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	Tangut language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The record of the pronunciation in these dictionaries is made using the principle of fanqie 反切, borrowed from the Chinese lexicographic tradition.
		In distinction to the transcription in foreign languages, the Tangut fanqie make distinctions among the rhymes in a systematic and very precise manner.
		Due to the fanqie, we now have a good understanding of the phonological categories of the language.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tangut_language (918 words)

	homework2
		Before the fanqie method was used, the pronunciation of an unknown character had to be indicated with that of another character (a homophone) in the form of: “This character is read as that character (音同yin1tong2).” The problem with this scheme is obvious.
		Fanqie makes use of both rhyming and alliteration in indicating the pronunciation of a character.
		While fanqie spellings can provide information about both the initial consonant and the rime, rhyme groups can only tell us about whether two characters have the same rime.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /dept/chinese/aspect/fanqie.html (802 words)

	Fanqie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fanqie (反切) spellings are to indicate the of Chinese characters.
		Basically the fanqie method is to use characters to represent the pronunciation of the The onset is represented by another character the same onset.
		It is necessary to stress the Middle tone because since the beginning of fanqie the tones have developed over more than and a half millennia.
	www.freeglossary.com /Fanqie (562 words)

	Why romanizations
		The Fanqie （反切）method, revolutionary as it was for its day, did not eliminate either of these problems.
		It is true that fewer characters were needed with Fanqie than with the earlier ‘mutual gloss’ method.
		Using an independent alphabetic system to indicate pronunciation solves both the problem of circularity inherent in any system that uses mutual definition (mono-lingual dictionaries are good examples of that) and the necessity of a large number of elements.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /dept/chinese/aspect/whyroman.html (474 words)

	Chinese Philology and the Scripts of Central Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Primarily, it elaborated the problem of the explanation of the meanings of the characters and the establishment of their correct readings.
		One of the important achievements of the traditional Chinese philology was the method of fanqie ("cut and splice") according to which the unknown reading of a character is described by means of two other characters with known readings.
		Originally fanqie was designed, presumably under the tutelage of Indian phoneticians, to indicate the readings of characters in the philological works.
	spp.pinyin.info /abstracts/spp030_chinese_philology.html (401 words)

	Hakka Dialect and Other Topics
		This method is known as the FanQie (in Mandarin) or in Hakka, the Fan1 Chiad5 method.
		The idea of using rhymes has lead the scholars in the past to use one character in each of the four basic tone types to represent a rhyme sound that could be compared to all words which had the same rhyme and tone.
		Square brackets separate the three characters from the body of the text and this indicates the use of fanqie.
	www.sungwh.freeserve.co.uk /sapienti/haklfaq.htm (4710 words)

	Chinese - Writing and Lexicons
		A number of methods (such as FanQie and rhyme tables) were invented to aid (though not quite overcome) this problem.
		This enabled those interested in the phonlogy of the language then to further differentiate between sounds of similar articulations through the recognition of the way the pitch changed for each tone category.
		It list characters under each symbolic, their pronunciation using the Fanqie method of splicing an initial and rhyme, from a number of sources, including Guangyun, and many other dictionaries available at the time.
	www.sungwh.freeserve.co.uk /chinese/ch-char.htm (1154 words)

	LINGUIST List 2.435: Dialect, Games, Clicks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This probably won't help clarify the issue much, but at the U. of Chicago, where I went to school, this equation is attributed to Edward Sapir.
		For those interested, there have so far been very few sources on the so-called "fanqie spelling" language games in different Chinese dialects.
		The others concentrate on Chao's source for the different varieties of fanqie secret languages.
	www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de /linguist/issues/2/2-435.html (265 words)

	Amazon.ca: Fanqie: Search Results Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fanqie versus zhiyin The Slat appears at first sight to represent the pronunciation of certain characters by means of a crude form of the fanqie principle used...
		One reason is simply the unlikelihood that the earliest extant example of the fanqie principle of the rhyme dictionaries, which aimed to encapsulate all the phonemic differences within...
		entry includes the pronunciation of the word (in pinyin romanization and in the traditional fanqie a YJ notation), examples of the graph copied from several inscriptions identified by name...
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/external-search?search-type=ss&keyword=Fanqie&index=books-ca (519 words)

	A Middle Chinese Spelling Construction Kit - GB
		William Baxter's notation for the Middle Chinese fanqie spellings can be easily derived from the data below.
		Baxter's notation is extremely useful and convenient because it is a fully typable transcription for the Qieyun fanqie spellings of 601 A.D. To use the data below, you will need to know the Guangyun rhyme for the word you are researching.
		Since ming2 happens to be the first word in a sequence of homophones, it occurs immediately after a period (a small circle), and it is followed by several definitions, the fanqie spelling for ming2 and its homophones, and the number of homophones (five).
	www.geocities.com /sgoertzen/Chinese/mcgb.htm (1169 words)

	Instructor Class Description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This course is a basic introduction at the graduate level to methods and materials in Chinese historical phonology.
		Topics covered include the periodization of the Chinese language; the source materials for reconstructing earlier stages of the language (with a focus on the Middle Chinese period); traditional Chinese phonological categories and terminology; fanqie spellings; major reconstruction systems; the use of scholarly materials to determine reconstructions in these systems.
		Students will develop an understanding of how the Chinese language has changed over time, of how ancient pronunciations can be recovered, and of the unresolved and controversial issues that remain in the field.
	www.washington.edu /students/icd/S/chinese/542zhandel.html (316 words)

	Chinese Tones and Prosody
		It is akin to using an alphabet in that it orders all words into some set and defined order.
		Thus it gave a finer resolution for Hanzi categorisation in his work Si Sheng Pu It is the these tones which we shall present here.
		The method of FanQie meant that the rhymes could be sorted out into the Si Sheng tones.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Pagoda/3847/sapienti/anctones.htm (1926 words)

	The Hindu : Chinese platter
		The wide range of starters and soups includes jiao ma yumisun (fried babycorn tossed with chilli and sesame), jiangxiang doufu (fried tofu tossed with yellow bean paste) and xiantsai fensi chunjuan (spinach and vermicelli spring roll).
		The vegetarian fare boasts of jiangdou chao doufu (fried string beans with tofu sichuan style) and fanqie hui biandou (french bean with tomato cooked homestyle).
		The non-veg section offers jiangbou jiding (fried diced chicken in soy sauce), menggu jipain (stir fried sliced chicken mongolian style), suantsai roupian (braised pork with pickle vegetables) and mifen rou (steamed pork with crushed rice).
	www.hinduonnet.com /mp/2004/07/19/stories/2004071900160300.htm (204 words)

	Vocalmusic - Teen Support Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Xingsi yin of most rhymes, namely, gui yin, can be marked by Chinese characters, but some can only be spoken as there are no such corresponding words for their xingsi yin.
		Zhao Yuanren, a modern Chinese phonologist once said: fanqie yu is to be spoken, not written.
		With the rules of additional sounds, fanqie yu of any words can be plumed out.
	www.teen-support.net /forums/index.php?showtopic=4394 (6366 words)

	SkyscraperCity Forums - Even Hangul is a copy from Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Before the fanqie method was used, the pronunciation of an unknown character had to be indicated with that of another character (a homophone) in the form of: “This character is read as that character (音同yin1tong2).” The problem with this scheme is obvious.
		The invention of the Fanqie method was the beginning.
		It may be useful to think of rhyming and alliteration, concepts that you may have learned in your literature classes.
	www.skyscrapercity.com /showthread.php?t=209740&page=4 (2230 words)

	Japanese pronouncing English words - Page 2 - Chinese-forums.com
		(2) To divide the sounds of CJK characters according to fanqie 反切.
		My remark was not about fanqie, but about 切韻 as a reference book (although lost for most part but still existing in fragments in Dūnhuáng 敦煌) and its list of sounds.
		Even if characters pronunciations had evolved since then, and nothing is sure about the old pronunciations reconstitutions, there can be cross references (using old poems for example) and cross-checkings to elaborate theories about old phonetics.
	www.chinese-forums.com /showthread.php?t=1771&page=2&pp=10 (1361 words)

	Kangxi dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It was completed and published in 1716 and named in honour of the Emperor.
		The dictionary contains some 47,000 plus entries, with Chinese characters ordered under 214 radicals together with the pronunciation in traditional fanqie spelling, together with references to books, works and dictionaries which contain the entry character.
		It also contained rime tables with characters ordered under rime classes, tone, and initial syllable sounds.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/K/Kangxi-dictionary.htm (165 words)

	Hsu, Wen: The first step toward phonological analysis in Chinese: fanqie - LanguageServer - University of Graz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Hsu, Wen: The first step toward phonological analysis in Chinese: fanqie - LanguageServer - University of Graz
		Hsu, Wen: The first step toward phonological analysis in Chinese: fanqie
		Title: The first step toward phonological analysis in Chinese: fanqie
	languageserver.uni-graz.at /ls/art?id=1584 (46 words)

	Thirteen Methods of Vocalization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Xingsi yin of most > rhymes, namely, gui yin, can > be marked by Chinese > characters, but some can only > be spoken as there are no > such corresponding words for > their xingsi yin.
		Zhao > Yuanren, a modern Chinese > phonologist once said: fanqie > yu is to be spoken, not > written.
		With the rules of > additional sounds, fanqie yu > of any words can be plumed > out.
	www.lyricalline.com /cgi-bin/lyricalline/theforum/musicians.pl?read=934 (14108 words)

	San Francisco Fog (Dom's Blog) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		so i somehow managed to commit myself to digitizing all the fanqie spellings from the 廣韻 (a Sung-dynasty rhyme book) as part of my masters degree.
		That has since been downgraded to inputting only the ones that are easily typeable, but it's still a massive sort of undertaking.
		Dominic etches out a circle and punches out a clear hole to see through.
	blyt.net /blog/2004_09_01_archive.html (615 words)

	phorum - Chinese Culture Forum at Asiawind - Re: Mondlango and Protecting the Diversity of Languages
		English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Swede all use Roman characters (full and miniscule) I believe (with small modifications like accente grave, etc).
		Just because say Wu Chinese is written with Chinese characters means nothing, because these characters are usually fanqie (used only for sound) and are meaningless to non-speakers of Wu (as can be seen from Thomas's little quizzes).
		And because of PRC policies (standardizing only Mandarin vernacular for writing), the average person does not write Wu Chinese down on paper anyway.
	www.asiawind.com /forums/read.php?f=2&i=2612&t=2510&v=t (188 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		An example of Fanqie spelling information given in DOC is
		The colouration in the converted HTML version will have all entries in blue.
		The structure of the Fanqie spelling is as follows
	www.dylanwhs.ukgateway.net /download/doc-more.htm (2274 words)

	Chifanle meiyou? -- “Have you eaten?”
		Another old proverb informs us that barbarians "eat birds and animals raw" (rumao yinxue).
		In China, even lettuce and tomatoes are cooked, the former as braised greens and the latter often in a dish of scrambled eggs and tomatoes (fanqie chaodan).
		The exception is fruit, often provided as a last course in China.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/jlipman/chifanlemeiyou.htm (3689 words)

	UniLang // View topic - Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation Guide
		"Bopomofo" is not the archaic system, I think you mean to say "fanqie" is!
		Again, your words lack research on the matter, so how can you write like an expert?
		It's not going to disappear as fast as you think.
	home.unilang.org /main/forum/viewtopic.php?p=63729 (845 words)

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