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	Enrico Fermi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1938, Fermi won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his "demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons".
		Fermi's ability and success stemmed as much from his appraisal of the art of the possible, as from his innate skill and intelligence.
		On November 28, 1954, Fermi died at the age of 53 of stomach cancer in Chicago, Illinois and was interred there in Oak Woods Cemetery.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Enrico_Fermi (1323 words)

	Enrico Fermi Info - Encyclopedia WikiWhat.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Enrico Fermi, (born September 29, 1901 in Rome, Italy; died 1954) was an Italian-American physicist most noted for his work on beta decay, the development of the first nuclear reactor and for the development of quantum theory.
		Fermi is known as the originator of the Fermi paradox in SETI research, when in a discussion of the possibility that intelligent aliens might exist, he famously asked "Where are they?"
		Fermi problems, such as the classic "How many piano tuners are there in Chicago?" are named after Fermi's use of such estimation problems to teach students the importance of dimensional analysis, approximation methods, and clear identification of assumptions.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/e/en/enrico_fermi.html (1133 words)

	Enrico Fermi's Impact on Science - John Marburger Speech
		Fermi postulated that the proton, electron and neutrino were similarly created on the spot, and wrote down a mathematical expression for the interaction that was similar to the basic interaction in quantum electrodynamics, but more complicated.
		Fermi had found cadmium to be a strong neutron absorber, and the combination of components was designed to produce neutrons with just the right energy to be captured by the uranium nuclei which subsequently break apart, or fission, creating additional neutrons to keep the reaction going.
		Fermi's work with reactors makes him the father of nuclear energy, and it is for this reason, as well as for his important contribution to the war effort, that the United States Congress gave him a special award just prior to his death in November 1954.
	www.osti.gov /accomplishments/marburger.html (3314 words)

	Fermi
		Fermi was the youngest of the three children of Alberto Fermi, a railroad employee, and Ida de Gattis.
		Fermi did not make this claim, for he was not certain what had occurred; indeed, he was unaware that he was on the edge of a world-shaking discovery.
		Late in 1938 Fermi was named a Nobel laureate in physics "for his identification of new radioactive elements produced by neutron bombardment and for his discovery of nuclear reaction effected by slow neutrons." He was given permission by the Fascist government of Mussolini to travel to Sweden to receive the award.
	physics.rug.ac.be /Fysica/Geschiedenis/mathematicians/Fermi.html (1341 words)

	A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: Fermi creates controlled nuclear reaction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		When scientists convinced President Roosevelt of this, Fermi was appointed to head a research team as part of a secret project to develop an atomic bomb.
		Fermi's task, however, was to create a controlled nuclear reaction; that is, to split the atom without creating a deadly explosion.
		Fermi's idea had worked, and the first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction -- the first controlled flow of energy from a source other than the Sun -- was achieved.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dp42fe.html (482 words)

	Malaspina Great Books - Enrico Fermi (1901-1954)
		The son of a railroad official, Fermi studied at the University of Pisa from 1918 to 1922 and later at the universities of Leyden and Gottingen.
		Fermi's accomplishments were in both theoretical and experimental physics, a unique feat in an age in which scientific endeavors have tended to specialize on one aspect or the other.
		Fermi is recognized among physicists as one of the great scientists of the 20th century.
	www.malaspina.org /home.asp?topic=./search/details&lastpage=./search/results&ID=376 (803 words)

	Enrico Fermi - Biography
		Enrico Fermi was born in Rome on 29th September, 1901, the son of Alberto Fermi, a Chief Inspector of the Ministry of Communications, and Ida de Gattis.
		In 1944, Fermi became American citizen, and at the end of the war (1946) he accepted a professorship at the Institute for Nuclear Studies of the University of Chicago, a position which he held until his untimely death in 1954.
		Fermi was member of several academies and learned societies in Italy and abroad (he was early in his career, in 1929, chosen among the first 30 members of the Royal Academy of Italy).
	nobelprize.org /physics/laureates/1938/fermi-bio.html (998 words)

	Invent Now \| Hall of Fame \| Search \| Inventor Profile
		Fermi is considered one of the most important architects of the nuclear age.
		Born in Rome, Italy, Fermi graduated from the University of Pisa in 1922, became a lecturer at the University of Florence for two years and then a professor of theoretical physics at Rome.
		This was accomplished in 1942.Transferred for a time to the Los Alamos, New Mexico atomic bomb laboratory, Fermi returned to Chicago in 1945 as a professor at the Institute for Nuclear Studies and in the same year became a United States citizen.
	www.invent.org /hall_of_fame/58.html (210 words)

	Fermi, Enrico on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Fermi's wife, Laura, was Jewish, and the family did not return to Fascist Italy after the journey to Stockholm to receive the Nobel award, but continued on to the United States.
		Fermi was professor of physics at Columbia Univ. (1939-45) and at the Univ. of Chicago (1946-54).
		Fermi was outstanding as an experimenter, theorist, and teacher.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/f/fermi-e1n.asp (478 words)

	Fermi level and Fermi function
		In doped semiconductors, p-type and n-type, the Fermi level is shifted by the impurities, illustrated by their band gaps.
		The Fermi energy also plays an important role in understanding the mystery of why electrons do not contribute significantly to the specific heat of solids at ordinary temperatures, while they are dominant contributors to thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity.
		The Fermi function gives the probability of occupying an available energy state, but this must be factored by the number of available energy states to determine how many electrons would reach the conduction band.This density of states is the electron density of states, but there are differences in its implications for conductors and semiconductors.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/solids/fermi.html (934 words)

	Fermi Paradox (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Fermi's supposition (as York remembers, with a bit of uncertainty) is that interstellar travel is either impossible, or at least so difficult that nobody undertakes it because it is not worth the effort.
		Fermi and the group came away with the feeling that this was a strong question, one that had not been answered at that lunch.
		Morrison also pointed out that Fermi began to complain about his memory after the war, and started keeping a notebook; it is possible that his ideas on the Paradox are recorded in them.
	frank.harvard.edu /~paulh/unpublished/fermi.htm (574 words)

	Fermi Paradox Encyclopedia Article @ NaturalResearch.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Fermi Paradox is a physical paradox that was brought to light by a simple question posed by the physicist Enrico Fermi when speculating about the existence of technologically advanced civilizations within the observable universe, and exactly how common they would be.
		This view is based on the mediocrity principle, which states that Earth is not special, merely a typical planet, one of trillions of worlds which are all subject to the same laws, effects, and chances.
		While it was formulated after the objections raised by Enrico Fermi, Drake's equation has become a common and respected means of estimating the frequency of occurrence of interstellar civilizations.
	www.naturalresearch.org /encyclopedia/Fermi_Paradox (8893 words)

	Enrico Fermi: Physicist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Enrico Fermi is known as the "father of the atomic bomb".
		Born Sept. 29, 1901 in Rome, Fermi attended the University of Pisa.
		Fermi returned to the University of Chicago until his death of cancer on November 28, 1954.
	www.graveyards.com /IL/Cook/oakwoods/fermi.html (219 words)

	Physics Today June 2002
		Fermi was born in Rome on 29 September 1901 and died in Chicago on 28 November 1954.
		Fermi was not particularly critical of Mussolini's fascist regime prior to the dictator's promulgation of anti-Jewish laws in 1938.
		Fermi and Teller, and independently Victor Weisskopf at MIT, gave convincing arguments that this surprisingly long survival could not be explained away in terms of some anomaly in the process of slowing down in carbon.
	www.aip.org /pt/vol-55/iss-6/p38.html (4563 words)

	Enrico Fermi \| Biography \| atomicarchive.com
		Enrico Fermi was born on September 29, 1901, in Rome, Italy.
		The next year, Fermi was elected Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Rome, a post that he retained until 1938 when he emigrated to America, primarily to escape Mussolini's fascist dictatorship.
		Fermi was also awarded the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons."
	www.atomicarchive.com /Bios/Fermi.shtml (517 words)

	Enrico Fermi \| Physicist
		Fermi settled in the United States in 1939, and became professor of physics at Columbia University in New York City.
		Fermi was placed in charge of the Manhattan Project at the University of Chicago in 1942.
		Laura Fermi traces her husband's career from his childhood, when he taught himself physics, through his rise in the Italian university system concurrent with the rise of fascism, to his receipt of the Nobel Prize, which offered a perfect opportunity to flee the country without arousing official suspicion, and his odyssey to the United States.
	www.lucidcafe.com /library/95sep/fermi.html (652 words)

	The American Experience \| Race for the Superbomb \| Enrico Fermi, (1901 - 1954)
		Fermi was so intrigued by them, he read them straight through, apparently, not even noticing that they were in Latin.
		Fermi did not realize until later that he had, in fact, succeeded in splitting the uranium atom.
		At Columbia University in New York, Fermi realized that if neutrons are emitted in the fissioning of uranium then the emitted neutrons might proceed to split other uranium atoms, setting in motion a chain reaction that would release enormous amounts of energy.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/bomb/peopleevents/pandeAMEX52.html (582 words)

	Encyclopedia article on Enrico Fermi [EncycloZine] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Enrico Fermi was born in Rome, Italy in 1901.
		Fermi did especially well, and the examiner at the Scuola Normale thought the 17-year-old Fermi's competition essay worthy of a doctoral exam.
		Fermi became unhappy, though, with what he saw as an excessively formal theoretical style under the influence of Max Born, and so after six months left for the University of Leiden, Netherlands, to work with Paul Ehrenfest.
	encyclozine.com /Enrico_Fermi (1422 words)

	Enrico Fermi
		Enrico Fermi, the son of a government official, was born in Rome, Italy, on 29th September, 1901.
		Married to an Italian Jew, Fermi disapproved of the racist rule of Benito Mussolini and before the outbreak of the Second World War his family emigrated to the United States.
		In 1943 Fermi joined the Manhattan Project where he worked with Edward Teller, David Bohm, Robert Oppenheimer, Emilio Segre, Niels Bohr, Otto Frisch, Felix Bloch, Rudolf Peierls, James Franck, James Chadwick, Leo Szilard and Klaus Fuchs in developing the atom bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /2WWfermi.htm (686 words)

	Inventor Enrico Fermi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Born in Rome on September 29, 1901, Fermi was educated at the University of Pisa and in some of the leading centers for theoretical physics in Europe.
		By this time Fermi was keenly aware of the significance of his experimental work in the effort to produce atomic energy.
		After the war, in 1946, Fermi became a professor of physics and the director of the new Institute of Nuclear Studies at the University of Chicago.
	www.ideafinder.com /history/inventors/fermi.htm (742 words)

	Nobel laureate Cronin edits book on Fermi’s legacy
		Fermi also has left his name on the element fermium, a class of subatomic particles called fermions, Enrico Fermi High School in Enfield, Conn., Fermi National Accelerator in Batavia, Ill., and the Enrico Fermi Institute at the University.
		Among Fermi’s early accomplishments was to apply quantum mechanics, which explains the behavior of atoms and subatomic particles, to the physics of solids and gases, Cronin said.
		Fermi went on to earn the Nobel Prize in 1938 for his discovery of new radioactive elements produced by the addition of neutrons to the cores of other atoms, and for the discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slowly moving neutrons.
	chronicle.uchicago.edu /041007/fermi.shtml (750 words)

	SPACE.com -- Our Galaxy Should Be Teeming With Civilizations, But Where Are They?
		The remark came while Fermi was discussing with his mealtime mates the possibility that many sophisticated societies populate the Galaxy.
		Fermi realized that any civilization with a modest amount of rocket technology and an immodest amount of imperial incentive could rapidly colonize the entire Galaxy.
		So what Fermi immediately realized was that the aliens have had more than enough time to pepper the Galaxy with their presence.
	www.space.com /searchforlife/shostak_paradox_011024.html (742 words)

	Enrico Fermi - DOE R&D Accomplishments
		Fermi moved to the University of Chicago to be in charge of the first major step in making feasible the building of the atomic bomb.
		Fermi's momentous accomplishments caused him to be recognized as one of the great scientists of the 20th century.
		Symposium with a retrospective focus on the period when Fermi was a faculty member at Chicago and laid the groundwork for the field of elementary particle physics.
	www.osti.gov /accomplishments/fermi.html (1056 words)

	UFO Evidence : Fermi's Paradox (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Fermi's Famous question, now central to debates about the prevalence of extraterrestrial civilizations, arose during a luncheon conversation with Emil Konopinski, Edward Teller, and Herbert York in the summer of 1950.
		I propose a model for [for the problem of the Fermi Paradox] based on the assumption that long-term colonization of the galaxy proceeds via a "percolation" process similar to the percolation problem which is well studied in condensed-matter physics.
		But one of the four, the renowned physicist and back-of-the-envelope calculator Enrico Fermi, asked the telling questions: If the extraterrestrial life proposition is true, he wondered, "Where is everybody?"" "In this book, Stephen Webb presents a detailed discussion of the 50 most cogent and intriguing answers to Fermi's famous question.
	www.ufoevidence.org /topics/Fermi.htm (1109 words)

	Fermi level and Fermi function
		The Fermi energy is the maximum energy occupied by an electron at 0K.
		One of the remarkable things about the Fermi energy is how large it is compared to the energies which electrons could gain by ordinary physical interactions with their environment.
		The amount of energy available as a result of the temperature of the material is on the order of the average thermal energy, for which kT=.026 eV at 300K is a representative number.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/Solids/Fermi2.html (575 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Fermi was one of the great physicists of our time, outstanding both as a theorist and as an experimenter.
		I thanked Fermi for his time and trouble, and sadly took the next bus back to Ithaca to tell the bad news to the students.
		Fermi knew nothing about quarks, and died before they were discovered.
	www.nature.com /news/2004/040119/pf/427297a_pf.html (867 words)

	FERMI PROBLEMS
		Fermi was uncontestably one of the most important research physicists of this century, and a great many of the working tools of the modern physicist were invented by him.
		The point of Fermi problems is in part to show how much use can be made of commonly available knowledge by the person willing to be resourceful and make approximate simple calculations, but it is more to illustrate the difference between estimation and guessing.
		In this chapter and all that follow, a large bulk of the problems will be Fermi problems, sometimes dealing with the particular subject material newly introduced in the chapters, and sometimes dealing just with life in general.
	www.ph.utexas.edu /~gleeson/httb/section1_3_3_5.html (2260 words)

	New Page 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Fermi (the bird) was purchased hand-fed from a breeder and his birthdate is June 21, 2002.
		Fermi flying from Melissa to me. Note the silver primaries, and the band of silver along the primaries that appears on the topside of the wing (in the next picture).
		Fermi flying from Melissa to me, note the silver band along the wings.
	www.chem.ucsb.edu /~javier/fermi.htm (94 words)

	Fermi, Enrico (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Fermi's colleagues were inclined to believe that he had actually made a new, "transuranic" element of atomic number 93; that is, during bombardment, the nucleus of uranium had captured a neutron, thus increasing its atomic weight.
		Fermi, apprised of this development soon after arriving in New York, saw its implications and rushed to greet Niels Bohr on his arrival in New York City.
		Biographies include Laura Fermi, Atoms in the Family (1954, reprinted 1987), written by Enrico's wife; Emilio Segrè, Enrico Fermi: Physicist (1970), by his earliest and closest collaborator; and Pierre de Latil, Enrico Fermi: The Man and His Theories (1966), a brief survey.
	www.britannica.com /nobel/micro/206_82.html (1415 words)

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