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Topic: Fellfield

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Alpine climate

Geography of India

	Intraspecific Variations in Seedling Emergence and Survival of Potentilla matsumurae (Rosaceae) between Alpine ...
		In the Taisetsu Mountains in northern Japan the fellfield is a hostile habitat: the wind prevents accumulation of snow, the soil is frozen in winter, severe wind-chill occurs well into the spring (although there can also be very warm days) and plants are subject to drought stress in summer.
		By contrast, in the snowbeds of the Taisetsu Mountains, plants are protected from frost damage and, because of the water from the melting snow, from summer drought.
		Seed lots from the fellfield plants exhibited sporadic germination, indicating variation in depth of dormancy, and consistent with adaptation to a habitat in which conditions in spring are very variable: early germinators, emerging when the soil temperature reaches about 5 degrees C, may later be damaged or even killed by a cold snap.
	aob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/91/1/21/DC2 (346 words)

	Fellfield - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A fellfield or fell field comprises the environment of a slope, usually alpine or tundra, where the dynamics of frost (freeze and thaw cycles) and of wind give rise to characteristic plant forms in scree interstices.
		The freeze-thaw cycles tend to push plants out of the soil.
		In addition, the high porosity of the soil makes a fellfield a difficult place for plants to grow.
	en.wikipedia.org /?title=Fellfield (91 words)

	Lab Study on freeze-thaw cycles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Complete ecosystem plant/soil cores taken to a soil depth of approximately 3 cm from an arctic/alpine low-altitude dry heath and a high-altitude fellfield were artificially exposed to repeated 24 hour freeze-thaw cycles over a period of 17 days.
		Although microbial mineralization had been high and substantial plant growth had taken place in the plant/soil cores prior to the start of the freeze-thaw experiment, the consistency of the results with earlier investigations suggests that this source of error is small.
		The responses to multiple freeze-thaw cycles in heath and fellfield soils observed in this study were surprisingly similar, in spite of the natural ecosystem differences, i.e.
	hjem.get2net.dk /klaussl/papIII.htm (409 words)

	Intraspecific Variations in Seedling Emergence and Survival of Potentilla matsumurae (Rosaceae) between Alpine ...
		Intraspecific Variations in Seedling Emergence and Survival of Potentilla matsumurae (Rosaceae) between Alpine Fellfield and Snowbed Habitats -- SHIMONO and KUDO 91 (1): 21 -- Annals of Botany
		fellfields to snowbeds in alpine regions of Japan.
		sensitivity of seeds from the fellfield and snowbed populations
	aob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/91/1/21 (261 words)

	Alpine Slides
		The typical alpine landscape is a checkerboard-like arrangement of alpine meadow interspersed with fellfield and boulder fields.
		Fellfield means "rock field" or "stone field" which is alpine land that is 35% to 50% rock-covered and which supports lichens, mosses, and cushion plants (covered below).
		This seral stage is between fellfield and the alpine climax meadow.
	www.tarleton.edu /~range/Alpine/alpine-slides.htm (7863 words)

	Environmental Studies Theses, 2001, David Levin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		One of the mapped communities, fellfield, is composed of three lichen species that grow on broken bedrock blocks.
		The fellfield community, although studied little, is an important consideration for alpine area management.
		Analyses over the entire alpine zone show that fellfield growth is dependant on the dominant bedrock type of the alpine zone, the Littleton Formation.
	abacus.bates.edu /acad/depts/environ/curriculum/theses01/levin.htm (403 words)

	Ecology: Responses In Microbes And Plants To Changed Temperature, Nutrient, And Light Regimes In The Arctic
		At the fellfield, the soil was sampled on 27 June, 23 July, and 30 August.
		* Element contents of the fellfield are for the entire humus layer, with an average depth of 2.7 cm; contents of the heath are for the upper 10 cm.
		Warming led to a strong increase of inorganic P at the heath and tended to increase N[[H.sub.4].sup.+] at the fellfield.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2120/is_6_80/ai_56022610/pg_2 (1374 words)

	Peter le Roux
		This species is dominant in the fellfield vegetation type, which covers about half of the ice-free land surface in the sub-Antarctic.
		Fellfield, otherwise known as wind desert, is a harsh environment.
		We hope that by the end of this project we will have a much more complete understanding of the fellfield ecosystems, as well as the ability to predict what effects climate change is likely to have on fellfield communities.
	academic.sun.ac.za /consecol/students/leroux/leroux.html (786 words)

	Mycorrhizal Citations
		The natural abundance of the nitrogen isotope 15, delta(15)N, was analysed in leaves of 23 subarctic vascular plant species and two lichens from a tree-line heath at 450 m altitude and a fellfield at 1150 m altitude close to Abisko in N. Sweden, as well as in soil, rain and snow.
		Their leaf delta(15)N was between -8.8 and -5.5 parts per thousand at the heath and between -6.1 and -3.3 parts per thousand at the fellfield.
		The leaves of ectomycorrhizal plants had slightly higher delta(15)N (fellfield) and N concentration than leaves of the ericoids, and Betula nana, Dryas octopetala and Salix spp.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/1996/96_miche4.htm (415 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra (NA1112)
		Föhn winds are warm, dry air masses that blow from the ice cap to the coast and that are able to raise temperatures by 10-20°C, removing and melting snow (Böcher and Petersen 1997).
		The dry, open dwarf-shrub heaths and fellfield vegetation of Arctostaphylos alpina, Dryas octopetala, Salix arctica, and Silene acaulis are crucial foraging areas for muskox in winter due to a sparse snow cover (Böcher and Petersen 1997).
		Coastal vegetation is Cassiope heath, fellfield, and mossy swamps.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/na/na1112_full.html (2665 words)

	Mycorrhizal Citations
		We conclude that both warming and increased soil nutrient availability stimulated the growth of C. tetragona at the fellfield whereas at the heath there was a clear increase in production only if enhanced temperature was combined with nutrient application.
		Across treatments C. tetragona at the fellfield had 0.6 parts per thousand higher delta(13)C and 1.4 mg g(-1) more leaf N, and the soil organic matter delta(13)C was 1.0 parts per thousand higher at the fellfield than at the heath.
		Increased biomass and chlorophyll concentration of C. tetragona in warmed plots points to increased assimilation, at least at the fellfield.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/1996/96_miche3.htm (239 words)

	Ecoscience
		Abstract: Responses in shoot growth and activation of new meristems of dominant dwarf shrubs were measured after six years of shading or temperature enhancement with and without NPK fertilizer addition to a heath and a fellfield 450 m above sea level and 1150 m above sea level, respectively, in northern Sweden.
		Fertilizer addition stimulated both the growth of individual shoots and meristem activation at the fellfield, but stimulated only activation of new meristems at the heath, which led to increased leaf area index and leaf biomass per ground area.
		Temperature enhancement at the fellfield generally increased shoot growth and meristem activation and explained more of the total experimental variance than the fertilizer addition.
	www.ecoscience.ulaval.ca /catalogue/E_detail.php?retour=46&id=416 (364 words)

	Ecology: Effects of interannual climate variation on phenology and growth of two alpine forbs
		Although many tundra species are well adapted to growth even at very low temperatures (Chapin and Shaver 1985), these species are still temperature-limited in the sense that increases in temperature often result in increased growth and greater stature (Scott 1977, Walker 1987).
		The strongest relationship between climate and leaf length in this study was for Acomastylis rossii in the fellfield community, which has the lowest soil moisture values (Taylor and Seastedt 1994, Walker et al.
		In fellfield, our data indicated that soil moisture was the most important variable in explaining leaf length in that community.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2120/is_n4_v76/ai_17087644/pg_4 (1448 words)

	nwt clim
		The main plant communities are classified as dry fellfield tundra, dry and moist tundra, moist tundra, wet tundra, shrub tundra, moist shrub tundra, and snowbed and scree vegetation.
		Their variations in type and productivity tend to be related to marked soil moisture gradients which, in turn, are related to the location of semi- permanent snow banks.
		Life in the aquatic systems is influenced by the presence of surface ice in the winter and by the pronounced flushing during the late spring melt period.
	intranet.lternet.edu /archives/documents/Publications/climdes/nwt/nwtclim.htm (766 words)

	[No title]
		The alpine fellfield has soils of cinders on loose substrate, that are very gravelly sandy loams; with a pH of 6.6 (19).
		The alpine fellfield is dominated by San Francisco Peaks groundsel and it does not occur in the other two alpine habitats of alpine boulder Habitat Associations - 1 field and alpine meadow except in instances where conditions are similar to the fellfield.
		Generally snow accumulation is light and the microclimate is typical fellfield.
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /WWW/esis/lists/e702008.htm (3607 words)

	Spence - Seed rain in the alpine zone, Craigiebum Range (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Seed rain in grassland, herbfield, snowbank, and fellfield in the alpine zone, Craigieburn Range, South Island, New Zealand
		Abstract Seed rain studies were conducted in 1988 and 1989 in the Craigieburn Range, South Island, using pit traps in four alpine plant communities: fellfield, snowbank, herbfield, and snow tussock grassland.
		Seeds and fruits from a total of 34 species were trapped, and the average number trapped over two seasons was 1921 m~2.
	www.rsnz.org /publish/nzjb/1990/41.php (236 words)

	Los Padres National Forest - Botanical Resources
		This climate coupled with elevational changes creates a unique assemblage of plant communities in which chaparral dominates, yet also offers a tremendous diversity ranging from pinyon-juniper woodland to coastal redwood forest.
		Of particular interest is a group of specialized plants that grow only on serpentine soils; a nutrient poor substrate not suitable for most plants.
		Fellfields can be characterized as undulating flats and gentle slopes covered with rock or gravel.
	www.fs.fed.us /r5/lospadres/about/resources/botanical (1394 words)

	Seedling demography in an alpine ecosystem -- Forbis 90 (8): 1197 -- American Journal of Botany
		fellfield, dry meadow, moist meadow, and wet meadow.
		Map of plots used to study the demography of naturally occurring seedlings from 1998 to 2001 at Niwot Ridge, Colorado.
		Survival of seedlings in dry meadow (DM), fellfield (FF), moist meadow (MM), and wet meadow (WM) at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, 1998 through 2001.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/90/8/1197 (6387 words)

	Leave No Trace - What is your wilderness management agenda? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Presented here (fig 1) is a comparison between two of the vegetation types, a herbaceous forest understory (dominated by Arnica cordifolia (Arnica)) and an alpine fellfield (dominated by grasses and sedges) after 2 years of applied trampling.
		The results from our trampling experiments in the Wind River Range indicate that the alpine areas we examined are very resistant to trampling, even at high rates, while forest understory plots are highly susceptible to trampling (fig.
		The forest understory is virtually void of vegetation after 500 passes, while the alpine fellfield shows a minimal increase in bare ground with even 1000 passes.
	archive.lnt.org /LNTPublications/Newsletter/NewsltrTrampling.php (1188 words)

	Working papers about the Natural and Physical Resources of the Waitaki catchment by locality - 7 Mid Catchment ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Good example of transition from snow tussock to fellfield and a Festuca matthewsii com Black Rocks has only known occurrence of Celmisia rumulosa in the district and largest population of Aciphylla dobsonii.
		The fellfields and cushionfields of the broad ridge and spur crests are representative of the alpine bioclimatic zone of the whole district while the sequence of cirque lakes and associated wetlands and the tussockland on the broad alpine valley floor of Clear Stream are unique.
		RAP H4: A triangular area which contains an altitudinal sequence from low-alpine tussockland to montane shrubland and tussockland, and represents the landform and vegetation of the upper Otematapaio Valley.
	www.mfe.govt.nz /publications/water/waitaki-natural-physical-resources-feb05/html/page7.html (1959 words)

	NOLS - Response of five native plant communities to trampling in the Wind River Range, Wyoming, USA.
		Plant communities included both woody and herbaceous forest understories, a subalpine meadow dominated by graminoids, an alpine grass community and an alpine fellfield.
		Experimental plots (0.5m x 1.5m) were subjected to trampling mid growing season at the rate of 25, 75, 200 and 500 passes, with the exception of the alpine fellfield and the alpine grass community that, instead of 25 passes, received 800 and 1000 passes respectively.
		Alpine communities exhibited the least decrease in plant cover while both forest understory communities showed significant decreases with as little as 25 passes.
	www.nols.edu /resources/research/Monz_etal.1994a.shtml (288 words)

	ESA 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		ABSTRACT- Alpine plants are often generalized as having relatively high concentrations of total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC).
		To gain insight into the functional significance of these high TNC levels, we have measured the seasonal variation in carbohydrates among 12 grass and forb species occurring in fellfield communities at the Niwot Ridge LTER site in Colorado.
		As was reported in previous studies, the majority of TNC in alpine leaves was dominated by soluble carbohydrates.
	abstracts.co.allenpress.com /pweb/esa2001/document?ID=27010 (231 words)

	Habronattus Habitats
		Spiders fairly common on grassy, shallow slopes with small (quarter-sized) volcanic rocks.
		Alpine Fellfield, near West Boulder Lake, Siskiyou County, CA.
		Spiders representing a range of phenotypes collected in short grass/rocks, both in and adjacent to open fellfield.
	www.bio.sdsu.edu /pub/spiders/NewFiles/habs.html (730 words)

	(ed
		Davey, M.C. The seasonal periodicity of algae on Antarctic fellfield soils.
		The spatial distribution of microalgae on Antarctic fellfield soils.
		Primary colonization by microalgae in relation to spatial variation in edaphic factors on Antarctic fellfield soils.
	www.soilcrust.org /bibliography/CrustBibliography_111904.htm (8808 words)

	Niwot Ridge LTER Saddle Noda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Brown tones on the western half of the Saddle represent talus and mostly barren areas.
		Fellfield (indicated in red tones on figure above)
		second most extensive vegetation type on Saddle (27%); slightly more snow accumulation than fellfield; moisture regime similar to fellfield; highest number of herbaceous dicotyledons (and highest number of species), but dominated by monocotyledons (e.g., Kobresia myosuroides); other characteristic species include Selaginella densa and Acomastylis rossii [~125K photo and caption]
	culter.colorado.edu /Niwot/Niwot_Ridge_LTER_noda.html (319 words)

	Alpine Fellfield (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Reaching into the upper limits of meadow vegetation, alpine fellfields (rocky expanses) and heath meadows make habitats for hardy plant communities.
		Cushion-shaped plants and other compact growth forms defy 10-month snow cover, nightly summer freezing, pounding winds, and wind-blown ice, sheltered and protected by fellfield stones.
		Some of Earth's oldest living communities, the pink and white heathers, have been thriving in the upper meadows for more than seven thousand years.
	www.nps.gov /mora/interp/pvr/alpfel.htm (96 words)

	[No title]
		Estimates of annual primary production were made from clip harvests taken within 10 permanently marked plots representing five plant communities.
		The names of the plant communities (noda) and the associated plot numbers were as follows: fellfield (1 and 12), dry meadow (2 and 11), moist meadow (3 and 10), wet meadow (7 and 9), and snowbed (16 and 19).
		Maps showing the location of these plots can be found in the JFREA plant laboratory hard copy filing cabinet.
	culter.colorado.edu:1030 /exec/.extracttoolA?primprod.mw (1032 words)

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