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	Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy (December 16, 1847–May 21, 1923) was a French traitor, who served as a spy for Germany.
		Esterhazy was the perpetrator of the crime of which Alfred Dreyfus had been wrongly accused and convicted.
		Born in Paris, Esterhazy belonged to an illustrious Hungarian family, a branch of which had established itself in France at the end of the 17th century, and the head of which had organized there a regiment of hussars.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ferdinand_Walsin_Esterhazy (806 words)

	Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Esterhazy had posed as a count and served in the Austrian army during the 1866 war with Prussia.
		Esterhazy is a marketing town for a mixed-farming (especially wheat) and stock-raising region and has flour-milling and dairying...
		One of the chief 19th-century theorists of socialism and a founder of the German labor movement was Ferdinand Lassalle.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9033081 (669 words)

	Esterhazy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Born in Paris, Esterhazy belonged to an illustrious Hungarian family, a branch ofwhich had established itself in France at the end of the 17th century, and the head of which had organized there a regiment ofhussars.
		His great-grandmother had an illegitimate son, who was brought up under the name of Walsin, but who, after she hadacknowledged him during the Revolution, took the name of Esterhazy and settled as a merchant at Nimes.
		There being a dearth of officers after the catastrophe of Sedan, Esterhazy was able to pass muster as a Frenchlieutenant, then as a captain, and went through the campaigns of the Loire and of the Jura.
	www.therfcc.org /esterhazy-364052.html (794 words)

	Count No-Count Esterhazy, Robert Wernick (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Esterhazy was serving in the 74th Infantry Regiment in the French Army.
		Thereafter Esterhazy was regularly informed of developments and coached in the proper attitude to maintain in case anything became public.
		On the night of August 13, a captain on Cavaignac's staff, studying the doctored letter under slanting lamplight, noticed for the first time that the lines of the graph paper on which the body of the text was written were of a different color from those at the top and bottom.
	www.robertwernick.com /articles/esterhazy.shtml (3809 words)

	Dreyfus Affair. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In 1896 Col. Georges Picquart, chief of the intelligence section, discovered evidence indicating Major Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy, who was deep in debt, as the real author of the bordereau.
		Picquart was silenced by army authorities, but in 1897 Dreyfus’s brother, Mathieu, made the same discovery and increased pressure to reopen the case.
		Esterhazy was tried (Jan., 1898) by a court-martial and acquitted in a matter of minutes.
	www.bartleby.com /65/dr/DreyfusA.html (661 words)

	Alfred Dreyfus -=SKYGAZE=- Interesting Facts, The Strange and Unexplained, Mysteries and Secrets
		Esterhazy was the son of a French general of an illegitimate branch of the immensely wealthy Hungarian Esterhazys.
		Fearing that his efforts to implicate Esterhazy would be blocked by the army high command, Picquart revealed his findings to his attorney and authorized him to pass the information on to the government.
		Esterhazy fled to London, where he admitted his guilt; he remained in exile until his death a quarter century later.
	www.skygaze.com /content/mysteries/AlfredDreyfus.shtml (1996 words)

	BRA(11:1) The Rights to a Jury Trial, Fair Trial, Free Press, Media, Dreyfus Affair, Jazz-Age Journalism, Arbuckle, Sex ...
		Esterhazy was deeply in debt from playing the stock market and could see no other way to raise cash quickly.
		But if Esterhazy were found guilty, this would mean that important army officers had either made a terrible mistake, or even worse, had lied.
		Esterhazy admitted that it was he who had written the spy memo that had started the whole Dreyfus Affair.
	www.crf-usa.org /bria/bria11_1.html (5341 words)

	Chronology of the Dreyfus Affair
		Le Figaro starts publishing a correspondence from Esterhazy that one of his spurned mistresses, Madame de Boulancy, has communicated to the newspaper in which he vents his contempt for the French, even dreaming to become a German Uhlan and be able to slaugher as many French soldiers as possible.
		Esterhazy is brought to trial, which is soon held in closed session.
		Esterhazy is charged with swindling his nephew and having sent forged telegrams to Picquart in November 1897.
	www.georgetown.edu /faculty/guieuj/DreyfusCase/Chronology%20of%20the%20Dreyfus%20Affair.htm (5026 words)

	L
		Major Ferdinand Forzinetti (1839-1909) was Director of the military prison of Le Cherche-Midi to which Dreyfus was consigned in the Fall of 1894, awaiting his December trial.
		Esterhazy told the scandal hungry press (L’Echo de Paris, 18 November 1897) that he had received messages, including a letter signed “Espérance” [Hope], from a mysterious veiled lady who was trying to save him from his enemies.
		Major Alexandre-Alfred Ravary, the rapporteur for the staged Esterhazy trial, concluded in his pre-trial report stating the Esterhazy case that allegations against Esterhazy were proven irrelevant and that the case should be dismissed.
	www.georgetown.edu /faculty/guieuj/DreyfusCase/Iaccuse.htm (8256 words)

	Dreyfus, Alfred (1859-1935)
		Evidence pointed to Major Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy, a Hungarian with German connections, as the traitor, but the French military establishment, in particular Major H. Henry of the intelligence service, found this impossible to believe.
		Georges Picquart, had sensed something suspicious in the trial, and new evidence made it clear that Esterhazy was a German agent.
		Esterhazy was tried and acquitted and Picquart sentenced to 60 days in prison.
	www.jafi.org.il /education/100/people/BIOS/dreyfus.html (436 words)

	Esterhazy, Ferdinand Walsin on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A veteran of the papal army and the French Foreign Legion, he entered the regular French army and rose to be a major.
		When treason became evident in 1894, the guilt was pinned on Captain Dreyfus (see Dreyfus Affair).
		The suspicions of Col. Georges Picquart helped to bring about a court-martial for Esterhazy in 1898, but his fellow officers quickly acquitted him.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/E/EsterhazF1.asp (341 words)

	Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		When Alfred Dreyfus was convicted (1894) of betraying military information to Germany, Esterhazy came under the suspicion of Lieutenant Colonel Georges Picquart, head of the French army's “statistical section” (the cover name for the army's counterintelligence unit), who recognized Esterhazy's handwriting on the treasonable document attributed to Dreyfus.
		Esterhazy was brought before a court-martial in 1897 and acquitted by his fellow officers, but the movement for revision of Dreyfus' conviction continued to gain supporters (including many French intellectuals).
		Esterhazy's own accounts of his activity included one that he had indeed been a spy for Germany.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9033081 (813 words)

	Gabriel Hanotaux, The Dreyfus Affair, and How London Orchestrated the Destruction of the Franco-German Alliance
		French diplomat Ferdinand De Lesseps got the concession to see the project through in 1854, but his agreement with Cairo stipulated that the concession must be ratified by the Sultan of Turkey -- and that required at least neutralizing London.
		Count Esterhazy was also an intimate collaborator of Edouard Drumont, the raving editor of the notorious anti-semitic rag and scandal sheet La Libre Parole.
		Drumont and Esterhazy, while being co-conspirators, had pretented to duel each other in 1893, setting the stage for Esterhazy to be subsidized by the Rothschilds for his valor in defending the Jewish cause against...
	www.members.tripod.com /~american_almanac/hanot91.htm (3129 words)

	Dreyfus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Esterhazy was then questioned by General Gonse who, after the questioning, believed that Esterhazy was guilty.
		Esterhazy was taken to trial and acquitted in three minutes.
		Esterhazy was relieved of duty after Henry's confession of forgeries on August 30 1898.
	www.longwood.edu /staff/munsonjr/modfr00/mcelheny/MCEL1.htm (1227 words)

	Ferdinand Forzinetti Collection of Alfred Dreyfus and the Dreyfus Affair
		In October 1894, Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a French Army General Staff trainee of the 14th Artillery, was accused of high treason and subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island.
		Ferdinand Forzinetti, commandant of Cherche-Midi military prison where Dreyfus was first held, was convinced of Dreyfus's innocence from the beginning and is credited as the first Frenchman to protest his innocence.
		Forzinetti, Ferdinand, 1839-1909 (Principality of Monaco letterhead)--Items 4 (Military Governor of Paris letterhead); 16; 21; 33-36; 39-41; 50-51; 86; 93-95; 98-102; 114; 117-119; 122; 123; 125-126; 127-128; 130; 132; 138-139; 145; 147; 151; 152; 154*; 157-158
	www.hrc.utexas.edu /research/fa/forzinetti.html (1330 words)

	The Dreyfus Affair
		July 20 : Infantry Major Ferdinand Walsin-Esterhazy who, through occasional contacts with the General Staff, was exposed to classified French information, offers his services to the German Military Attaché, Lieutenant-Colonel von Schwartzkoppen, promising to pass on military secrets.
		October 18 : Esterhazy receives a letter conceived by dy Paty de Clam, written by Mme Henry and signed "Espérance", warning him to be more careful.
		November 28 : Le Figaro starts publishing a correspondance from Esterhazy that one of his spurned mistresses, Madame de Boulancy, has communicated to the newspaper in which he vents his contempt for the French, even dreaming to become a German Uhlan.
	www.idhbb.org /uk-chrono.htm (4177 words)

	Esterhazy biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Son of Nikolaus I, disbanded the Esterhazy musical establishment for the duration of his reign.
		A minor member of the Esterhazy family was Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy, notorious for his role in the Dreyfus affair.
		Another was Joseph Eszterházy (nephew to Palatine Paul), the ban of Croatia between 1733 and 1741.
	esterhazy.biography.ms (1532 words)

	Prisoner of Honor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Georges Picquart, chief of intelligence, discovers that Major Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy, who was deep in debt, is the real author of the schedule.
		Writer Zola publishes an open letter (J'accuse) to the president of the French republic, Félix Faure, accusing the judges of having followed an army order to acquit Esterhazy.
		Henry commits suicide and Esterhazy flees to England.
	members.aol.com /snuffy1186/prisnrhn.html (322 words)

	First, it is necessary to draw distinctions between the two periods of the Dreyfus Affair
		A court-martial preceding for Esterhazy would be the best way to handle the situation, because it would exonerate Esterhazy, just as two previous inquiries had, avoid an unreliable jury, and confirm, at the same time, Dreyfus’s guilt.
		That is one of the reasons why, at the Esterhazy court martial hearings and then the Zola trials, the bulk of the deputies were loath to act in ways other than silence and indecisiveness.
		The Affair also brought to question what place such zealous nationalism, clericalism, and anti-Semitism had in the Third Republic, and after the Henry suicide in 1898, many conservatives found themselves on the wrong side of what was in the best interests for the French nation.
	www.harwich.edu /depts/history/HHJ/drey.html (7828 words)

	In this election, they won't rock the vote / Artists influence when issues are simple, clear
		Concerned that public knowledge of its blunder would impugn its honor, the army engaged in the mother of all cover-ups, forging documents, threatening witnesses and knowingly gathering perjured evidence.
		Worse yet, it promised Esterhazy, bona fide traitor, that the War Ministry would protect him as long as he kept his mouth shut.
		When Dreyfus' supporters began smelling a rat, Esterhazy was summoned to a rigged court-martial, which found him innocent in three minutes.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2004/10/10/INGEF94FHU1.DTL&type=printable (1456 words)

	Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy . 1847 . France . Alfred Dreyfus . Paris . Loire . Le Mans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy December 16, 1847 - May 21, 1923 was the France French officer later discovered to be guilty of the crime of which Alfred Dreyfus had been wrongly convicted.
		Born in Paris, Esterhazy belonged to an Esterhazy illustrious Hungarian family, a branch of which had established itself in France at the end of the 17th century, and the head of which had organized there a regiment of hussars.
		In preindustrial times, the only culture was folk culture, and popular culture did not exist.
	www.uk.fraquisanto.net /Ferdinand_Walsin_Esterhazy (555 words)

	Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy was the French officer later discovered to be guilty of the crime of which Alfred Dreyfus had been wrongly convicted.
		Born in Paris on Dec. 16, 1847, Esterhazy belonged to an illustrious Hungarian family, a branch of which had established itself in France at the end of the seventeenth century, and the head of which had organized there a regiment of hussars.
		All is still licensed under the GNU FDL.
	www.termsdefined.net /fe/ferdinand-walsin-esterhazy.html (978 words)

	Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		His great-grandmother had an illegitimate son, who was brought up under the name of Walsin, but who, after she had acknowledged him during the Revolution, took the name of Esterhazy and settled as a merchant at (additional info and facts about Nimes) Nimes.
		There being a dearth of officers after the catastrophe of Sedan, Esterhazy was able to pass muster as a French lieutenant, then as a captain, and went through the campaigns of the (A French river; flows into the North Atlantic) Loire and of the (additional info and facts about Jura) Jura.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/F/Fe/Ferdinand_Walsin_Esterhazy.htm (729 words)

	Georges Picquart
		Higher officials warned Picquart to conceal his discovery; he persisted and was sent (Dec., 1896) to Tunis and demoted.
		The exoneration of Dreyfus in 1906 also served to absolve Picquart, who was promoted to general and entered Georges Clemenceau's cabinet as minister of war.
		Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy - Esterhazy, Ferdinand Walsin, 1847–1923, French army officer, member of a French family...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0838963.html (133 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy
		December 16 is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar.
		The Jura folds are located North of the main Alpine orogenic front, and are being continually deformed, accommodating the northwards compression due to Alpine folding.
		Le Mans is a city in France, located at the Sarthe River.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ferdinand-Walsin-Esterhazy (1224 words)

	The Nobel Peace Prize 1927 - Presentation Speech
		It is this happy circumstance which brought about the rapprochement between Germany and France, which in turn found expression in the events rewarded at last year's award ceremony.
		Ferdinand Buisson was born in Paris in 1841.
		When evidence pointing toward Major Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy as the real traitor was brought forward several times in succeeding years and silenced, the case became a major political issue throughout France.
	nobelprize.org /peace/laureates/1927/press.html (2246 words)

	\|\|\|\|\| The Dreyfus Affair and Human Rights \|\|\|\|\|
		Wife of Alfred; born Lucie Hadamard in 1871 and of a more traditional Jewish background than her husband; observes Jewish Holy Days and is dedicated to biblical study; accomplished pianist; exhibits unshakeable loyality to her husband throughout the Affair; in later life devotes much of her time to Jewish causes.
		Becomes cleaner at the German Embassy in Paris in 1889 and eventually the concierge; works as agent for French Army Intelligence in particular passing fragments of documents and papers found in wastepaper baskets at the embassy for 200 francs per month; in contact with Henry to whom she passes the 'bordereau'.
		Young and attractive prostitute from the provinces whom Esterhazy reputedly met on a train journey to Paris or at the Moulin Rouge; is already well-known in her profession at the age of 19; intelligent and loyal to Esterhazy; becomes his mistress.
	www.dreyfus-affair.org /5_CHARA.htm (343 words)

	19 Oct History: This Date
		Georges Picquart found evidence that Maj. Marie-Charles-Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy [1847 –; 21 May 1923] was engaged in espionage and that it was Esterhazy's handwriting found on the letter that had incriminated Dreyfus.
		The affair was made absurdly complicated by the activities of Esterhazy in inventing evidence and spreading rumors, and of Maj. Hubert Joseph Henry, discoverer of the original letter attributed to Dreyfus, in forging new documents and suppressing others.
		When Esterhazy was brought before a court martial, he was acquitted, and Picquart was arrested.
	www.ifrance.com /ojourdui/history/h4oct/h4oct19.html (12189 words)

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