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	Realism - Biocrawler
		Realism is commonly defined as a concern for fact or reality and rejection of the impractical and visionary.
		Realism holds that in pursuit of that security, states will attempt to amass resources, and that relations between states are determined by their relative level of power.
		The theory of maximal realism holds that the most desirable position to be in is that of the hegemon, the most powerful entity in the world, and that smaller entities will align themselves with the hegemon out of political self-interests.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Realism (680 words)

	The Rebirth of Realism; Fantastic Realism,Classical Realism Contemporary Realism & Photo Realism: Contemporary ...
		Realism is commonly applied to a 19th century school of writers and artists; but realism, in it's prime and proper sense, is as old as art and literature themselves, but in the hands of it's most notorious exponents in the 20th century, it quickly degenerated into a connotation of the more sinister features of realism.
		Realism is commonly applied to a 19th century school of writers and artists; but realism, in it's prime and proper sense, is as old as art and literature themselves, but in the hands of it's most notorious exponents, it quickly degenerated into a connotation of the more sinister features of realism.
		Fantastic Realism on the other hand, is born of these movements and tied to them in style and technique, but prefers to explore subjects that are strange or strikingly unusual rather than scenes of everyday life or objects.
	www.howarddavidjohnson.com /realism.htm (7774 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Fantastic realism, a 20th century group of artists in Vienna that combined techniques of the Old Masters with religious and esoteric symbolism.
		Realism (international relations), a set of theories sharing a common theme that the primary motivation of states is the desire for power or security, rather than ideals or ethics.
		Defensive realism, a variant of realism in international relations coined by Stephen Walt, which looks at states as rational players who are the primary actors in world affairs, and that anarchy on the world stage causes states to increase their security, resulting in greater instability.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=realist (1299 words)

	Anthology of World Literature : Section 22 : Overview
		Realism is frequently confused with naturalism, an ancient philosophical term for types of secularism.
		Realism condemned the fantastic, the historical, the remote, the idealized, the unsullied, and the idyllic.
		Realism was less successful in its effort to capture objective and impersonal truth than it was in its efforts to reinvest art and literature with social accountability and to challenge the conventions of Romanticism.
	www.wwnorton.com /nawol/s22_overview.htm (715 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
		The Vienna School of Fantastic Realism is a group of artists founded in Vienna in 1946.
		It was Gütersloh's emphasis on the techniques of the Old Masters that gave the Fantastic Realist painters a grounding in realism (expressed with a clarity and detail some have compared to early Flemish painting) combined with religious and esoteric symbolism.
		Ernst Fuchs (born February 13, 1930) is an Austrian visionary painter, draftsman, printmaker, sculptor, architect, stage designer, composer, poet and singer; one of the founders of the Vienna School of Fantastic Realism.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Vienna-School-of-Fantastic-Realism (549 words)

	Introduction to The Trauma of Gender
		The fantastic narrative answers to that urge when, in its shaping of characters and its development of themes, it demonstrates that to establish a radical distance from the biological other is to deny that kind of otherness in the self: to reject it altogether is to undergo a form of psychic mutilation.
		The entombment of fantastic narratives within realistic texts and the burial of the subtexts of fantastic narratives are both symptom and cause of the social intransigence that blocks the personal and cultural work of mourning.
		In his book The Fantastic: A Structural Approach to a Literary Genre, Tzvetan Todorov defines the fantastic as a genre and analyzes it in terms of the hesitation experienced by a person who is familiar with the laws of nature when he or she encounters a supernatural event.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/9126/9126.Intro.html (8496 words)

	Magical Realism: Definitions
		Magical realism is, more than anything else, an attitude toward reality that can be expressed in popular or cultured forms, in elaborate or rustic styles in closed or open structures¼.In magical realism the writer confronts reality and tries to untangle it, to discover what is mysterious in things, in life, in human acts.
		Magical realism, unlike the fantastic or the surreal, presumes that the individual requires a bond with the traditions and the faith of the community, that s/he is historically constructed and connected.
		Magical realism refers to the occurrence of supernatural, or anything that is contrary to our conventional view of reality [it is] not divorced from reality either, [and] the presence of the supernatural is often attributed to the primitive or 'magical' Indian mentality, which coexists with European rationality.
	www.public.asu.edu /~aarios/resourcebank/definitions (1524 words)

	Definition of Magic Realism
		Magic realism fuses (1) lyrical and, at times, fantastic writing with (2) an examination of the character of human existence and (3) an implicit criticism of society, particularly the elite.
		In the broadest terms, the phenomenon that seemed to be spreading through a sector of Spanish American writing was the co- occurrence of realism with fantastic, mythic, and magical.
		Yet in Uslar Pietri's vague, ample usage magical realism was wildly successful in summarizing for many readers their perception of much Spanish American fiction; this fact suggests that the term has its uses, so long as it is not expected to function with the precision expected of technical, scholarly terminology.
	www-english.tamu.edu /pers/fac/andreadis/474H_ahapw/Definition_Magic.Realism.html (316 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		In literature, Magic Realism often combines the external factors of human existence with the internal ones: it is a fusion between scientific physical reality and psychological human reality; it incorporates aspects of human existence such as thoughts, emotions, dreams, cultural mythologies and imagination.
		Nonetheless, a certain person's or group's perception of reality may differ from another's: to the insider, a given magical-realist text can be a relatively accurate depiction of his reality; the same text, however, may appear rather unreal to the outsider, whose perception of reality may differ greatly from the insider's.
		Magic realism is a style of visual art which brings extreme realism to the depiction of mundane subject matter.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=magic_realism (2169 words)

	Art home, view of artist, Andre Martins de Barros, art galleries, french art, work in the US
		The fantastic one is an art with whole share, it makes body with indefinable, of realism to magic, the dream to the nightmare, surrealism to beyond.
		The goal of fantastic is not to darken the glance by frustrations of all kinds, nor to flee us by evoking separate worlds; but on the contrary, us to make travel in the past like in the future while exploiting the limits of our conscience.
		In this direction, the fantastic one is the carapace of the pure heart, a revolutionist who creates what one would like to include/understand and that one does not dare to think by veiling the eyes.
	perso.orange.fr /andr.martinsdebarros/art_home.htm (323 words)

	Boshe (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Their use of magic realism helps to establish that neither side of the binary can be torn free of the other and instead establish a utopian movement to allow both sides of the binary to coexist on an equal level, with neither one dominant.
		In their most polarized forms, "realism" refers to a literary discourse that represents those aspects of the world open to empirical proof, whereas "magic" refers to the literary system that admits the existence of something which can not be empirically proven, the existence of the supernatural.
		Fantastic Realism is occasionally used as a general term to describe any painting technique in which great, perhaps obsessive attention is paid to naturalistic detail in the depiction of the unreal;
	dks.thing.net /Boshe.html (3429 words)

	EN World - Morrus' D&D / 4th Edition / d20 News - Fantasy and Realism...
		I think that realism is really a smokescreen for people who believe that they are looking for depth when they're really just sort of comfortable with something simple and without the requirement of really looking at something.
		Now what real elements should be in a fantasy novel, it depends on the story but the characters, character interaction and dialog should come across as realism, you have to have people believe in those or no matter how fantastic the story the reader will not enjoy the story.
		When one discusses realism in science fiction and fantasy, I believe one must accept that by its very nature, science fiction and fantasy is not 'real.' However, much of it is 'realistic.' In my opinion, when considering fiction (of the printed or filmed type), there is a large difference between real and realistic.
	www.enworld.org /forums/archive/index.php/t-61141.html (3895 words)

	Kate Chopin: Literary Movements of Time
		As are the other prototypical romantic elements of the text: frequent inner thoughts, memories of childhood, the personified sea and its sensuous call, the fantastic talking birds, the mysterious woman in fl, the romantic music playing almost constantly in the background, the dinner party, the gulf spirit, and the desire to express herself through art.
		A deeper, more pessimistic, literary movement called Naturalism grew out of Realism and stressed the uncaring aspect of nature and the genetic, biological destiny of man. Naturalists believed that man's instinctual, basic drives dominated their actions and could not be evaded.
		The novel is also true to the real life aspects of Realism and Naturalism in its forthright dealing with sexual matters: Arobin's seduction, the hot kisses she gives to Robert, Leonce's allusion that they no longer sleep together, the naked man on the rock.
	www.vcu.edu /engweb/eng384/katemove.htm (1197 words)

	Fantasy and Realism: Tolkien, The Eucatastrophe, and Fantastic Realism - The Tolkien Society
		Realist fiction, since the rise of Victorian realism, has been privileged by both scholarly and popular circles, while the "pop-culture" genre of fantasy has fallen into disrepute as escapist, formulaic, and mass-manufactured.
		However, realism and fantasy are not necessarily antagonistic genres, as both contain mimetic impulses and subsequently approach reality, though through different paths.
		Fantasy, because of its disconnection to consensus reality, is able to present joy as realistic and believable.
	www.tolkiensociety.org /ed/theses/ulrich.html (219 words)

	Magic Realism: A Problem
		"Magic Realism" is a term used by critics to describe a mingling of the mundane with the fantastic.
		In this caase magic realism was distinguished by the fact that its practitioners treated the fantastic as normal, without any sense of surprise or amazement.
		This project was completed under the direction of Dr. Leon Litvack as a requirement for the MA degree in Modern Literary Studies in the School of English at the Queen's University of Belfast.
	www.qub.ac.uk /schools/SchoolofEnglish/imperial/india/Magic.htm (891 words)

	wolfgang grasse
		"Fantastic Realism cannot be compared with Surrealism as a garden cannot be compared with a jungle.
		The fantasy of the Surrealist comes from the subconscious without formal order or relation, whereas the Fantastic Realist uses his images selectively.
		He uses old and new symbols to express his art purposefully and to show that the human situation never really changes in its eternal truths.
	members.tripod.com /surreal_fantasticart/wolfgang_grasse (328 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Ernst Fuchs (artist)
		He was also a founding member of the Art-Club (1946), as well as the Hundsgruppe, set up in opposition to it in 1951, together with Friedensreich Hundertwasser and Arnulf Rainer.
		Hundertwasser (left) 1965 in Hannover Hundertwasser 1998 in New Zealand Friedensreich Regentag Dunkelbunt Hundertwasser (born Friedrich Stowasser December 15, 1928 â€“ February 19, 2000) was an Austrian painter and sculptor.
		In 1958 he founded the Galerie Fuchs-Fischoff in Vienna to promote and support the younger painters of the Fantastic Realism school.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ernst-Fuchs-%28artist%29 (2219 words)

	Magic realism at AllExperts
		Magic realism is also a style of visual art which brings extreme realism to the depiction of mundane subject matter.
		Compared to magical realism the fantastical elements of slipstream also tend to be more extravagant, and their existence is usually more jarring to their comparative realities than that which is found in magic realism.
		Today, magical realism is perhaps too broadly used, to characterize all realistic fictions with an eerie, otherworldly component, such as the tales of Edgar Allan Poe, or realistic fictions where magic is simply an overt theme in the narrative, such as The Stepford Wives or the Harry Potter books.
	en.allexperts.com /e/m/ma/magic_realism.htm (1335 words)

	Realism Page in Script Directory at Theatre w/Anatoly
		Ionesco: "Realism, whether it be socialist or not, falls short of reality.
		In practice, Realism is usually more concerned with psychological motives, the “inner reality,” and less committed to achieving a superficial verisimilitude alone.
		Realism or the Realist school and realism - The realistic and natural representation of people, places, and/or things in a work of art.
	script.vtheatre.net /realism.html (3200 words)

	Expert About re:Realism
		Realism, which emphasizes the importance of the ordinary the ordinary person and the ordinary situation, tends to reject the heroic and the aristocratic and embrace the pedestrian, the comic, and the middle class.
		The antiliterary thrust of realism can be taken either as an assertion of the power of the real over the imagined, and hence of a determined world, or as an assertion of the variety and energy against the enclosing and determining forms of art.
		Nancy Huntting, Aesthetic Realism Consultant "I am proud to have seen that Aesthetic Realism is the greatest force for individuality of a true kind as it shows what a person has in common with all people on this diverse earth!".
	www.expertsite.biz /dir/re/realism.htm (2748 words)

	Fantasy and Realism in Victorian Art
		Fantasy is parasitic on realism; or, to state this point less pejoratively, one cannot have fantasy without realism.
		Realism depends upon a peculiar view of the world that implies only things exist.
		Realism, in other words, is a style that embodies philosophic materialism, the belief that only physical materiality exists and that spiritual or philosophical ideas, such as soul, self, and life, all reduce, inevitably, to matter.
	www.victorianweb.org /genre/fant4.html (580 words)

	Realism,Analysis and presentation of the pictorial movement and the style,characteristics,principal ...
		In the middle of the Fifties the surrealist Austrians rub with the psychoanalysis and make their personal analysis, Fantastic Realism was born.
		Soon called " the school Viennese of fantastic realism " by Johann Muschik, historian of art, fantastic realism seeks to represent the conscious one and the unconscious one as indissociable factors which are expressed together.
		The fabrics point out those of surrealism but the realistic fantastic ones studied the psychoanalysis and made their " personal analysis " This enables them to represent into image their subjective experiments and their visions in a controlled rationalist spirit.
	www.peintre-analyse.com /realisme_fantastiqueus.htm (213 words)

	Austrian Information - March-April 2005 - The Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
		The Vienna School of Fantastic Realism was an art movement founded in post-war Austria by a group of young, mostly Austrian artists.
		Fantastic Realism combines religious and esoteric symbolism with elements of psychoanalysis.
		It is rooted in the Jugendstil and New Objectivity, an Expressionist art movement founded in Germany in the aftermath of World War I. Although Fantastic Realism was initially overshadowed by Abstract Art, it soon became accepted as a valid manifestation of modern independent Austrian art.
	www.austrianinformation.org /march-april-2005/2007/2/14/915252.html (950 words)

	Artist Ascending
		Liu Xiuming's use of color reflects the range of her personal spiritual capacity, while the oft-visited subject of her painting, too, has a spiritual, dreamlike and fantastic quality.
		The subject that has earned her fame in Vienna, the art capital of Europe, is the classic metaphor for the human condition: clouds.
		Later, she joined the master classes of Arik Brauer, founder of fantastic realism.
	www.china.org.cn /english/NM-e/124497.htm (625 words)

	Lila » Blog Archive » Dennis Konstantins’ Quantum Realism
		Indeed, the attempt to live according to the notion that the fragments are really separate is, in essence, what has led to the growing series of extremely urgent crises that is confronting us today.
		Your work, which you describe as quantum realism, purports to depict the “constant transformation of matter”, to “make visible the inner Structure of the Object, its underlying form principle… and maybe most important its connection to its surrounding.” I am very inspired by this artistic mission.
		With Art we try to imitate pieces of reality, be it an idea of the construction of reality, emotions or a nice tree we saw yesterday.
	lila.info /?p=19 (1835 words)

	Fantastic realism
		It was von Gutersloh's emphasis on the techniques of the Old Masters that gave the Fantastic Realism painters agrounding in realism (expressed with a clarity and detail some have compared to early Flemish painting) combined with religiousand esoteric symbolism.
		It initially identified itself with surrealism,although there have been some bitter denunciations of it by surrealists and surrealist groups.
		Fantastic Realism is occasionally used as a general term to describe any painting technique in which great, perhaps obsessive attention is paid to naturalistic detail in the depiction ofthe unreal.
	www.therfcc.org /fantastic-realism-50757.html (158 words)

	Netherlands Fantastic Art Museum - beinArt Surreal Art Collective
		In the Netherlands great things are in the making to promote Art which dares to transcend conventional experience of reality and longs to spread its wings in unexplored regions of the mind and imagination.
		The building of this museum for fantastic art is planned at a location in the centre of Holland, very close to the well known castle in Zeist (Utrecht), in a beautiful, and culturally interesting environment.
		Also, in a very special way, his intensive contact and friendship with Ernst Fuchs was important in inspiring him to become a torchbearer and promoter for the fantastic arts in general and to developing a more international vision for his museum project.
	beinart.org /info/netherlands-fantastic-museum.php (571 words)

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