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Topic: Faraizi movement

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	First Partition of Bengal
		The Swadeshi Movement as an economic movement would have been quite acceptable to the Muslims, but as the movement was used as a weapon against the partition (which the greater body of the Muslims supported) and as it often had a religious colouring added to it, it antagonised Muslim minds.
		The greater body of Muslims at all levels remained opposed to the Swadeshi Movement since it was used as a weapon against the partition and a religious tone was added to it.
		The economic aspect of the movement was partly responsible for encouraging separatist forces within the Muslim society.
	www.indhistory.com /first-partition-bengal.html (4610 words)

	Untitled Document
		The ideas of these movements may be traced back to Shah Waliullah (1703-62) of Delhi, who had called for a puritanic reform of Indian Islam, but in Bengal the movements took the form of a peasant revolt.
		It cannot, however, be denied that the movements sharply demarcated the boundaries between a Muslim and a non-Muslim, or, for that matter, between a Muslim belonging to the movement and a Muslim who was not.
		A tangible outcome of this trend was seen in the 1940s in the Tebhaga movement of the Bengal peasantry, based on the demand for a greater share of output for the actual tiller of the land.
	www.amrakojon.org /Anis/anis5.html (1236 words)

	Center on Islam, Democracy and the Future of the Muslim World
		The Mujahidin Movement’s founder Sayyid Ahmed Bareili had been influenced by the teachings of Shaykh Muhammad bin Abdel Wahhab during a pilgrimage to Mecca and had returned to India with the belief that there was a need to purify Islam as it was practiced in India and to reestablish Muslim power.
		The influence of the Mujahidin and Faraizi movements receded as the British gradually dispersed the fruits of modernity and introduced representative institutions among Indians, while simultaneously repressing their militant opponents.
		The Deobandis, as the seminary’s graduates and followers of the movement it inspired are known, attribute the decline of Islamic societies in all spheres of endeavor to Muslims being seduced by an amoral and materialist Western culture, and from assorted Hindu practices believed to have crept into and corrupted the Islamic religion.
	www.futureofmuslimworld.com /research/pubID.38/pub_detail.asp (4672 words)

	Permanent Settlement : Banglapedia Article:Boi-Mela
		The peasant resistance movements took an alarming turn in the 1870s and early 1880s when the peasants in several parts of eastern Bengal made jotes (alliances) among themselves to assert their rights in land and minimise extraction of surpluses by zamindars.
		The most remarkable of the peasant uprisings in this period were the Tushkhali (in Bakerganj) peasant movement (1872-75),pabna peasantuprising (1873), chhagalnaiya (Noakhali) peasant movement (1874), mymensingh tribal peasant movement (1874-1882), munshiganj (Dhaka) peasant movement (1880-81) and mehendiganj (Bakerganj) uprising (1880-81).
		The Faraizis (a Muslim reformist sect) took up the peasants' cause and the faraizi movement established extensive network across the country, particularly in south Bengal, against the zamindari control.
	www.boi-mela.com /Banglapedia/ViewArticle.asp?TopicRef=4128 (6000 words)

	Inretrospect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Bengali peasant support for the various Islamic movements since the early 19th century not only projects the violent, “pre-political” and non-committal aspects of the peasant community, it also suggests how vulnerable Muslim peasants have been to the manipulative leaders who mobilise mass support in the name of Islam or any other ideology.
		The Wahhabi and Faraizi leaders, and especially the most influential Maulana Karamat Ali Jaunpuri (1800-1873), a former Wahhabi-turned-“loyalist” Islamic reformer of the 19th century, brought the syncretistic Bengali Muslims, mainly peasants, into the fold of Sharia-based, orthodox and puritan Islam.
		The Hindu revivalist movements and the anti-Muslim socio-economic and political stand of the bulk of the Hindu elites and middle classes in the 19th and 20th centuries further strengthened the hold of the ulama and their patrons, the ashraf (aristocratic, upper class Muslims), on the Bengali Muslim masses.
	www.weeklyholiday.net /020802/inret.html (3966 words)

	Muslim History 1803-1990 (InterIslamicNet)
		Ibn Saud captured Madinah defeating the Turk garrison; Othman Dan Fodio established Islamic State of Sokoto in Central Sudan; Faraizi movement launched in Bengal.
		Birth of Ali Muhammad Bab founder of Bab movement; British occupied Indonesia.
		Faraizi movement fizzled out after the death of Dadu Miyan.
	members.tripod.com /~bimcrot/sv/chrono7.html (1104 words)

	Retreat And Rage - Page43
		But, in India, a movement was launched against such Islamic practices by the orthodox ulema on the ground that they resembled Hindu practices.
		It was this form of Islam, with the saint cult as its core, that was sought to be rejected in the nineteenth century by a number of movements such as the Ahi-i-Hadith, the Tariqah-i-Muhammadiyah, the Faraizi and the Al-Taaiyuni.
		To call them reform movements, which is how they are generally described, is to miss their avowedly anti-Hindu orientation.
	www.hindubooks.org /HinduPhe/retreat_and_rage/page43.htm (420 words)

	Pakistan Link - Letter & Opinion
		In the first wave were the Mahdi of Sudan (1848-1885); the Wahabis of Saudi Arabia (1703-1792); the Sanusi of Libya (1787-1859) and the Faraizi (1764-1840) and Syed Ahmed Barelvi’s (1786-1831) movements in India.
		In short, these movements are very different from the other-worldly mystical Islam of the sufis; the ritualistic Islam of the conservative mullas and the folk Islam of the common people.
		That is why these revivalist movements are urban-based and appeal to educated people aware of inequality, injustice and colonial exploitation.
	www.pakistanlink.com /letters/2002/Dec/13/01.html (1342 words)

	Uzer.Aur-Jee? -- 1711-1916 CE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Syed Ahmad Barelvi and Shah Ismail leaders of Jihad movement in India fell fighting the Sikhs in Balakot.
		The beginning of the Salafiyyah movement in Paris with it's main sphere of influence in Egypt.
		The beginning of the Young Turks movement in Turkey.
	www.uzer.org /timeline/1711-1916.html (763 words)

	Ecological Debt: Prospective and Consequences on Land
		As a result, throughout the history of rural social movements, land issues have been the focus of various agrarian movements in South Asia as an issue of social justice and equality.
		In addition to these land rights and alienation issues, the land degradation and deprivation caused by neo-liberal policies and programs such as dumping of fertilizers, pesticides and other toxic substances further aggravated the land and livelihoods of rural population and thus the economy of the developing nations.
		Social movements in both South and North have been increasingly counting the losses of land qualities as ecological debt accumulated by Northern industrialized countries towards Southern countries.
	www.jubileesouth.org /journal/prospect.htm (4411 words)

	Torn apart -DAWN Magazine; March 26, 2006
		These movements had their roots in the masses and therefore commanded respect.
		Their language movement which finally became the precursor of a national movement for achieving their rights was criticized and condemned by the rulers.
		But at that point, Mr Tajuddin, who had led the movement in his absence, pulled his kurta and asked him not to dwell on this subject.
	www.dawn.com /weekly/dmag/archive/060326/dmag1.htm (1790 words)

	Islamic Voice - Rajab 1422
		Therefore the contemporary movements, events and issues always left a big scope to be explained in relation to time and society.
		The accounts throw light on how he was conscious of minimizing losses to trade and crop from movement of his troops, the tight control he exercised over administration and how generosity was employed to woo the favour of people and their leaders as the Mughal army marched into the crevices of the Deccan.
		Particularly engaging are the accounts of his treatment of Shahuji, the young son of Sambhaji and grandson of Shivaji, the main challenger of Mughal rule in the Deccan.
	www.islamicvoice.com /october.2001/book.htm (1426 words)

	18-19 Century (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		1811:Birth of Ali Muhammad Bab founder of Bab movement.
		1831:Syed Ahmad Barelvi and Shah Ismail leaders of Jihad movement in India fell fighting the Sikhs in Balakot.
		1862:Faraizi movement fizzled out after the death of Dadu Miyan..
	users.aol.com /_ht_a/iftkhar1398/html/body_18-19_century.html (726 words)

	IMC India - JOURNEY FROM JIHÃD TO JEE-HUZÛRÎ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		This was the Faraizi Movement launched by Shariatullah who also had spent 20 years in Mecca and Medina.
		The nett result of his Aligarh Movement was to convert the Muslim community into a close preserve of toadyism (jee-huzûrî) towards the British.
		7 Narahari Kaviraj, Wahabi And Faraizi Rebels of Bengal, New Delhi, 1982, Pp.
	india.indymedia.org /en/2003/01/2829.shtml (3855 words)

	Faraizi Movement [1830-57] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The first half of the 19th century witnessed a movement known as Faraizi Movement in East Bengal.
		The founder of this movement was Haji Shariatullah.
		His movement was also directed against the oppression of the Zamindars.
	www.storyofpakistan.com /articletext.asp?artid=A022&Pg=1 (244 words)

	19th Century (1800-1899) C.E.
		1811: Birth of Ali Muhammad Bab founder of Bab movement.
		1831: Syed Ahmad Barelvi and Shah Ismail leaders of Jihad movement in India fell fighting the Sikhs in Balakot.
		1862: Faraizi movement fizzled out after the death of Dadu Miyan..
	ourislamonline.tripod.com /crono_19th.htm (516 words)

	Chowk : Ideas & Identities of India Pakistan
		In all the national uprisings from Sanyasi Movement to independence, the files of the Home Department are replete with their immense sacrifices that finally led to the withdrawal of British from India in 1947.
		The Faraizi and the Wahhabi Movements had disturbed the pace of British plan in the initial stages of its expansion in India.
		Then the movement's alliance with some regime, or its capture of power somewhere, led to terror against internal dissent, war with outsiders, and eventually the destruction of the movement.
	www.chowk.com /show_interactor_page.cgi?membername=echoboom (14269 words)

	The Daily Star Web Edition Vol. 5 Num 357
		In the same period it also inspired Titu Mir (a disciple of Sayyid Ahmed) and the Faraizi movement in Bengal and the Moplah movement in Kerala all doomed to failure with many casualties.
		The two principal characters of the book are the leader Mahmud Hasan and his able and trusted lieutenant Obeidullah Sindhi who formed an undercover revolutionary organization to spread over India a pan-Islamic anti-British movement through the alumnis of Deoband and students of Punjab and Peshawar Universities.
		Ten years later in 1922 the caliphate that had stirred Muslim passion was dying and ultimate humiliation was when the last caliph Mehmet IV had to seek British protection on 17 November 1922.
	www.thedailystar.net /2005/05/30/d505301502102.htm (1531 words)

	Amazon.com: "Dudu Mian": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Both the Barasat revolt and the farazi movement were communitarian struggles permeated by...
		The Faraizi movement of Haji Shariatullah and his son Dudu Mian in Bengal called for a return to the Quran but did no more than replace the pir-murid (...
		At the death of Hajji Shari'atallah, his son, Dudu Mian, transformed the Fara'idi from a purely religious body- into a movement of peasant resistance to Hindu and British exploitation.
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Dudu-Mian (538 words)

	Strategic Affairs - Analysis
		The fundamentalist Wahabi and Faraizi movements in the 19th century, brought about Islamic consciousness in the Muslim peasantry of Bengal.
		The establishment of the Muslim League in South Asia which spearheaded the partition of India, took place in Dhaka in 1906, and that communal strife leading to partition was equally strong in Bengal.
		The Jihad movement of Bangladesh under its emir Sheikh Abdul Salam Muhammad is linked to Osama bin Laden.
	www.stratmag.com /issue2Nov-1/page06.htm (3223 words)

	Retreat And Rage - Page31
		On a surface view, the Muslim League's campaign for a separate homeland, culminating in the state of Pakistan in 1947, cannot be clubbed with movements of demarcation and definition such as the Faraizi, Wahhabi, Tablighi and so on.
		Indeed, the memory of having been India's rulers figured prominently in the mental makeup of the leaders and supporters of the Pakistan movement.Even so, the fear of being swallowed back into the Hindu ocean gave it the sweep and power that it acquired even among Muslims who were to stay on in the Indian republic.
		First, while "revolt against hierarchy through Sanskritization implies a withdrawal from tradition....and might eventually accelerate the pace of modernization", Islamization, "as a movement of revivalism of basic virtues in the Islamic tradition...might contribute to greater conservatism by increasing the hold of the religious elites on the population"
	www.hindubooks.org /HinduPhe/retreat_and_rage/page31.htm (191 words)

	The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Editorial
		The records relating to the Indian freedom movement are scattered in India, Germany, Japan, the USA and the UK.
		It is becoming increasingly difficult to write freely on the freedom movement in the country.
		But their love for exclusivity and the attempts like the Faraizi movement in Bengal in the 19th century and the Tariqa-i-Muhammadiya in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar have been widening the gulf.
	www.tribuneindia.com /2002/20020120/edit.htm (7158 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Metro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Nicholas says he could have easily opted for the more lucrative profession of a doctor but a childhood meeting with Indians, who were still a rarity, was the deciding factor.
		So he went to the University of Chicago and in 1958 studied Bengali under Edward C. Dimock, fresh from Calcutta after working on the Chaitanya movement.
		For his field study Nicholas chose villages which had a complete array of castes.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1060703/asp/calcutta/story_6427987.asp (503 words)

	Front Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The nation would not have come into being if the Dhaka University had not existed, he said recalling the role of the university students in the national movements beginning from the Language Movement of 1952 through to the anti-autocracy student uprising in 1980s.
		Professor Nilima Ibrahim was the provost of the hall at that time.’ Former student of geology, Khondker Mosharraf Hossain, now minister for health and family welfare, said the achievement of the past was that there were friendly relations among us despite ideological differences.
		Hemayetuddin of the Islamic Constitution Movement presided over the rally, which was addressed by Azizul Huq Murad, Abdur Raqib, Mohammad Abul Bashar, Habibur Rahman, Mohiuddin Khan and Shah Ahmad Shafi among others.
	www.newagebd.com /2006/feb/25/front.html (7140 words)

	.:: THE BANGLADESH OBSERVER - Net Edition ::. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Again, the members of the Faraizi sect in the 1850s and 1860s refused to pay many illegal ABWABS (tax etc) imposed by zamindars and other landholders, and made an extreme movement called ‘Faraizi Movement’ to force them to accept their demands.
		Influenced by European trade unionist movements, the industrial workers of India had been observing occasional dharmaghat from the first quarter of the twentieth century.
		In every event mentioned earlier, the movement or agitation was to meet the political demand, which was actually the overwhelming public demand of a society or community.
	www.bangladeshobserveronline.com /new/2005/01/14/editorial.htm (3911 words)

	dialognow \| Civil and thoughtful dialog
		The great Indian social reform movement is ignored; the modern values of democracy and secularism that the freedom movement stood for are passed over; Jawaharlal Nehru is either ignored or presented in an unfavourable light; and the Communists are vilified.
		In fact, this glowing praise of the murderous exploits of today's supporters of arch-terrorist bin Laden and his Taliban collaborators, and their holy war against the "evil empire", was issued by US President Ronald Reagan on March 8, 1985.
		As a young man was an adherent of the Yugoslavist philosophy and spoke admiringly of Bishop Josip Strossmayer, one of the founders of Yugoslav intellectual movement.
	www.dialognow.org /node/view/1125 (16649 words)

	Azimuddin Hanafi, Munshi : Banglapedia Article:Boi-Mela
		After studying at the local maktab up to the age of 11, Azimuddin became a disciple of the reformer Moulana karamat ali jaunpuri and later studiedArabic, Persian and Urdu inKolkata and Mumbai.
		He started writing against social prejudices and with the hope of reopening the mosques which had been closed during the faraizi movement and restarting the juma prayers.
		He wanted to bring back people to what he believed was the true path of Islam and to unmask fraudulent pirs.
	www.boi-mela.com /Banglapedia/ViewArticle.asp?TopicRef=383 (254 words)

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