gauge to do the Faddeev-Popov quantization, we will fail because the gauge fixing condition intersect with gauge orbit not in a point, but in a subset.
		And it's not the Gribov ghost, it happens in the infinitesimal transformation, while Gribov ghost only exist in the large distance.
	www.lns.cornell.edu /spr/2005-07/msg0070478.html (183 words)

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