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Topic: Fennoscandian Shield

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	Shield (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Baltic Shield The Baltic Shield (or Fennoscandian Shield) is a segment of the Earth's continent with a thickness of 250...
		Shield (disambiguation) There are a number of uses for the word shield : A shield is a protective device, meant to inter...
		Shield laws Shield laws are laws that are passed by some states in order to protect the reporters' right to keep their s...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/shield.html (573 words)

	Baltic shield. Who is Baltic shield? What is Baltic shield? Where is Baltic shield? Definition of Baltic shield. ...
		The Baltic Shield (or Fennoscandian Shield) is a segment of the Earth's crust belonging to the East European Craton, representing a large part of Scandinavia, northwestern Russia and the northern Baltic Sea.
		The scouring and compression of the Baltic Shield by glacial movements created the area's many lakes and streams, the land retaining only a thin layer of sandy sediment collected in depressions: Vast forests of pine dominate, clearly demarcating its boundaries.
		Because of its similarity to the Canadian Shield and cratons of southern Africa and Western Australia, the Baltic Shield had long been a suspected source of diamond and gold.
	www.knowledgerush.com /kr/encyclopedia/Baltic_shield (440 words)

	Baltic Shield - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Baltic Shield (or Fennoscandian Shield) is a segment of the Earth's crust belonging to the East European Craton, representing a large part of Fennoscandia, northwestern Russia and the northern Baltic Sea.
		The Baltic Shield is divided into five provinces : the Svecofennian and Sveconorwegian (or Southwestern gneiss) provinces in Fennoscandia, and the Karelian, Belmorian and Kola provinces in Russia.
		Because of its similarity to the Canadian Shield and cratons of southern Africa and Western Australia, the Baltic Shield had long been a suspected source of diamonds and gold.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Baltic_Shield (473 words)

	GO 568 Northern Europe I
		Precambrian -- Crystalline rocks of the Fennoscandian Shield represent several episodes of crustal formation and deformation during the Archean and Proterozoic.
		The southernmost outcrops of shield rocks are on the Danish island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea.
		Basement (shield) rocks extend beneath largely undeformed younger sedimentary strata of the southern and eastern Baltic region.
	academic.emporia.edu /aberjame/struc_geo/euro_north/euro1.htm (979 words)

	genesis of the earliest (3.20--2.83 ga) terranes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		During this phase, oceanic plateaus and island arcs were formed near, to be accreted onto, the western and eastern margins of the ancient Vodlozero core.
		Archean continental crust of the Fennoscandian shield is shown to have formed through both progressive addition of sialic crust over time, mainly at convergent boundaries of ancient plates, and via reworking of ancient fragments, which involved input of juvenile material resulting from rising mantle plumes.
		The main outcome of this mechanism was massive inflow of high-temperature magma into the lithosphere forming within-crust layers of "asthenosphere," in which granite melts originated, eventually to migrate to shallower levels.
	www.agu.org /WPS/rjes/abstract/v05/abjes118.htm (525 words)

	Magnetic anisotropy and paleomagnetism of precambrian rocks in the Fennoscandian shield
		Paleomagnetism was used to look for eventual geographical differences in time of the intrusions and also to identify new areas in the shield intruded by the CSDG.
		On basis of AMS data the width of the Storsjön-Edsbyn deformation zone is estimated at 10 — 12km in its central-southern part and 20 — 25km in its northern part.
		The compressive stress field from the present SSW indicated in this study could be related to an initial stage of plate collision between the southwestern Scandinavian subprovince and older parts of the Fennoscandian Shield.
	epubl.luth.se /1402-1544/2001/32 (653 words)

	124
		In the northern Baltic Shield extensive reworking of the Archean basement occurred between 2.45 and 1.8 Ga. The earliest episodes of reworking were associated with rifting and formation of volcanic-sedimentary basins, whereas, the later stages related to accretion of juvenile Svecofennian terranes in the south and collisional orogeny in the north in the Lapland-Kola belt.
		Integrated studies of the geochronology, geochemistry and palaeomagnetism of Palaeoproterozoic dyke swarms are aimed at identifying various dyking events in the eastern Fennoscandian Shield and their relationship to economically important layered intrusions and ophiolites, and at establishing the earliest part of the Proterozoic apparent polar wander path for Fennoscandia.
		The beginning of the fragmentation of the Archaean Karelian craton was a turnover in the tectonic history of the northern Fennoscandian shield.
	camb.demonhosting.co.uk /JConfAbs/4/124.html (16713 words)

	HomePage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The domain of SVKALAPKO is the Fennoscandian Shield, whose Archean core parts exist at least since about 2.6 Ga and which assumed its present configuration about 1.5 Ga ago.
		However, we know from paleomagnetic evidence that the shield has a long history of drifting in spite of its long-term stability.
		The seismic experiment took place in southern Finland which is traversed by a suture zone separating Proterozoic crust in the south from Archean crust in the north.
	www.geophysik.uni-frankfurt.de /~wolle/svekalapko.htm (776 words)

	New digital compilations of geological and geophysical data within the Fennoscandian Shield of northern Europe
		A broad overview of the major geological units of the shield area and its surroundings is provided by two inset maps at the scale 1:15 million.
		Finally, twelve small time-space diagrams are included to highlight the successive growth of the shield area throughout nearly 2300 million years of earth history.
		The central part of the shield area is characterised by a smooth gravity anomaly low that correlates with present day land uplift.
	www.gsf.fi /domestic/lehtiin/2003/lt030609_eng.htm (844 words)

	Rapakivi granite and basic dykes in the Fennoscandian shield: a palaeomagnetic analysis
		Rapakivi rocks and basic dykes in the central part of Sweden have been subject to a palaeomagnetic study with the aim of putting the formation of these rocks into a plate tectonic context.
		Virtual geomagnetic poles were calculated and found to be distributed around the Jotnian Loop of the APWP of Fennoscandia.
		Paleolatitudes for the shield at the time of the intrusions were determied to a range from the equator to a 30 degrees North and a hot spot origin was tested as a model for the origin of the rapakivi rocks.
	epubl.luth.se /1402-1544/1998/40 (213 words)

	early precambrian mafic rocks of the fennoscandian shield (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The analysis of radiometric ages of Early Precambrian basites of the Fennoscandian shield, from the most ancient ones, > 3.1 Ga, to 2.40 Ga, resolves five age groups of the basites.
		The Early Proterozoic high-T mafic magmatism at 2.50-2.41 Ga was both the most areally extensive and continuos such episode in the Fennoscandian shield.
		Nearly all the researchers of the high-T basites of this stage attribute this magmatism to the ascent of a deep mantle super-plume.
	www.agu.org /WPS/rjes/abstract/v05/abjes126.htm (216 words)

	Aeromagnetic and petrophysical investigations applied to tectonic analysis in the northern Fennoscandian shield
		Aeromagnetic and petrophysical investigations applied to tectonic analysis in the northern Fennoscandian shield.
		Integrated studies of aeromagnetic, gravity, petrophysical and geological data were applied to tectonic analysis of a Precambrian granite and gneiss area in the northern Fennoscandian shield, with a particular emphasis on the magnetic method.
		The aim was to analyze the contribution of various tectonic events to the magnetization of high grade gneisses and granitoids in the southeastern part of Finnish Lapland.
	www.gsf.fi /info/tr145abse.html (513 words)

	Karelia Workshop
		GEODE-Fennoscandian shield field workshop on Palaeoproterozoic and Archaean greenstone belts and VMS districts in the Fennoscandian Shield to be held in Russian Karelia 10–16 September, 2001
		annual field workshop organised by the GEODE-Fennoscandian shield workgroup on Palaeoproterozoic and Archaean greenstone belts and VMS districts in the shield to be held in Russian Karelia, 10–16 September, 2001.
		The aim of the field workshop is to bring earth scientists together who are interested in research on the metallogeny and tectonic evolution of greenstone belts and volcanogenic massive sulphide districts within the Fennoscandian Shield, Greenland and Ukraine.
	www.gl.rhbnc.ac.uk /geode/Karelia.html (1326 words)

	Suomen kansallinen litosfäärikomitea
		The Fennoscandian rapakivi granite province is studied as a candidate for rift-related magmatism in an aborted Baltic Sea paleorift originating from a Subjotnian mantle plume (A. Korja, Univ. Helsinki).
		Studies on continental reconstructions between the Fennoscandian Shield and other cratons during Proterozoic were continued and show connections between the Canadian and Amazonian Shields throughout the Palaeo- and Meso-proterozoic.
		The profiles are planned to unravel the deep structure of the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ), which separates the Precambrian terranes of the Baltic Shield and the East European Craton from the younger terranes to south.
	www.seismo.helsinki.fi /ilp/ann2001.html (2331 words)

	Annika Kalmus - Biographical Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Microorganisms are widespread in the earth subsurface and have been observed in fractures in both terrestrial and subseafloor igneous rock.
		Subsurface microorganisms in the Fennoscandian Shield have been studied for many years at Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory in southeastern Sweden and Stripa mine in central Sweden.
		The purpose of this research is to study groundwater microbial population at geographically distant sites from a wide range of depth in the Fennoscandian shield.
	www.gmm.gu.se /groups/pedersen/cv.php?cvID=13 (111 words)

	Suomen kansallinen litosfäärikomitea
		E xperiment) was launched by a national consortium (Geological Survey of Finland, Institute of Seismology of the University of Helsinki, Institute of Geosciences and the Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory of the University of Oulu) for the period of 2001 to 2005.
		The study objects comprise granitic intrusions and mafic dyke swarms at Lake Ladoga area in Russia, where paleomagnetic studies, coupled with geochemical and isotope age data are aimed to investigate the geological evolution of the southern Fennoscandian Shield after the Svecofennian orogeny.
		Studies on continental reconstructions between the Fennoscandian Shield and other cratons during Proterozoic were continued and show connections between the Canadian, Amazonian and perhaps Congo-Sao Fransico Shields throughout the Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic.
	www.seismo.helsinki.fi /ilp/ann2002-2003.html (3117 words)

	Projects
		Electromagnetic and seismic soundings are aimed at imaging the geological and tectonic structure of the Earth´s lithosphere, especially in the Finnish part of the Fennoscandian (Baltic) Shield.
		Goals: Determination of the deep structure of the Earth´s lithosphere and asthenosphere in the central Fennoscandian Shield: integrated interpretation of geophysical and geological data along the SVEKA research corridor as a part of the GGT/SVEKA studies.
		The results are used in interpreting the seismic velocity structure of the Fennoscandian Shield.
	www.gf.oulu.fi /geophysics/projectmenu.html (1809 words)

	[No title]
		In the Nordic countries mining has been, and still is, one of the key factors for the economic success of the countries.
		By bringing research groups together under the GEODE-umbrella we seek to improve co-operation and the generation of innovative and challenging ideas on ore genesis in the Fennoscandian shield.
		We intend to communicate and cooperate closely with the mining and exploration industry to ensure that new ideas and inferences applicable on exploration and mining are implemented as rapidly as possible.
	www.ngu.no /prosjekter/GEODE/RogConference2001_FirstCircular.htm (1506 words)

	Baltic Shield (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Through five successive Pleistocene glaciation s and subsequent retreats, the Baltic Shield has been scoured clean of its overlying sediments, leaving expansive areas (most within Scandinavia) exposed.
		The Baltic Shield yields important industrial mineral s and ore s, such as those of iron, nickel, copper and platinum group metals.
		Because of its similarity to the Canadian Shield and craton s of southern Africa and Western Australia, the Baltic Shield had long been a suspected source of diamond and gold.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/B/Baltic-Shield.htm (552 words)

	Thermomechanical lithospheric structure of the central Fennoscandian Shield (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The deep seismic sounding (DSS) profiles BALTIC (including its southern continuation, the Sovetsk-Kohtla-Järve profile), SVEKA, the northern part of BABEL, POLAR, FENNIA and Pechenga-Kovdor-Kostomuksha were used in studying the present-day thermomechanical structure of the central Fennoscandian Shield.
		The rheological results show lateral variations in the lithospheric strength reflecting the geometry of the lithosphere and following roughly the same trend as the geochronological development of the Fennoscandian Shield.
		The mechanical structure shows distinct decoupling of the weak lower crust and the strong upper mantle, particularly with a wet rheology.
	www.gf.oulu.fi /~pjk/pepi-1999_abs.html (349 words)

	Andrei Arzamastsev
		Proterozoic alkaline magmatism in the northeastern Baltic Shield.
		Arzamastsev A.A., Belyatsky B.V., Arzamastseva L.V. Agpaitic magmatism in the northeastern Baltic Shield: A case study of the Niva intrusion, Kola Peninsula, Russia.
		Arzamastseva L.V. Morphology and internal structure of the Kola alkaline intrusions, NE Fennoscandian Shield: 3D density modeling and geological implications.
	www.geocities.com /arz1998 (571 words)

	Analogous Upper Proterozoic apparent polar wander loops (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		nearly identical to the contemporaneous palaeomagnetic records from the Sveconorwegian belt of the Fennoscandian Shield and
		Tectonic and palaeomagnetic correlations between the major shields suggest that this motion represented an early fragmentation of rigid sialic crust.
		The restriction of crustal mobility to long linear mobile belts and the progressive contraction of anorogenic magmatism both define a gradual consolidation of the Proterozoic crust as temperature gradients declined.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v283/n5750/abs/283845a0.html (346 words)

	TURUN YLIOPISTO - GEOLOGIAN LAITOS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Konopelko, D., Eklund, O. & Ivanikov, V. 1.8 Ga Phosphorous-rich lamprophyre-granitoid complexes in the Fennoscandian shield: parental magmas and fractionation paths.
		Lately, there was an IGCP-project (IGCP project 315 on Correlation of Rapakivi Granites and Related Rocks on a Global Scale) that was focused on the rapakivi problematics world wide.
		We are looking at the anorogenic magmatic problem in the Fennoscandian shield from several points of view.:
	www.sci.utu.fi /geologia/FIN/FINtg_probes.html (1038 words)

	Layered intrusions of the Baltic Shield.
		Now a database on the Paleoproterozoic layered intrusion of the Russian part of the Baltic Shield is in the process.
		There are two main types of layered intrusions in the Russian part of the Fennoscandian Shield, which different in age and composition
		The layered intrusions were the integral parts of large igneous provinces of the Fennoscandian Shield: early and late Paleoproterozoic consequently.
	www.igem.ru /igem/petr/int6.htm (792 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #5207885 - Evidence for bacterially generated hydrocarbon gas in Canadian shield and Fennoscandian shield rocks
		Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link.
		Evidence for bacterially generated hydrocarbon gas in Canadian shield and Fennoscandian shield rocks
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=5207885 (140 words)

	OVERVIEW OF FENNOSCANDIAN SHIELD METALLOGENY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON FE-OXIDE-CU-AU DEPOSITS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		OVERVIEW OF FENNOSCANDIAN SHIELD METALLOGENY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON FE-OXIDE-CU-AU DEPOSITS
		The Fennoscandian Shield, one of the major base metal provinces in Europe, is composed of an Archean nucleus, largely unmineralized, in the northeastern part of the Shield.
		All other forms of reproduction and/or transmittal are prohibited without written permission from GSA Copyright Permissions.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2001AM/finalprogram/abstract_22778.htm (440 words)

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