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Topic: Ferdinand VII

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	Ferdinand VII on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ferdinand was soon persuaded to cross the French border and meet Napoleon at Bayonne.
		When Ferdinand was restored (1814) to his throne, however, he promptly abolished the liberal constitution and revealed himself a thorough reactionary.
		During Ferdinand's reign, the Spanish colonies on the mainland of North and South America were lost through the very rebellions that had begun as risings in his favor and against Napoleon.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/F/Ferdi7S1p.asp (614 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ferdinand VII (October 14, 1784 - September 29, 1833) was King of Spain from 1813 to 1833.
		The eldest son of Charles IV, king of Spain, and of his wife Maria Louisa of Parma, he was born at the palace of San Ildefonso near Balsam in the Somosierra hills.
		We have to distinguish the part of Ferdinand VII in all these transactions, in which other and better men were concerned.
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/f/fe/ferdinand_vii_of_spain.html (996 words)

	Maria Christina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Maria Christina was the fourth wife of King Ferdinand VII of Spain (Fernando in Spanish) (1783-1833, king 1813-1833) and mother of and regent for Queen Isabella II of Spain (Isabel in Spanish) (1830-1904, queen 1833-1868).
		Like her mother Maria Isabel, Ferdinand was a child of King Charles IV of Spain (Carlos IV in Spanish) and his wife, Princess Maria Luisa of Bourbon-Parma.
		As the widow of Ferdinand VII and the mother of Isabella II, Maria Christina was buried in the royal crypt of the El Escorial monastery (El Real Monasterio de San Lorenzo del Escorial, the Royal Monastery of Saint Lawrence of Escorial).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Maria_Christina_of_Bourbon-Two_Sicilies (997 words)

	Ferdinand VII of Spain biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In October 1807, Ferdinand was arrested for his complicity in the conspiracy of the Escorial in which liberal reformers aimed at securing the help of the emperor Napoleon.
		Ferdinand soon found that while Spain was fighting for independence in his name and while in his name juntas had governed in Spanish America, a new world had been born of foreign invasion and domestic revolution.
		Ferdinand had restored the Jesuits upon his return; now the Society had become identified with repression and absolutism among the liberals, who attacked them: twenty-five Jesuits were slain in Madrid in 1822.
	www.biography.ms /Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain.html (1082 words)

	king of Spain FERDINAND VII. - LoveToKnow Article on king of Spain FERDINAND VII. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		When his fathers abdication was extorted by a popular riot at Aranjuez in March 1808, he ascended the throne not to lead his people manfully, but to throw himself into the hands of Napoleon, in the fatuous hope that the emperor would support him.
		His wife was mistress by his death-bed, and she could put the words she chose into the mouth of a dead manand could move the dead hand at her will.
		Ferdinand died on the 29th of September 1833.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /F/FE/FERDINAND_VII_king_of_Spain.htm (1002 words)

	Maximilian Genealogy Master Database 2000 - pafg182 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		Ferdinand VII of Spain DE BOURBON King of Spain [Parents] was born 14 Oct 1784 in San Ildefonso.
		Ferdinand II of Sicily DE BOURBON King [Parents] was born 12 Jan 1810 in Palermo, Sicily.
		Ferdinand of Molina DE BOURBON was born 19 Oct 1824.
	www.peterwestern.f9.co.uk /maximilia/pafg182.htm (745 words)

	Unequal Marriages in Spain: the Pragmática of 1776
		In 1814 the French were expelled from Spain and Ferdinand VII returned to the throne (the Cortes of Cadiz had recognized Carlos IV's abdication, but not that of Ferdinand VII); he immediately disowned the Cortes of Cadiz and, by a proclamation of May 4, 1814, annulled all of their decrees and promulgations.
		Ferdinand VII had married three times but was childless; his younger brother Carlos was known to be a virulent enemy of liberalism.
		At Ferdinand VII's death in 1833 Isabel II was proclaimed, under the regency of her mother; immediately Carlos contested and a civil war ensued (1833-39).
	www.heraldica.org /topics/royalty/pragmatica.htm (7060 words)

	PRAGMATIC SANCTION OF 1830 - ABOLITION OF SEMI-SALIC LAW (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ferdinand VII, to whom his father Charles IV had abdicated in 1808, had been imprisoned by Napoleon, but with the defeat of the French armies on the Peninsular by the Duke of Wellington, Napoleon agreed by the Treaty of Valençay of 11 Dec 1813 to allow him to return to Spain.
		Ferdinand, himself, had been forced to accommodate some of the demands of the opposition, and when the news of his wife's pregnancy was revealed in March 1830, the liberal reformers saw their opportunity.
		Ferdinand was still adamant in his decision to change the succession and, on 13 Oct 1830, Isabel was declared Princess of the Asturias.
	www.chivalricorders.org /royalty/bourbon/france/success/sucprt4.htm (2707 words)

	King Ferdinand VII of Spain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ferdinand was born in 1784 to Charles IV and María Luisa.
		In 1808, a palace revolution at Aranjuez made Ferdinand acceed to the throne and become King Ferdinand VII of Spain.
		Ferdinand going to meet Napoleon at Bayonne, France, but he was forced to abdicate and his throne was given to Joseph Bonaparte.
	goofy313g.free.fr /calisota_online/exist/ferdinandVII.html (274 words)

	Ferdinand VII, King of Spain - Olga's Gallery
		Ferdinand VII (1784-1833) king of Spain, the eldest son of Charles IV and Queen Maria Luisa.
		For six years Ferdinand lived in exile on the estate of the French foreign minister, Talleyrand, at Valençay, where the treaty (1813) was signed with Napoleon that restored Ferdinand to the throne.
		The revolution of 1820 forced Ferdinand to recognize the 1812 constitution, but three years later with the aid of the French troops he restored the absolutism.
	www.abcgallery.com /bio/ferdinand7.html (158 words)

	First Carlist War biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A century later, the King Ferdinand VII of Spain had a great problem: he didn't have male descendancy, he only had two daughters, Isabella (later known as Isabella II of Spain) and Louise Ferdinand (grandmother of the later king Alfonso XIII of Spain).
		After the war, when Ferdinand VII returned to Spain, decided not to accept that and in the Manifest of Valencia, he annulled the constitution.
		Ferdinand VII became then an absolute king, governing by decrees and restoring the Spanish Inquisition, abolished by Napoleon's brother.
	first-carlist-war.biography.ms (1384 words)

	Ferdinand
		Ferdinand IV, Archduke of Austria, duke of Modena.
		Ferdinand IV of Castile and Leon[?] - 1285-1312; became king 1295.
		Ferdinand of Austria, Cardinal-Infante of Spain[?] - 1618-1641
	www.fastload.org /fe/Ferdinand.html (280 words)

	Isabella II of Spain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		She was born in Madrid, and was the eldest daughter of Ferdinand VII, king of Spain, and of his fourth wife, Maria Christina, a Neapolitan Bourbon and also the niece of Marie Antoinette.
		Queen Isabella succeeded to the throne because Ferdinand VII induced the Cortes to assist him in setting aside the Salic law, which the Bourbons had introduced in the beginning of the 18th century, and to re-establish the older succession law of Spain.
		The brother of Ferdinand, Don Carlos, the first pretender, fought seven years, during the minority of Isabella, to dispute her title.
	www.eastcleveland.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Isabella_II_of_Spain (749 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The War of Independence and the reign of Ferdinand VII Most significant aspect of this period is that it consolidated the presence of liberalism in the political landscape of Spain.
		1814 Return of Ferdinand VII from exile, against the background of a deep economic crisis and social unrest meant that it was easy for him do away with liberal reforms, that were blamed by the traditionalists (the Church and the army) for the problems within the country.
		Ferdinand VII did not have the support of the army to effect the overthrow of the liberal government so he requested military help from France.
	www.art.man.ac.uk /SPANISH/ug/documents/sp1400HistoryLecture3.doc (2378 words)

	Ferdinand, VII Biography / Biography of Ferdinand, VII Biography Biography
		The reign of Ferdinand VII (1784-1833) was one of the most complex and important in the history of Spain.
		On Oct. 14, 1784, Ferdinand was born in San Lorenzo del Escorial to the timid Charles, heir to the throne of Spain, and the domineering Maria Luisa of Parma.
		During these years the weak and sickly Ferdinand was educated by Juan Escoiquiz, an amibitious man who inculcated in him a deep-seated hatred for Godoy.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-ferdinand-vii (242 words)

	Two Sicilies Succession Dispute (La Successione alla Dignita di Capo della Casa di Borbone Due Sicilie) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Charles VII of Naples became King of Spain as Charles III and, by the terms of the Treaty of Naples of 3rd October, 1759, he agreed to abdicate the Two Sicilies throne to his third (but eldest surviving) son, the Infant Don Ferdinand.
		Ferdinand was invested with the Constantinian Grand Magistery just ten days after receiving the Throne, not by virtue of becoming King but as declared “legitimate primogeniture heir of the Farnese” dynasty.
		In 1830 Ferdinand VII of Spain, son and successor of Charles IV, abolished Salic law which since 1713 had guaranteed the succession of the throne of Spain to the male heirs of Philip V. This act had a serious affect on relations with the Royal Families of France and the Two Sicilies.
	www.chivalricorders.org /royalty/bourbon/twosicilies/dispute.htm (1709 words)

	NINETEENTH GENERATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		She was married to Ferdinand VII of BOURBON-SPAIN (son of Charles IV of BOURBON-SPAIN and Louise Marie of PARMA) in 1829 in Milan (cousins).
		Ferdinand VII of BOURBON-SPAIN was born in 1784 in Spain - son of Charles IV.
		She was married to Ferdinand MUNOZ in 1834 in (secret marriage).
	home.att.net /~hamiltonclan/hamilton/gilbert/d7624.htm (92 words)

	AllRefer.com - Ferdinand VII, king of Spain (Spanish And Portuguese History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Ferdinand VII, king of Spain, Spanish And Portuguese History, Biographies
		Ferdinand VII 1784–1833, king of Spain (1808–33), son of Charles IV and MarIa Luisa.
		Excluded from a role in the government, he became the center of intrigues against the chief minister Godoy and attempted to win the support of Napoleon I. In 1807 he was arrested by his father, who accused him of plotting his overthrow and the murder of his mother and Godoy.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/F/Ferdi7Sp.html (561 words)

	Ferdinand VII -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Ferdinand VII, detail of an oil painting by Francisco de Goya, 1814–15; in the Prado, Madrid.
		Between 1808 and 1813, during the Napoleonic Wars, Ferdinand was imprisoned in France by Napoleon.
		Ferdinand was the son of Charles IV and Maria Luisa of Parma, who placed their whole confidence in Manuel de Godoy.
	secure.britannica.com /eb/article-9034016?&query=ferdinand (764 words)

	Peru Mestizo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ferdinand VII was king of Spain from 1784-1835.
		The inscription reads: "His majesty Ferdinand VII, Catholic King of Spain and the Indies." In front of him is the royal quartered coat of arms bearing the symbols of León and Castile; around the king's neck hangs the emblem of the Order of the Golden Fleece.
		Ferdinand, like all of his predecessors, ruled his Spanish Empire from afar.
	www.humanities-interactive.org /newworld/mestizo/ex053_12a.htm (155 words)

	woodgate - pafg119 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ferdinand VII King of Spain [Parents] was born in 1784.
		She married Ferdinand VII King of Spain in 1816.
		She married Ferdinand VII King of Spain in 1819.
	homepages.ihug.co.nz /~woodgate/pafg119.htm (239 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Pius VII
		In 1821 Pius VII promulgated in the Bull "De salute animarum" the agreement concluded with Prussia, and the same year another Bull, "Provida Solersque", made a fresh distribution of dioceses in the ecclesiastical province of the Upper Rhine.
		Far more glorious to Pius VII personally is the fact that, after the downfall of his persecutor Napoleon, he gladly offered a refuge in his capital to the members of the Bonaparte family.
		The Bulls of Pius VII are partly in Bullarii Romani continuatio, ed.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/12132a.htm (2023 words)

	Namnlöst dokument
		Ferdinand VI He was born on September 23, 1713.
		Ferdinand VII changed the Act of Succession, thereby allowing a daughter to inherit the throne if the King had no sons.
		Parents: King Ferdinand VII and Queen Maria Cristina (née Princess of Sicily).
	www.warholm.nu /Kingspan.html (1216 words)

	Hispanic Nations - Independence Or Death
		THE restoration of Ferdinand VII to his throne in 1814 encouraged the liberals of Spain, no less than the loyalists of Spanish America, to hope that the "old King" would now grant a new dispensation.
		And Ferdinand had contributed to his own undoing by failing to heed the urgent requests of Morillo for reinforcements to fill his dwindling ranks.
		Ferdinand VII, who had gathered an army of twenty thousand men at Cadiz, was ready to deliver a crushing blow at the colonies when in January, 1820, a mutiny among the troops and revolution throughout the country entirely frustrated the plan.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles33n/hispanic-nations-3.shtml (4566 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Ferdinand VII
		Ferdinand VII (1784-1833), king of Spain (1808 and 1814-1833), whose reign was one of the most disastrous in Spanish history.
		Ferdinand VI, called The Learned (1713-1759), king of Spain (1746-1759).
		He was the son of King Philip V. Although he was the first Ferdinand of the...
	encarta.msn.com /Ferdinand_VII.html (149 words)

	Ferdinand VII, 1814-33 (from Spain) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Spain is bordered on the west by Portugal; in the northeast it borders France, from which it is separated by the tiny principality of Andorra and by the great wall of the Pyrenees Mountains.
		Trained in his youth for government service, Ferdinand de Lesseps spent 24 years as a French diplomat; but it was his success in building the Suez Canal that earned him worldwide fame.
		By their marriage in October 1469, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella of Castile initiated a confederation of the two kingdoms that became the basis for the unification of Spain.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-70430?tocId=70430 (894 words)

	Articles - Infante Carlos of Spain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In 1808 Napoleon induced Carlos' father Charles IV and his older brother Ferdinand VII to renounce their rights to the throne of Spain.
		Ferdinand VII had found it necessary to cooperate with the moderate liberals and to sign a constitution.
		In May 1830 Ferdinand VII published the Pragmatic Sanction, allowing daughters to succeed to the Spanish throne as well as sons.
	www.gaple.com /articles/Infante_Carlos_of_Spain?mySession=6ea085a5acdd44f1e38d7935ef00474f (1255 words)

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