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| | VIRGINIA GUEDEA | The Process of Mexican Independence | The American Historical Review, 105.1 | The History Cooperative |
 | | The Ayuntamiento of Mexico City maintained that New Spain was a kingdom incorporated to the crown of Castile by conquest; that, in the absence of the king, sovereignty reposed in the kingdom, particularly in those superior tribunals that governed it, and in those corporations that represented the public voice. |
 | | Earlier, New Spain's Creole and Peninsular elites had united in their opposition to the 1804 Law of Consolidation, which required the church to recall its loans to the public; now, faced with conflicting aspirations, they divided and, in doing so, split the colony's society. |
 | | Although the Plan of Iguala invited all the inhabitants of New Spain to unite, it left the church, the state administration, and the courts intact, and its new army, the Army of the Three Guarantees, was based on the former royal army. |
| www.historycooperative.org /journals/ahr/105.1/ah000116.html (6477 words) |
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