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Topic: Fall of Stirling Castle

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Sieges of Stirling Castle

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	TourUK a guide to Stirling Castle Scotland
		Stirling castle is situated at the gateway to the highlands and on the main ford the River Forth.
		James III was born at the castle in 1451 and it became a dower-house for various queens.
		The castle's last military action was in during the Jacobite Rising when King George's troops held the stronghold to prevent the Highlanders from crossing the Forth and in 1746 the castle was besieged unsuccessfully by Prince Charles Edward.
	www.touruk.co.uk /castlesscot/castle_Stirling.htm (398 words)

	Uktravel.com - Castle Guide
		The building began in 1441 when Sir Roger, already the owner of Hever Castle, received his licence to "enable, crenellate, entower and embattle his manor of Hurst Monceux in the county of Sussex." James Fiennes distinguished himself fighting for King Henry V at the Battle of Agincourt and later became sheriff of Surrey and Sussex.
		She was so incensed that the children of his first marriage would inherit the castle that she persuaded her elderly husband to let her dismantle the interior and use the materials to build a mansion for her children.
		The Castle is a working study centre and is not open to the public; however, guided tours are conducted Sunday to Friday, subject to availability.
	www.uktravel.com /castlecontent.asp?timeID=Herstmonceux+&offset=70 (1136 words)

	Stirling Castle, Castles in Scotland, Stirling Attractions
		Stirling’s history is probably one of the most famous in the world, especially since the major motion picture ‘Braveheart’, starring Mel Gibson, was released.
		Stirling Castle is situated at the head of Stirling's Old Town, mounted high on an old volcanic outcrop.
		The Castle that stands today is recorded to have been built between 1370 and 1750 in various different stages by the numerous different occupants of the stronghold.
	www.hiexpressperth.co.uk /scotland-attractions/stirling.htm (303 words)

	Clan Stirling Online! News
		Rev Robert Stirling was born at Cloag Farm near Methven, Perthshire in Scotland, the third of eight children, son of Patrick Stirling and Agnes Stirling.
		Stirling but carried on making his own alterations and refurbishment's to the major part of the house to which he had access without in any way impinging on Mrs.
		Archie Stirling of Keir now lives at Ochtertyre, a substantial house on the edge of the remaining land which is still farmed and run as an estate.
	www.clanstirling.org /Main/news/news.shtml (1487 words)

	Travels in Scotland : Tantallon Castle
		On a rocky promonotory on the Firth of Forth, the castle perches on the stone, with 100' cliffs that fall straight to the sea.
		James V attacked Tantallon with 20,000 men, but the castle was the only one in private hands that was able to resist the King's artillery, and was itself equipped with guns.
		The castle was inhabited in the last century by a band of thieves.
	www.phouka.com /travel/castles/tantallon/tantallon.html (433 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Sieges of Stirling Castle
		For four months the castle was bombarded by lead balls (stripped from nearby church roofs), Greek fire, stone balls, and even some sort of gunpowder mixture.
		Between 1571 and 1585 the castle was besieged three times by Scots factions during the reign of James VI.
		In 1746 Charles Edward Stuart besieged the castle during the final Jacobite Rising.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Fall_of_Stirling_Castle (490 words)

	Traditions and Stories of Scottish Castles - Threave Castle
		THREAVE CASTLE, Kirkcudbrightshire, is a ruin connected with the famous Douglas family, and is a lofty stronghold on an island of the river Dee, less than two miles west of Castle Douglas.
		Threave Castle was erected by him on the site of a fortalice that had belonged to Alan, the last native Lord of Galloway; and in the time of the eighth Earl of Douglas (about 1450) it is recorded that there was accommodation within Threave Castle for a thousand men-at-arms.
		Ultimately, upon the fall of the Douglas family, it was forfeited to the Crown, and came into the possession of the Maxwells, Earls of Nithsdale, who were relations of the Earl of Douglas.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/castles/threave.htm (1549 words)

	TravelSense - Scottish Castles
		Castles have long been associated with romance andexcitement, and the giant green fields of Scotland are full of them.
		Cawdor Castle is often stormed by fans of Shakespeare, for the mythic fortress is forever linked to the name Macbeth, even though the real Macbeth lived about 350 years before the first stone was arranged on these grounds.
		Stirling became the strategic military post during the Wars of Independence and was the preferred royal residence of many of the Stuart monarchs.
	www.travelsense.org /destinations/scottishcastles.asp (857 words)

	Stirling in Scotland - news
		Stirling was one of Scotland's important strategic centres inhabited by kings and warlords at a time when "Picts, Scots, Britons and Angles ruled their kingdoms in the four quarters of mainland Scotland."
		Stirling Castle may get the occasional, REM or Dylan which is good but it could never attract the stadium fillers on a regular basis.
		Now that Stirling is a city and not just a town that fancies itself as a city, the new Tolbooth should attract artists and performers who previously never knew we were on the map.
	www.instirling.com /stirling/news.htm (4564 words)

	University of Stirling
		The University of Stirling blends the best of Scotland's internationally respected educational heritage with the philosophies and structures of the American liberal arts system.
		Stirling, located in the heart of central Scotland, and less than 1 hour from both Edinburgh and Glasgow is home to the William Wallace national monument and picturesque Stirling Castle.
		The University of Stirling is just 2 miles from the city centre and has long provided a warm and friendly study environment which has encouraged many recent participants to extend the length of their study abroad experience.
	www.brockportabroad.com /thirdlvl/scotlandStir_3rd.html (376 words)

	Sieges of Stirling Castle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		After the defeat of William Wallace's Scots army at the Battle of Falkirk in 1298 it took Edward 6 years to gain full control of Scotland.
		The last stronghold of resistance to English rule was Stirling Castle.
		In 1651 Oliver Cromwell captured the castle during the English Civil War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fall_of_Stirling_Castle (417 words)

	Robert the Bruce
		They still owed allegiance to Bruce's father who, in turn, recognised the kingship of Edward I. It is possible that the two Bruces conspired in the younger's action, hoping to preserve their estates intact whatever the outcome of the wars.
		During the following year Bruce demanded that the English surrender Stirling Castle and he raided into the north of England but when, in 1300, it appeared that John Balliol's restoration as king was imminent, he once more transferred his allegiance.
		He was one of those who attempted to capture Wallace in 1304 in which year he significantly contributed to the fall of Stirling Castle when it surrendered to Edward.
	www.brucetrust.co.uk /debateable.html (2436 words)

	Thomas Moreham (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		He was eventually betrayed and captured in Aberdeen, jailed in the dungeons of the castle Berwick on Tweed and in 1297 sent to the Tower of London where he was incarcerated for the next 17 years.
		He was member of the English garrison at Edinburgh Castle and his name appears in an entry of the 'Ragman Roll' for 1296 when he is said to be of 'the county of Stirling'.
		He was imprisoned in Nottingham Castle for a year, a jail term that ended when he, like many others, won his freedom by swearing allegiance to the English king.
	www.falkirk-wheel.com /wheel/falkirk/information/Thomas_Morhame.htm (1314 words)

	BBC News \| SCOTLAND \| Laird demolishes historic castle
		Lanrick Castle at Doune is a listed building which has been on the at-risk register since the mid 1990s.
		Three weeks ago he approached Stirling Castle and told the local authority that the house was in a dangerous state following the recent storms.
		Brian Parnell, of Stirling Civic Trust, said the building - which was more of a large country mansion than a castle - had once been "very impressive".
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/uk_news/scotland/1829687.stm (301 words)

	Stirling Journal: The battle of Stirling...
		The battle of Stirling bridge: Stirling is famous here as it was the single most victorious battle for William Wallace (Scotland's most famous and renound freedom fighter) just go see Braveheart if you have no idea what I am talking about.
		After we visited Stirling bridge, we headed to the 'William Wallace monument' where a giant 220 foot tower was constructed some few hundered years after his execution to comemerate him.
		After Stirling, we visited Bannockburn, which is where 'Robert The Bruce' who succeeded William Walalce after his execution to become king of the Scots and finally vanquished the english from having a stronghold in Scotland.
	realtravel.com /stirling-journals-j993719.html (534 words)

	Deborah MacGillivray - Did Longshanks Accidentally Discover Gunpowder?
		They were all quoting the same original source?a very legit website wikipedia.org/ They describe the Fall of Stirling Castle to Edward the Longshanks: "For four months the castle was bombarded by lead balls (stripped from nearby church roofs), Greek fire, stone balls, and even some sort of gunpowder mixture."
		So when Longshanks used sulphur to burn Castle Brechin, he burned sulphur, wood changing to charcoal, and both came in contact with the third in gradient of the deadly mix: Saltpetre.
		Another bad assumption, saying mini balls were hurled at the defenders of Stirling, if they had gunpowder at Sterling, the stripping of lead off the church roofs were used in some early ‘mini balls’, like Longshanks used some sort of guns.
	deborahmacgillivray.co.uk /scotlandhistory_longshanks.htm (1149 words)

	Wars of Scottish Independence
		After this defeat parts of Scotland rose up in revolt under William Wallace.
		Despite some notable successes, such as the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297, Wallce was betrayed and executed by the British.
		The revolt calmed for a period, until Robert the Bruce, an claimant to the throne of Scotland, who was facing murder charges elected to try to lead Scotland in revolt.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/wa/Wars_of_Scottish_Independence.html (226 words)

	Clan Stirling Online! Main Page
		Robert Stirling (October 25, 1790 - June 6, 1878) Rev Robert Stirling was born at Cloag Farm near...
		Stirling Castle From Abbey Craig - painter unknown
		This print is titled "Stirling Church", the view is from the garden of nearby Argyle's Ludging.
	www.clanstirling.org /Main/main.shtml (222 words)

	Loyola University Chicago:Stirling, Scotland USAC Program
		The Stirling program offers students the opportunity to enroll in a wide range of courses in a variety of disciplines at the University of Stirling, one of the top rated academic institutions in Scotland.
		At Stirling, assessment is continuous throughout the semester, providing a student with an early indication of how he/she is performing academically.
		An exciting mix of old and new, Stirling has a growing reputation as one of the most attractive places to live in the UK.
	www.luc.edu /studyabroad/stirling.shtml (529 words)

	Dark Isle - Castles, Manors and Abbeys in Scotland
		Duart Castle - Impressive fortress on the island of Mull.
		Lochranza Castle - Was a hunting lodge for the Kings of Scotland
		Andrews Castle - Castle with a siege mine and countermine.
	www.darkisle.com /castles.html (717 words)

	Famous Historic Battles
		Battle of Stirling Bridge, 1297; Battle of Falkirk (1298); Fall of Stirling Castle, 1304; Battle of Methven, 1306; Battle of Bannockburn, 1314; Capture of Berwick, 1318; Declaration of Arbroath, 1320; Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, 1328
		The newly established Latin Empire heralded the final rift between Latin and Greek Churches and the fall of the Byzantine Empire.
		After the final fall of Jerusalem in 1244, the Seventh Crusade (1248--54) was declared by Pope Innocent IV (pontiff 1243--54).
	www.mystical-sites.stevenredhead.com /Warriors/battles2.html (14493 words)

	Stirling Castle
		I guess what I liked most about the castle was the defense walls.
		These walls had walkways on them and ports from which the battery of cannons could defend the castle within the walls.
		From the walls of the castle the Firth of Forth can be seen.
	www.angelfire.com /realm/travelfriend/stirling.html (161 words)

	, Stirling Overview - IgoUgo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Stirling is rich in almost anything that one could want.
		When you visit any of Stirlingâ€™s major attractions - the Castle, the jail, the Wallace Monument, or Bannockburn - you are given a slip good for 10% off admission at all the others.
		Stirling Information is well posted coming into town.
	www.igougo.com /travelcontent/journalEntryOverview.aspx?JournalID=47449 (376 words)

	Bannockburn
		King Edward II of England had arrived at the ford where the old Roman road crosses the Bannock burn with an army that was intended to relieve the castle at Stirling.
		Mowbray, the governor of Stirling Castle, pleaded for a force to relieve the garrison.
		Of the 500 knights, sent to relieve Stirling castle, less than 400 survived the engagement with the Scots.
	www.anmoddracan.org.uk /bann.htm (2197 words)

	Len Castle ( - ) Artwork Images, Exhibitions, Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Highcliffe Castle in Dorset and its' association with the arts; through Lady Waterford and Ruskin, stretching back to the 1830's was almost destroyed by fire in the 1960's.
		The castle was repaired by Christchurch Borough Council; English Herita...
		For over 200 years, Rosslyn has attracted countless artists, writers and antiquaries and by the nineteenth century the Castle, Chapel and Glen were placed firmly on the tourist map of Scotland.
	wwar.com /masters/c/castle-len.html (1517 words)

	The Tweng Family with connections to the Everinghams
		The castle had been built by Pagan Fitz-Walter, second holder of the fief of Kilton, part of the Barony of Percy.
		The castle came into the Thweng’s hands upon the death of Richard de Autrey, when the overlord de Percy gave the son of one of his knights, Marmaduke de Thweng, the hand of Richard’s widow.
		At the Battle of Stirling Bridge and the siege of Stirling Castle, Marmaduke showed the bravery, leadership and military prowess that earned him recognition from many contemporary chroniclers.
	www.everingham.com /family/data2/article015.html (7278 words)

	Touring Perthshire, visit Perth Pitlochry Dunkeld, Blair Castle Perth theatre concert hall Perthshire Scotland
		The Stirling and Falkirk area is a distinctive golfing region in itself and offers a superb variety of venues for golf breaks in Scotland.
		A romantic getaway break in Stirling - the perfect way to forget all your cares and do all the relaxing or even adventuring, you've been promising yourselves.
		Well Perthshire truly is. Gentle glens, capped by cathedral-like peaks that fall away to forested slopes, sparkling clear lochs, rushing rivers, sensational castles and ruins, and famous Scotch whisky distilleries.
	www.airthcastlehotel.com /local-area-guide/to-see/perth-and-perthshire.htm (320 words)

	Department of History home page
		Edinburgh and Roxburgh castles are surrendered to English garrisons.
		In the end, Edward achieved recognition of his overlordship, and was given custody of Scottish royal castles, without the need for an invasion.
		Spring 1314: Roxburgh and Edinburgh castles taken for Robert I. 23-24 June 1314: Battle of Bannockburn.
	www.arts.gla.ac.uk /History/Scottish/Level1/history1ca.htm (2977 words)

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