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Topic: Falash Mura

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	The Falash Mura
		The Falash Mura said they were entitled to immigrate because they were Jews by ancestry, but the Israelis saw them as non-Jews, since most had never practiced Judaism and were not considered by the Beta Israel as part of the community.
		The Falash Mura received additional support in 2002 when Rabbi Ovadiah Yosef, whose 1973 recognition of the Beta Israel as Jewish had paved the way for the large-scale immigration of Ethiopian Jews, declared that the Falash Mura had converted out of fear and persecution and therefore should be considered Jews.
		The $40,000 was intended for the temporary survival of the Falash Mura.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Judaism/falashmura.html (1979 words)

	Zipple.com - The Jewish Supersite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Driving the movement of Falash Mura from their remote villages to the compounds appears to be the fear-fueled by their advocates in the United States and Israel, critics say-that they will be left behind if they do not make aliyah quickly.
		Falash Mura advocates allege racism, saying that Russians with clear Jewish roots but little interest in Judaism are welcomed as Israeli citizens, along with their non-Jewish relatives.
		Falash Mura advocates deny that they urge people to head for the compounds, but say they "wouldn't be surprised" if the village exodus is continuing.
	www.zipple.com /newsandpolitics/israelnews/20010322_falash.shtml (1419 words)

	CJNews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Israeli minister of the interior, Natan Sharansky, is currently in Ethiopia investigating the plight of the Falash Mura and their requests to immigrate to Israel.
		While the Falash Mura are the members of Beta Israel who have ancestors that converted to Christianity at some point, Asres said, many of them were forced to convert, continued to practise Judaism and didn't intermarry with those around them.
		Kaplan said that in the past, the Falash Mura were located in the Gondar region, but have "migrated either to the city of Gondar itself or to the Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa.
	www.cjnews.com /pastissues/00/apr19-00/front2.htm (857 words)

	Falash Mura Crisis Heats Up After Controversial Report
		Driving the movement of Falash Mura from their remote villages to the compounds appears to be the fear - fueled by their advocates in the United States and Israel, critics say - that they will be left behind if they do not make aliyah quickly.
		One leading advocate claims that hints of a Falash Mura stampede to the compounds are not just inaccurate, but are intended to discourage American Jewish support for their immigration.
		Falash Mura in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, prepare to board a bus to the airport to fly to Israel in February.
	www.jafi.org.il /papers/2001/july/expjuly12a.htm (1303 words)

	JUF News and Public Affairs
		The Falash Mura are Ethiopians whose Jewish ancestors converted to Christianity, many under coercion, but who recently have reverted to Jewish practices.
		Since 1998, some 20,000 Falash Mura have left their rural homes and moved close to urban compounds run by Jewish groups in Addis Ababa and Gondar in hopes of immigrating to Israel.
		Livni has said publicly that the Falash Mura can't be brought en masse without proper plans and sufficient funds for their absorption, estimated at $100,000 per person over a lifetime.
	www.juf.org /news_public_affairs/article.asp?key=4797 (1102 words)

	MWC News - A Site Without Borders - - Waiting Falash Mura languish in squalor
		The Falash Mura abandoned their homes many years ago in the hope of qualifying to immigrate to Israel under the Jewish state’s 1950 Law of Return — which grants any person with at least one Jewish grandparent the right to Israeli citizenship.
		The Falash Mura are of Jewish descent, but they converted to Christianity after suffering persecution and being targeted by missionaries.
		For its part, the Israeli government in January voted to reduce the budget for bringing the Falash Mura to Israel, which appeared to contradict earlier promises to increase the monthly immigration quota.
	mwcnews.net /content/view/12891/195 (937 words)

	FORWARD : News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Supporters of the Falash Mura are circulating an unofficial translation of the Cabinet decision that appears to point a finger at the Jewish Agency for Israel and two relief organizations based in the United States, the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee and the North American Conference on Ethiopian Jewry.
		Nacoej officials say that about $6 million annually would be needed to allow the Falash Mura, most of whom are living as urban refugees in Addis Ababa and Gondar, to acquire the same standard of living as other Ethiopians while they wait to emigrate.
		Falash Mura supporters countered that such estimates were grossly exaggerated.
	www.forward.com /issues/2003/03.02.21/news4.html (1131 words)

	The Jewish Agency For Israel: In the News
		The Falash Mura say they are descendants of Ethiopian Jews who converted to Christianity many years ago, often through coercion, but have resumed practicing Judaism.
		About 15,000 to 20,000 Falash Mura are believed to fall into that category, according to the government and supporters of the Falash Mura.
		Under the Monday decision, the government will permit 600 Falash Mura to come each month, beginning June 1, and the immigration should be completed by the end of 2007, the prime minister's office said.
	www.jafi.org.il /papers/2005/feb/feb01nyt.htm (491 words)

	New beginnings and challenges for Falash Mura immigrants in Israel
		Falash Mura children study in schools together with other Israelis and are quickly learning Hebrew, often acting as translators and links to society for parents who find it more difficult to learn a new language.
		When it comes to the Falash Mura, attitudes are mixed among the Ethiopian Jews who immigrated to Israel in the 1980s and early 1990s.
		Though it took several years, the Falash Mura now are accepted as Jews by Israel's chief rabbinate, as well as by all three major Jewish religious denominations in North America.
	toronto.ujcfedweb.org /content_display.html?ArticleID=112534 (1894 words)

	Sharansky to visit Ethiopia to look into Falash Mura issue
		Some 18,000 Falash Mura are living in squalid conditions near compounds in Addis Ababa and Gondar operated by the North American Conference on Ethiopian Jewry, an organization that has been pushing Israel to speed up the application process.
		Supporters of the Falash Mura complain that officials at the Israeli Embassy in Addis Ababa are refusing to accept and evaluate immigration applications.
		They also note that many Falash Mura in Ethiopia are practicing traditional Judaism and waiting for a chance to prove they are eligible for aliyah under the Law of Return, which requires applicants to have at least one Jewish grandparent.
	www.jafi.org.il /papers/2000/april/jtaapr5.htm (500 words)

	Young Leadership of UJA-Federation of New York: Getting Into Details on Ethiopian Falash Mura (JTA) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The cost of immigration and absorption, and the number of Falash Mura eligible for aliyah, are at the heart of the government's delay in implementing the February Cabinet decision, observers say.
		According to Eckstein, Poraz is preparing a recommendation on the Falash Mura to present to a Cabinet committee in the next month or two, once he has secured funding sources and determined the number of Falash Mura eligible for aliyah.
		Regardless of whether or not the Falash Mura left in Ethiopia are Jewish, the fact that many of their immediate family members now live in Israel makes their emigration to the Jewish state a humanitarian issue, some say.
	www.youngleadership.org /site/News2?JServSessionIdr012=d1ij8rilz1.app13a&page=NewsArticle&id=5095 (1103 words)

	Israel wavers on entry of Ethiopian immigrants who claim to be Jewish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Since 1991, thousands of Falash Mura have left their homes in Ethiopia to live in mud huts in crowded camps in Addis Ababa and the northern city of Gondar in hopes of immigrating to Israel.
		The Falash Mura and their advocates among American-Jewish groups have urged Israel to speed the immigration process, warning those waiting in Ethiopia are exposed to hunger and disease.
		Falash Mura in Israel have held street protests to decry the government's inaction on its decision last year to lift immigration restrictions, accusing it of discrimination.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/news/archive/2004/01/10/international0456EST0445.DTL (877 words)

	Our Jerusalem.com -
		Critics of deals to bring the Falash Mura to Israel charge that many of those left in Ethiopia are claiming Jewish ancestry merely to escape the famine and hardship of Africa.
		When 4,000 Falash Mura were brought to Israel in 1998, many officials thought they constituted the last group of Jewish immigrants from Ethiopia, said Rabbi Yechiel Eckstein, president of the International Fellowship of Christians and Jews and a board member of the Jewish Agency and the JDC.
		It called for bringing the Falash Mura to Israel not under the Law of Return —; which grants automatic citizenship to Jews, their children and grandchildren — but under the seldom-used Law of Entry, which has been used to grant citizenship to foreigners for humanitarian reasons and family reunification.
	www.ourjerusalem.com /news/story/news20031102.html (1308 words)

	AlterNet: A Road Map for the Jewish People
		Falash Mura, Ethiopian Jews who converted to Christianity under economic pressure from Christian missionaries and death threats from Christian neighbors, secretly remained Jews.
		Falash Mura, however, were not allowed to board the planes.
		Another official argument is economics: "Falash Mura come from another kind of culture, another kind of country and society," said Aric Puder, spokesman for the Ministry of Immigration and Absorption.
	www.alternet.org /story/16190 (972 words)

	Shalom in Ethiopia: Falash Mura Should be Brought to Israel
		The Falash Mura, many of whom were forced to convert to Christianity in the 19th century, now wish to reassert their Jewishness and emigrate to Israel.
		Most of the Falash Mura who were unable to prove their Jewish roots have not been allowed to emigrate to Israel, even though many have family ties to the Ethiopian Jews who have left for the Jewish state in earlier emigrations.
		In February 2003 Ethiopia blocked a plan by Israel to move about 20,000 Falash Mura to Israel, arguing that a mass migration was unnecessary when everyone was free to leave Ethiopia in the normal way.
	www.nyjtimes.com /cover/01-12-04/ShalomInEthiopia.htm (419 words)

	JTA NEWS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In recent years, thousands of Falash Mura left their homes in outlying areas of Ethiopia and moved to camps run by immigration activists in Addis Ababa and the northern city of Gondar, where they wait to be cleared for immigration.
		The number of Falash Mura continued to grow, leading the Israeli government to believe they were not Jews, but just wanted to leave famine-plagued Ethiopia.
		Ethiopian Jewish activists have been lobbying for the Falash Mura, maintaining that many of them were forced to convert or never really abandoned their Jewish faith.
	www.jta.org /story.asp?id=030218-fala (1088 words)

	Canadian Jewish News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Montreal Liberal member of Parliament and human rights advocate Irwin Cotler, who has acted as counsel on behalf of the Falash Mura for many years, and who argued the case before the Supreme Court, called the judgment a "significant breakthrough" in resolving the status of the Falash Mura, still languishing in Ethiopian compounds and villages.
		Following the Falash Mura's initial application to the Supreme Court, and Interior Minister Natan Sharansky's visit to Ethiopia four months ago, the application process was sped up.
		In addition, 600 Falash Mura who received interior ministry approval months ago are not being allowed to immigrate because the absorption ministry is not ready to receive them.
	www.cjnews.com /pastissues/00/sept7-00/international/int1.htm (646 words)

	Jewish and Israel News from New York - The Jewish Week (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Discussion on a proposal to bring the entire Falash Mura community, estimated at between 15,000 and 24,000, to Israel in the next 24 to 30 months were held at a closed-door meeting Oct. 23 in Jerusalem convened by Interior Minister Avraham Poraz.
		At the heart of the debate is the exact number of Falash Mura left in Ethiopia — a country where records of births and deaths are not kept — and the cost to Israel of absorbing the immigrants.
		It called for bringing the Falash Mura to Israel not under the Law of Return, which grants automatic citizenship to Jews, their children and grandchildren, but under the seldom-used Law of Entry, which has been used to grant citizenship to foreigners for humanitarian reasons and family reunification.
	www.thejewishweek.com /news/newscontent.php3?artid=8688 (1439 words)

	FORWARD : News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Head of the pro-Falash Mura activist group South Wing to Zion, Neguise said he is organizing a strike at 27 absorption centers and "very radical actions" if the immigration process does not move forward.
		The recent wave of critical reports of the Falash Mura are the latest salvo in a raging political debate over how, or even whether, to implement the Cabinet decision, which has suffered numerous setbacks since it was approved in February.
		Livni this week said the expense of absorbing a Falash Mura immigrant is 10 times more than immigrants from other countries, but a report by the Israeli daily Ha'aretz stated that the true cost is much less.
	www.forward.com /issues/2004/04.01.09/news8.html (1125 words)

	JUF News and Public Affairs
		Last week's showdown was the latest in a series of battles for control over the fate of the 20,000 or so Falash Mura, descendants of Jews who converted to Christianity but now have returned to Jewish practice.
		The Israeli Cabinet voted in February 2003 to look into Falash Mura applicants immediately to see which among them are eligible to immigrate to Israel by virtue of matrilineal Jewish descent.
		Falash Mura already in Israel are waging a court battle against the government to speed up the process.
	www.juf.org /news_public_affairs/article.asp?key=5701 (1120 words)

	Resolution on the Falash Mura - Adopted by the NJCRAC Board of Directors, October 14, 1996, New York, NY
		While the committee recommended recognition of the Falash Mura near the compound as Jews, the chief rabbinate to date has not acted on this recommendation.
		The-official position of the Israeli government remains that the Falash Mura, as converts to Christianity, are not entitled to come to Israel under the Law of Return.
		Two high-level commissions were established to address the Falash Mura issue, one by Prime Minister Shamir, and another by Prime Minister Rabin subsequent to the 1992 election.
	jewishpublicaffairs.org /israel/resolutions/falash-res-10-14-96.html (597 words)

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