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Senate of Brazil - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In its present configuration, the Brazilian Senate (Portuguese: Senado Federal) is a federal legislative body and the upper house of the National Congress of Brazil. Members of the Senate were elected, but they had to be at least 40 years old and, which was more significant as a limitating factor, an annual income of 800 thousand contos-de-réis was necessary in order to run. The first session of the original Senate took place in May of 1826, following repeated delays from the Emperor in calling the first election after the inception of the 1824 Constitution — which had led to repeated accusations that the Emperor would be attempting to establish an absolutist government for himself. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Federal_Senate_of_Brazil   (432 words)

Politics of Brazil - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Politics of Brazil takes place in a framework of a federal presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Brazil is both head of state and head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Between 1964 and 1985, Brazil was governed by the military in alliance with the civilian economic and social elite. The Federal District is an anomalous unit of the federation, as it is not organized the same manner as a municipality, does not possess the same autonomy as a state (but is ranked among them) and is closely related to the central power. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Politics_of_Brazil   (2552 words)

Brazil - Legislative Branch - Senate, Representatives The Federal Legislative branch is composed by two Houses: the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. Senators are ellected for a eight year term; every four years, either 2/3 or 1/3 of Senate is renovated; in 2002, 1/3 of Senate was renovated. Senators are elected by majoritarian votation: the candidate with most votes is the winner. www.v-brazil.com /government/legislative-branch   (258 words)

Brazil - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article Brazil had been inhabited for at least 10,000 years by semi-nomadic populations when the first Portuguese explorers, led by Pedro Álvares Cabral disembarked in 1500. Brazil and its 26 states and Federal District are divided by IBGE into 5 distinctive regions: North, Northeast, Center-West, Southeast and South (Division by Regions). Brazil is characterized by the extensive low-lying Amazon Rainforest in the north, and a more open terrain of hills and (low) mountains to the south, home to most of Brazil's population and its agricultural base. www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/b/r/a/Brazil.html   (1754 words)

Federal Republic of Brazil Brazil is the largest country in South America, occupying about half of the total surface area of the continent. Brazil is a federal and constitutional republic (the extant constitution goes back to 5 October 1988). In a way the extent of federalism and decentralization in Brazil can be interpreted as a decision of the federal level to solve the problem of diminishing budgetary resources within the context of stabilization and structural adjustment policies. www.ciesin.org /decentralization/English/CaseStudies/brazil.html   (1305 words)

Brazil DEPENDENCIES Brazil has no colonies, but three national territories are contiguous with or incorporated within the national domain. The constitution provides for the creation of a territory from part of an established state, the incorporation of a territory into an established state, or the organization of a territory into a new state if that territory can demonstrate its ability to meet the requirements of statehood. Territorial governors are appointed by the president of the republic, and each territory has one representation in the federal Chamber of Deputies. www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Americas/Brazil-DEPENDENCIES.html   (185 words)

Brazil Brazil is a constitutional federal republic composed of twenty-three states (each of which has a directly elected governor and legislature), three territories and a federal district (Brasília). Brazil remained a colony of Portugal into the early nineteenth century and thus was encompassed by the Inquisitorial tradition. Despite the continuing presence of skinheads in Brazil and their bigoted ideological roots, the nature of skinhead activity seems to indicate that its nature is closer to thuggery than to antisemitism or racism. www.axt.org.uk /antisem/archive/archive1/brazil/brazil.htm   (2397 words)

BRAZIL: parliamentary elections Senado Federal, 2002 Elections were held for two-thirds (54) of the 81 seats in the Senate on the normal expiry of the members' term of office. On 6 October 2002, Brazilians went to the polls to elect a new President together with all the 513 members of the House of Deputies, two-thirds of the 81 members of the Senate and the state governors. Federal troops were sent to the city in an effort to ensure a safe vote at the request of the electoral commission. www.ipu.org /parline-e/reports/arc/2044_02.htm   (595 words)

Brazil Information Center - brazil Brazil is characterized by the extensive low-lying Amazon Rainforest in the north, and a more open terrain of hills and (low) mountains to the south, home to most of Brazil's population brazil flag and its agricultural base. However, brazil travel deals Brazilian economy seems to have detached itself mike goes to brazil from politics and brazil people after a GDP increase of 0.5% in 2003, Brazil has enjoyed a robust growth in 2004 and prospects for 2005 and 2006 indicate moderate growth. The population of the southern states are mainly of European descent, tracing cheap brazil air fares their roots back to the 16th century, but the major immigration flow was during the brazil texas de brazil culture 19th brazil travel and 20th centuries. www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Official_Languages_A_-_C/Brazil.html   (1409 words)

JURIST Brazil - Brazilian law, legal research, human rights Brazil is a federal republic with one federal constitution. It consists of the vice-president of the republic, the presidents of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, the minister of justice, ministers of the army, navy and air force, and the ministers of foreign affairs and planning. Due to jurisdictional and resource limitations, the efforts of the Federal Government to highlight human rights abuses and allocate federal resources to bolster the efforts of the states had limited impact in many of the states where human rights violations are most common. jurist.law.pitt.edu /world/brazil.htm   (963 words)

Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Brazil   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30) Brazil has the world's second largest Christian population (151 million, behind that of the United States), and also is the world's largest Roman Catholic-majority nation in terms of both number of adherents and land mass --- a strong cultural legacy left behind by the Roman Catholic Portuguese colonists. Brazil is characterised by the extensive low-lying Amazon Rainforest in the north and a more open terrain of hills and low mountains to the south — home to most of the Brazilian population and its agricultural base. Brazil's population is mostly concentrated along the coast, with a lower population density in the interior. www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Brazil   (4306 words)

China News : China's top legislator calls for closer China-Brazil ties   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30) He said China's NPC hopes to enhance ties with Brazil's Federal Senate, to exchange experience in lawmaking and supervision and improve coordination and cooperation in international and regional parliamentary organizations. Calheiros said the Brazilian Federal Senate is ready to improve exchanges and cooperation with the Chinese NPC to jointly promote the comprehensive development of bilateral ties. Brazil is the first leg of Wu's three-nation tour in Latin- America. www.keralanext.com /news/?id=830662   (370 words)

Forum of the World's Senates Senators and deputies are subject to re-election every four years, which may have the drawback for the Senate of a total renewal of its membership. In the first legislature, 59 Senators were nominated according to the number of seats held by deputies in the National Assembly, in proportion to the three political parties ; two Senators were nominated by HM the King, as Head of State. In its scrutiny, the Senate refers to the values that are the basis of the rule of law, meaning human rights and the principles of justice, legality and social utility. www.senat.fr /senatsdumonde/english/cri1.html   (10794 words)

City Mayors: Brazil federal, state and local government Brazil’s Congress is bicameral, the Senate containing 81 members (3 from each state) and 513 in the Chamber of Deputies. Government in Brazil’s nearly 5,000 municipalities is structured in a similar way to the state level, with a separation maintained between the executive in the form of a mayor, and the unicameral legislative city council. In contrast to the federal and state level, local elections are held in the second year between presidential, congressional and state elections. www.citymayors.com /government/brazil_government.html   (2135 words)

Brazil Environment Chief a Former Rubbertapper Interviewed today on Globo TV in Brazil, Senator Silva defended international financial contributions for the preservation of the Amazon rainforest but with the guarantee of the Brazilian sovereignty. Senator Silva, who represents the Workers' Party in the state of Acre, was born in the Brazilian Amazon, and spent her childhood making rubber, hunting and fishing to help support the family. In 1996, Senator Silva won the Goldman Environmental Prize for Latin America for her environmental protection of the reserves as well as for social justice and sustainable development in the Amazon region. www.ens-newswire.com /ens/dec2002/2002-12-11-01.asp   (524 words)

GlobaLex - Doing Legal Research in Brazil Guide The autonomy of the States of the Federation is restricted, as are all powers that are explicitly or implicitly not forbidden by the Federal Constitution. The remaining offices of the Board of the National Congress are held alternately by the holders of equivalent offices in the Chamber of Deputies and in the Federal Senate. Nevertheless, the office of President of the Federal Senate must be held exclusively by a native-born Brazilian, for a term of office of two years, reelection being forbidden in the same legislative term. www.nyulawglobal.org /globalex/Brazil.htm   (2858 words)

Bachpan Bachao Andolan Senator Christovam Buarque, the architect of the innovative concept of BOLSA ESCOLA, visited BBA (SACCS) central office on 7th February. Senator Buarque, is set to be the next President of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Federal Senate in Brazil. Senator Christovam Buarque was highly appreciative of the work being done by BBA and the Global March. www.bbasaccs.org /news/senator.php3   (393 words)

Supreme Federal Court - Brazil The Federal Court, with seat in Brasília, is composed by eleven Justices. All Justices are appointed by the President of the Republic, and must be approved by the Federal Senate. The deposits of this fund must be adjusted by inflation rates; the Government, in an attempt to reduce expenditures, adjusted the deposits by the lowest of the several Brazilian inflation indexes (which, for a time, used to be very high). www.v-brazil.com /government/judiciary-branch/supreme-court.html   (829 words)

LLRX.com - Doing Legal Research in Brazil The federal legislative system is bicameral, composed of the Federal Senate (Upper House) and the Chamber of Deputies (Lower House or Federal Chamber), and assisted by the Federal Court of Audit (TCU). The Constitution may be amended on the proposal of at least one-third of the members of the Chamber of Deputies or of the Federal Senate; of the President of the Republic; or of more than one half of the State Legislative Assemblies. It was approved by the Federal Senate in the end of November 2000 and is ready to be voted on by the plenary assembly. www.llrx.com /features/brazil.htm   (10816 words)

Business Objects Customers: Prodasen These projects are accessed according to the federal department or municipality, and viewed based on the expected income for 2005 and the expenses from 2004. For instance, budget consultants from the cabinet and federal legislative organizations were among the first users of the queries-and-analysis reporting functionality. Siga Brazil is currently available for use by government staff as well as other selected users- such as authorized professionals from the Court of Accounts Union and the Ministry of Planning and Public Finances. www.businessobjects.com /company/customers/spotlight/prodasen.asp   (603 words)

The Constitution of Brazil   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30) It shall be incumbent upon the Chairman of the Court which rendered the decision to determine payment according to the amount of the deposit, and to authorize, at the creditor's request and exclusively in the event that his right of precedence is not respected, seizure of the amount required to satisfy the debt. (1) In the Federal Territories, the jurisdiction and duties vested in the federal judges are incumbent upon the judges of the local courts, according to the law. The Attorney of the States and of the Federal District perform judicial representation and legal counselling for their respective federated units, organized into a career, admission into which depends on a public competitive examination of tests and titles, with due regard for the provisions of Article 135. www.helplinelaw.com /law/constitution/brazil/brazil04.php   (11603 words)

Top legislator calls for closer China-Brazil ties BRASILIA - China's top legislator Wu Bangguo urged China and Brazil on Wednesday to develop a closer relationship during his talks with Brazil's President of Federal Senate Renan Calheiros. China's top legislator Wu Bangguo (L) holds talks with Renan Calheiros (R), President of Federal Senate of Brazil during their meeting in Brasilia of Brazil, Aug. 30, 2006. Brazil is the first leg of Wu's three-nation tour in Latin-America. chinadaily.com.cn /china/2006-08/31/content_678326.htm   (424 words)

Fernando Henrique Cardoso—Learning From Brazil: The Politics of Responding to HIV/AIDS in Brazil, China, and India : ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30) Since Brazil's aggressive campaign against AIDS in the early 1990s, the number of mortality rates and infections has dissipated quickly, highlighting the government and civil society's successful involvement in providing several preventive and medical treatment programs. Cardoso, the former president of Brazil, is a Brown University professor-at-large for a five-year term. Meanwhile, in Brazil, drug usage is not considered a crime, though it is connected to larger problems of violence and corruption. www.watsoninstitute.org /events_detail.cfm?id=346   (1527 words)

OPCAT in Brazil and other federal states   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30) To address this issue, the APT hosted a seminar in Sao Paulo, Brazil from 22 to 24 June 2005 with the Center for Justice and International Law (CEJIL) and the Comissão Teotônio Vilela (CTV). Brazil, which signed the OPCAT on 13 October 2003, has a complex range of existing monitoring mechanisms which must be strengthened to meet with OCPAT criteria, or a new mechanism established. The APT-CEJIL delegation were informed that, in spite of considerable interest for the OPCAT throughout the political spectrum, early ratification looks unlikely in light of recent difficulties faced by the ruling coalition in the country. www.apt.ch /advocacy/brazil.shtml   (381 words)

Libraries, Archives: Brazil : Selected Internet Resources (Portals to the World, Library of Congress) The most important source for bibliography of books and articles concerning Brazil is the annual Handbook of Latin American Studies (http://lcweb2.loc.gov/hlas/) produced by over 160 contributing editors under the editorship of the Hispanic Division of the Library of Congress. One of the major aggregators for links to a wide variety of subjects relating to Brazil is the University of Texas' LANIC (http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/brazil/). For Brazil there are links to health-related topics including bioethics, sciences and health, parasitic diseases, public health, toxicology, national initiatives, and more. www.loc.gov /rr/international/hispanic/brazil/resources/brazil-libraries.html   (831 words)

Brazil's Bill on Access to Genetic V - the domesticated and semi-domesticated crops in Brazil. To ensure compliance with the provisions of this Act, the Federal Government shall appoint an agency of the Direct Administration to carry out the functions of competent authority and to be responsible for authorizing access to genetic resources. The competent authority may sign contracts of access to genetic resources which are deposited in ex situ conservation centers located in the Brazilian territory, or in other countries, provided that Brazil is the country of origin of the resources. www.lclark.edu /org/ielp/brazilgenetic.html   (5669 words)

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