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	Fang Lizhi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fang Lizhi Chinese: 方励之; Hanyu Pinyin: Fāng Lìzhī (born February 12, 1936) was a professor of astrophysics and vice president of the University of Science and Technology of China whose teachings inspired the pro-democracy Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.
		He was expelled from the Communist Party of China in 1986 and fled to the United States in 1989.
		In campus speeches Fang, who works as Professor of Physics at the University of Arizona, has spoken on topics such as human rights and democracy as matters of social responsibility.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fang_Lizhi (132 words)

	The Epoch Times \| Interview: Professor Fang Lizhi On Zhao Ziyang and the June 4th Massacre
		In January 1987, Fang Lizhi’s party membership was dismissed and he was fired from the position as assistant director of China Scientific and Technical University.
		When Fang Lizhi and his wife were interviewed by the University at that time, they denounced the CCP that was out to condemn the innocent, and gave the students credit for this historical movement.
		Fang Lizhi: Zhao Ziyang’s contribution was opposing the military suppression of the students in 1989.
	english.epochtimes.com /news/5-1-19/25822.html (853 words)

	Chinese Human Rights Reader Entry Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fang’s first serious brush with the Chinese authorities came in 1957 during the anti-rightist movement, when he was criticized for advocating reform of China’s educational system and was expelled from the Party.
		When student demonstrations erupted in 1986, beginning at Fang’s university, it was inevitable that he would become a target in the campaign against “bourgeois liberalization” that was launched in response.
		Fang strongly defends the idea that human rights are universal, and is highly critical of any references to “China’s unique characteristics” when it comes to the implementation of human rights.
	sangle.web.wesleyan.edu /chrr/reader/intros/47.html (456 words)

	Fang Lizhi
		Fang was even more unusual for his interest in education, philosophy, and politics, as well as science-interests that grew out of his conviction that in any truly creative mind science and philosophy, of which he took politics to be an extension, were indissolubly bound together.
		Fang held that since the socialist system claimed to have made the people the masters of their own country, the people should have the right to know what their leaders were up to.
		Fang's refusal to overlook this kind of junketing and feather-bedding by the Party elite, and his willingness to bring such cases to the attention of student activists, made him an even greater favorite of young intellectuals disgusted with such behavior.
	www.tsquare.tv /film/SchellFLZ.html (10160 words)

	Bringing Down the Great Wall (Main Page) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In his first collection of writings to be published in English, Fang Lizhi, the world-renowned Chinese astrophysicist and human rights activist, speaks out on science, culture, and the future of democracy in China.
		Fang Lizhi was born in Beijin in 1936 and trained in physics at Beijing University.
		Fang is currently professor of physics and astrophysics at the University of Arizona.
	www.wwnorton.com /catalog/backlist/030885.htm (248 words)

	Human Rights Watch - Fang Lizhi - Tiananmen Square, 15 Years On
		Fang Lizhi, once a physics professor at the University of Science and Technology in Hefei, Anhui province, already purged from the Party and fired from his post, headed the list.
		Even before 1989, Fang’s outspoken political activism going back to his early student days, his determination to foster “intellectual and academic freedom,” his concern for human rights, and his influence among students had made government officials wary.
		Fang did not appear in the Square during the pro-democracy movement, but on June 6, 1989, he and Li sought asylum in the U.S. embassy in Beijing where they remained until they left for the U.K. a year later.
	www.hrw.org /campaigns/china/scholars/t15/fanglizhi.htm (717 words)

	[No title]
		In the interview Fang admitted that he is a member of Human Rights in China, is Vice President of the Chinese Committee to end the Chinese Gulag (obviously the Laogai Foundation headed by Harry Wu and funded by the National Endowment for Democracy/CIA) which in Fang's words is part of Asia Watch.
		fang is a member of human rights in china and is the vice president of the Chinese committee to end the Chinese gulag (laogai?), Which is part of Asia watch.
		China accused especially bao tong, Head of a liberal think tank, fang lizhi and the the stone corporation, a Private high-tech firm that donated tens of thousands of dollars in Materials to the demonstrators.
	www.acorn.net /jfkplace/03/RM/RM.china-two (3313 words)

	Chinese dissident astrophysicist Fang Lizhi to speak at Stanford (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		STANFORD -- Fang Lizhi, a leading Chinese astrophysicist and human rights advocate, will speak on "Science, Cosmology and Democracy in China," Wednesday, May 15, at Stanford University.
		Fang was one of the Chinese intellectuals whose teachings inspired pro-democracy student demonstrations in Tiananmen Square two years ago.
		Fang has received numerous scientific awards, including the Chinese Academy of Sciences Award, First Award of the International Gravity Research Foundation and the New York Academy of Sciences Award.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/relaged/910509Arc1401.html (203 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Fang Lizhi
		Fang Lizhi (方励之) (February 12, 1936 -) was a Professor of astrophysics and vice president of the University of Science and Technology of China whose teachings inspired the pro-democracy Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.
		He was expelled from the Communist party in 1986 and, after the June 4th, 1989 massacre, fled to the United States.
		In his campus speeches, Fang focused on he link between human rights and democracy as well as social responsibility.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Fang_Lizhi (122 words)

	Fang Lizhi -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Fang attended Peking University (1952–56) and won a position at the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Modern Physics Research.
		Vipers are characterized by a pair of long, sharp fangs, each with a hollow center.
		The fangs, which are attached to the front of movable upper jaw structures called maxillae, lie folded back against the roof of the mouth until the snake swings them out to threaten or attack.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9033698?tocId=9033698&query=fang (620 words)

	CCCU : Resource Center \| Enlightened Hearts and Cynical Eyes: Why Christian Faith and Doctrine Are Critical Scientific ...
		Fang Lizhi, a courageous and outspoken Chinese dissident physicist often called "China's Sakharov," illustrates this point in several important essays.
		Fang avers that ancient Chinese religion was important to Chinese culture, but Chinese intellectuals were aloof from their religion, which therefore did not greatly affect their personal beliefs.
		Fang Lizhi rightly does not agree with this assertion, but he errs in riding the pendulum too far in the other direction, placing physics on too high a pedestal.
	www.cccu.org /resourcecenter/resID.880,parentCatID.69/ns_rc_detail.asp (11546 words)

	FileRoom.org - Chinese physicist and free speech activist Fang Lizhi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fang returned to teach at the University of Science and Technology, but was not permitted to do research.
		Results of Incident: Fang was able to return to the University of Science and Technology and re-initiated into the Communist Party during the 1970s.
		Fang and his wife fled China to study in Britain and the United States after the Tiananmen Square massacre in 1989.
	www.thefileroom.org /documents/dyn/DisplayCase.cfm/id/881 (206 words)

	Democracy
		Fang Lizhi is a middle-aged intellectual who has been nurtured by the Party.
		Dr. Fang Lizhi and his wife, Li Shuxian, have left the U.S. Embassy in Beijing to proceed to the United Kingdom.
		The United States Government welcomes the PRC Government’s decision to facilitate the departure of Dr. Fang and his wife for reasons of Dr. Fang’s health and well-being and to permit Dr. Fang to pursue his important research in astrophysics.
	brian.hoffert.faculty.noctrl.edu /HST265/LevelsOfPower.html (800 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fang, who topped China's most-wanted list, was afraid to put his name on a scientific article he had written with one of his students.
		Fang spoke to about 175 people Tuesday evening at the University about the link between science and politics and the state of democratic reforms in China.
		Since leaving China, Fang said the nation is inching toward democracy by moving into a free-market economy, but he is cautious about saying when significant change might occur.
	www.mndaily.com /daily/gopher-archives/1992/11/11/Chinese_dissident_speaks_at.txt (278 words)

	Human Rights in China
		Speakers include astrophysicist Fang Lizhi and his wife Li Shuxian, and veteran Democracy Wall activist Ren Wanding.
		January 6 Â— Fang Lizhi, expelled from the Party in 1987 following the 1986-87 student protests, writes an open letter to Deng Xiaoping asking for an amnesty for Wei Jingsheng and all political prisoners.
		Fang is prevented from attending a reception in honor of visiting U.S. President Bush.
	www.hrichina.org /public/contents/article?revision_id=3430&item_id=3429 (2930 words)

	TIME Magazine Archive Article -- China The Furious Flap over Fang Lizhi -- Mar. 13, 1989 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fang Lizhi was not exactly a household name outside China until he was invited to dine with President George Bush.
		Using crude police muscle, the Chinese government physically barred Fang, China's most famous dissident, from attending the Texas barbecue that Bush gave at the Great Wall Sheraton Hotel to salute Chinese dignitaries at the end of an otherwise friendly visit to Beijing.
		The invitation infuriated the Chinese government, Fang's manhandling offended the U.S., and the Bush Administration was left with egg foo yung...
	www.time.com /time/archive/printout/0,23657,957208,00.html (163 words)

	Sino- Show Issue: 2003119211044E.TXT p.4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fang and his wife had taken refuge in the US embassy in Beijing, and they were stuck there for a year.
		There was constant speculation about how the US was going to get them out of there safely, and one reporter even claimed that Lilley was going to have a Halloween party at which everyone would wear a Fang Lizhi mask so that Fang himself would have a chance to escape in the confusion.
		Lilley was not amused, however, by an interview that Fang gave to NBC television after-with great difficulty-he was taken to London.
	www.sinorama.com.tw /main/en/show_issue.php3?id=2003119211044E.TXT&page=4 (304 words)

	Amazon.ca: Bringing Down The Great Wall: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fang Lizhi, then, conceives of himself, and must be seen properly in the light of, a universal struggle for human freedom and peace.
		On a number of occasions, Fang Lizhi has criticized the West and particular leaders for believing that trade with China is more important than human rights.
		Having just read Fang's writings before leaving for China as a Fulbright Scholar in early June of 1994, I sat in a lecture room of Beijing University with his words and ideas resonating at times in my mind.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0393308855 (1371 words)

	Medical parole - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Chinese legal code has no explicit provision for exile, but often a dissident is released on the grounds that they need to be treated for a medical condition in another country, and with the understanding that they will be reincarcerated if they return to China.
		Dissidents who have been released on medical parole include Wang Dan, Wei Jingsheng, Gao Zhan, and Fang Lizhi.
		Exiling a dissident in most cases destroys them politically, as they are no longer seen as a martyr within China.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Medical_parole (234 words)

	[No title]
		Fang said he has kept a low profile to prevent the government from accusing him of being behind the protests, which led to the imposition of martial law in Beijing.
		Fang wants to play in the current disturbances will be decided by his words and deeds." An effigy of Fang marked with the word "traitor" was torched at a government rally Wednesday just outside Beijing.
		Fang believes China will benefit from the uprising, despite the apparent ascendancy of hard-liners in the power struggle.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/packages/ccic/cnd/InfoBase/June4th89/English-text/june3-89.08t (1327 words)

	publication
		Luminosity inhomogeneity of quasars and the upper limit of the density fluctuation in the universe, Y.Q. Chu and L.Z. Fang, IAU 139th Symposium: The galactic and extragalactic background radiation.
		The discrete wavelet transform in cosmology: quasilinear and non-linear evolutions, L.Z. Fang and J. Pando, in Wavelet in Physics, eds.
		Scale-dependence of bias from APM-BGC sample, L.Z. Fang, Z.G. Deng and X.Y. Xia, IAU 183rd symposium: Cosmological Parameters and the Evolution of the Universe, ed.
	www.physics.arizona.edu /~fanglz/publication/publication.html (2853 words)

	Fang Lizhi -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		After the death of Mao Zedong in 1976, Fang's party membership was restored.
		During the demonstrations in Tiananmen Square he took refuge in the U.S. embassy, and in 1990 he and his wife were allowed to leave China.
		He subsequently conducted research in Britain and the U.S. More results on "Fang Lizhi" when you join.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9364202 (686 words)

	Group Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fang, Lanyan; Zhang, Guisheng; Li, Chenglong; Zheng, Xincheng; Zhu, Lizhi; Xiao, Jim J.; Szakacs, Gergely; Nadas, Janos; Chan, Kenneth K.; Wang, Peng George; Sun, Duxin.
		Lizhi Zhu, James P Kedenburg, Ming Xian and Peng George Wang, A Systematic Strategy for Preparation of Uncommon Sugars through Enzymatic Resolution and Ring-closing Metathesis.
		Fang, J. W.; Chen, X.; Zhang, W.; Janczuk, A.; Wang, P. "Synthesis of a-Gal Epitope Analogs with a Galaycosyltranferase-epimerase Fusion Enzyme" Carbohyd.
	wang.biosci.ohio-state.edu /publication3.html (4387 words)

	phorum - Our World Forum at Asiawind - Re: Massacres of Chinese by West horrendous and culpable
		Well, there were other agitators in the background like Fang Lizhi and his wife, and disenfranchised segment of the workers such as those from the United Motor worker's Union with their own agenda and axes to grind.
		As for Fang Lizhi, he hid in the American embassy, and under an agreement reached between China and the US, he was to leave China.
		The orchestration behind was conducted by Fang Lizhi and his ambitious wife.
	www.asiawind.com /forums/read.php?f=3&i=210&t=205 (825 words)

	What's New by Bob Park - Friday, June 9, 1989
		Fang, a prominent astrophysicist, is the spiritual father of the student movement toward democracy in China.
		Fang had reportedly eluded arrest by constantly moving until he reached the embassy.
		Chinese authorities are furious at the US for giving Fang refuge.
	www.bobpark.org /WN89/wn060989.html (491 words)

	THE GRADUATE CENTER, CUNY: Press Information
		Fang Lizhi, co-chairman of Human Rights in China, a New York-based group led by prominent exiles, will present his views as a panelist on "Society and Global Change: Facing the New Millennium," set for Thursday, April 6, from 9:30 a.m.-12 p.m.
		Along with Dr. Fang, an astrophysicist who teaches at the University of Arizona at Tucson, panelists on the Society and Global change panel will include Enrique Iglesias, president, Inter-American Development Bank; Fang Lizhi, astrophysicist, University of Arizona at Tuscon; and Mexican author Angeles Mastretta.
		The Graduate Center is the doctorate-granting institution of the largest urban university in the U.S. The only consortium of its kind in the nation, it draws its faculty of more than 1,600 members mainly from the CUNY senior colleges and cultural and scientific institutions throughout New York City.
	www.gc.cuny.edu /press_information/archived_releases/IntSymposium.htm (324 words)

	NPQ
		FANG LIZHI, the physicist known widely in the 1980s as "China's Sakharov," was a mentor to the student democracy movement in Tiananmen Square in 1989.
		After the crackdown, he fled to the US Embassy in Beijing, where he and his wife stayed for a year until they were spirited out of the country by the American authorities.
		Fang now teaches astronomical physics at the University of Arizona.
	www.digitalnpq.org /archive/2005_spring/09_lizhi.html (710 words)

	[No title]
		The Fangs arrived in Washington D.C. on Mon.
		Fang met extensively with U.S. senators and congressmen in the next two days, emphasizing in these meetings the need for international community to apply pressure to the Chinese government so as to improve the human rights situations in China.
		It was announced that the IFCSS is contacting Amnesty International and the National Association of Graduate and Professional Students to conduct similar actions.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/packages/ccic/cnd/cnd-us/1991.cnd-us/2.12 (1112 words)

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